The fundamental UNIX commands necessary for development

• The command line is a tool for interacting with a computer using only text (also known as a text interface) rather than other methods like clicking and scrolling.
• If you press the Tab key while entering a file name or folder name, the rest of the name gets auto-completed.
• The directory that you're currently in, is called the current directory.
• In the file structure of a computer, there is a root directory at the very top. The root directory is represented by /.

Commands

File and Directory Structures

• touch file_name.extension => Create new file

  $ touch begin.txt

• cat file_name => Displays the content of a file

  $ cat begin.txt

  [ If you specify a file that does not exist using the cat command, you will get an error, as the command is invalid ]

• mkdir directory_name => Creates a new directory

  $ mkdir code

• cd directory_name => Moves to specified directory

  $ cd html

  [ You'll get an error if you specify a directory that does not exist ]

• pwd (print working directory) => To know the directory you are currently working in

  $ pwd

• ls (Listing files) => Displays the directories and files that are direct children of the current directory

  $ ls

• .. => Moves to the parent directory

  $ cd ..

  [ If you execute cd without specifying a directory, you can move to what is called a home directory (represented by ~) ]

Working with Files and Directories

• mv directories/file_to_move/ destination_directory => Moves to directories/file

  $ mv begin.txt html

• mv old_file_name new_file_name => Renames a file

  $ mv begin.txt end.txt

• cp file_to_copy new_file_name. => To copy files

  $ cp begin.txt copy.txt

• cp -r directory_to_copy new_directory_name => Copy a directory ( r - Recursive copy)

  $ cp -r code html 

  [ If you try to copy a directory without adding the -r option, you will get an error ]
• rm file_to_remove => Removes a file

  $ rm begin.txt

• rm -r directory_to_remove => Removes a directory

  $ rm -r code

Other Important Commands

• man => Opens reference manual of a Linux operating system (help document)

  $ man

• history => Shows all the commands that you have used in the past for the current terminal session

  $ history

• clear => Clears the terminal

  $ man

• lp Filename => Prints a file

  $ lp begin.txt

Reference Links

• Progate
• Guru99

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