Remove sudo from uv configuration

[charliermarsh]

Summary

It looks like the issue here is that the workflow was missing actions/setup-python. Without it, I think the workflow has access to Python in the "tool cache" but that it's like... not fully configured? So you don't have write permissions to it?

pip has a behavior whereby if you try to install, and you don't have permissions to write, it falls back to a slightly different setup (as if you ran pip install --user). We don't have that behavior in uv. But if you use setup-python (is 0 seconds anyway), then the workflow will have the expected permissions, and uv pip install --system works without sudo.

Test Plan

• Ran to completion here: Re-configure uv charliermarsh/nba-monte-carlo#1
• Ran docker build . locally