Replace the retry mechanism in the cloud directory

[wbc6080]

What type of PR is this?
/kind feature

What this PR does / why we need it:
As mentioned in the issue #5441 , we can use the retry-go package to replace the retry mechanism in the code. This PR replaces the code in the cloud directory
Which issue(s) this PR fixes:

Fixes #

Special notes for your reviewer:

Does this PR introduce a user-facing change?:

[kubeedge-bot]

[APPROVALNOTIFIER] This PR is NOT APPROVED

This pull-request has been approved by:
To complete the pull request process, please assign skdwriting after the PR has been reviewed.
You can assign the PR to them by writing /assign @skdwriting in a comment when ready.

The full list of commands accepted by this bot can be found here.

Needs approval from an approver in each of these files:

• OWNERS

Approvers can indicate their approval by writing /approve in a comment
Approvers can cancel approval by writing /approve cancel in a comment

[luomengY]

/lgtm

[kubeedge-bot]

@luomengY: adding LGTM is restricted to approvers and reviewers in OWNERS files.

In response to this:

/lgtm

Instructions for interacting with me using PR comments are available here. If you have questions or suggestions related to my behavior, please file an issue against the kubernetes/test-infra repository.