Have a repository full of Jupyter notebooks? With Binder, open those notebooks in an executable environment, making your code immediately reproducible by anyone, anywhere.

Data sources

• CMS Program Statistics - Original Medicare Enrollment (Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services)
  • Years available as of April 2023: 2013 to 2021 (annual)
• Chronic Conditions (Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services)
  • Years available as of April 2023: 2007 to 2018 (annual)
• Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring (ADDM) Network: Data & Statistics on Autism Spectrum Disorder (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
  • Years available as of April 2023: 2000 to 2020 (biennial)

Poster references

1. Dietz, P. M., Rose, C. E., McArthur, D., & Maenner, M. (2020). National and state estimates of adults with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 50, 4258-4266. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04494-4
2. DaWalt, L. S., Hong, J., Greenberg, J. S., & Mailick, M. R. (2019). Mortality in individuals with autism spectrum disorder: Predictors over a 20-year period. Autism, 23(7), 1732-1739. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361319827412
3. Office of Enterprise Data and Analytics. (2020, November). Chronic conditions among Medicare beneficiaries: A methodological overview. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. https://www.cms.gov/Research-Statistics-Data-and-Systems/Statistics-Trends-and-Reports/Chronic-Conditions/Downloads/Methods_Overview.pdf

Other articles

• Fusar-Poli, L., Brondino, N., Politi, P., & Aguglia, E. (2020). Missed diagnoses and misdiagnoses of adults with autism spectrum disorder. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 272, 187-198. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-020-01189-w
• Hand, B. N., Angell, A. M., Harris, L., & Carpenter, L. A. (2019). Prevalence of physical and mental health conditions in Medicare-enrolled, autistic older adults. Autism, 24(3), 755-764. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361319890793
• Jariwala-Parikh, K., Barnard, M., Holmes, E. R., West-Strum, D., Bentley, J. P., Banahan, B., & Khanna, R. (2019). Autism prevalence in the Medicaid program and healthcare utilization and costs among adult enrollees diagnosed with autism. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, 46, 768-776. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10488-019-00960-z
• Kester, J. S., Hill, T., Thompson, L., Black, C. L., Coriano, V. L., Bruton, J., & Baker, C. N. (2023). Variance in autism prevalence: Links with state-level autism resources. Journal of Disability Policy Studies. https://doi.org/10.1177/10442073231156940
• Krantz, M., Dalmacy, D., Bishop, L., & Hyer, J. M., & Hand, B. N. (2022). Mortality rate and age of death among Medicare-enrolled autistic older adults. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 100, 102077. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2022.102077
• Lai, M. C., & Baron-Cohen, S. (2015). Identifying the lost generation of adults with autism spectrum disorder. The Lancet Psychiatry, 2(11), 1013-1027. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2215-0366(15)00277-1
• Sala, R., Amet, L., Blagojevic-Stokic, N., Shattock, P., & Whiteley, P. (2020). Bridging the gap between physical health and autism spectrum disorder. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 16, 1605-1618. https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S251394
• Song, W., Salzer, M. S., Nonnemacher, S. L., & Shea, L. (2022). Lifespan service receipt and unmet needs among individuals on the autism spectrum. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, 49, 694-705.
• Zeidan, J., Fombonne, E., Scorah, J., Ibrahim, A., Durkin, M. S., Saxena, S., Yusuf, A., Shih, A., & Elsabbagh, M. (2022). Global prevalence of autism: A systematic review update. Autism Research, 15(5), 778-790. https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2696

R packages

• tidyverse packages, including dplyr, ggplot2, readr, stringr, and tidyr: Read files, process data, and create visualizations
• usmap: Create chloropleth maps of the United States (including Alaska and Hawaii) as ggplot objects
• scales: "tools to override the default breaks, labels, transformations and palettes" in ggplot2 (e.g., commas in labels)
• patchwork: "to make it ridiculously simple to combine separate ggplots into the same graphic"

Related or similar projects

• Global Burden of Disease (Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation [IMHE])
• Medicare Chronic Conditions Dashboards (Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services [CMS])
• Mapping Medicare disparities by population (Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services [CMS])

License

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/.