googleurl-patch: update googleurl for new clang support

[adisuissa]

Commit Message: googleurl-patch: update googleurl for new clang support
Additional Description:
Updating the googleurl patch file to support newer clang and C++20 requirements.
This PR is based on https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/9bfbbffdba73668fdb483e5a850911d2b64c35d7.

The fix should solve the oss-fuzz build failure: https://oss-fuzz-build-logs.storage.googleapis.com/log-49728383-8c45-4c65-9154-16d7440fd0bb.txt

tep #3 - "compile-honggfuzz-address-x86_64": In file included from external/com_github_google_quiche/quiche/common/test_tools/quiche_test_utils.cc:9:
Step #3 - "compile-honggfuzz-address-x86_64": In file included from external/com_github_google_quiche/quiche/common/platform/api/quiche_googleurl.h:8:
Step #3 - "compile-honggfuzz-address-x86_64": In file included from bazel-out/k8-fastbuild-ST-74a21d80f561/bin/external/com_github_google_quiche/_virtual_includes/quiche_common_platform_default_quiche_platform_impl_googleurl_impl_lib/quiche_platform_impl/quiche_googleurl_impl.h:4:
Step #3 - "compile-honggfuzz-address-x86_64": In file included from external/com_googlesource_googleurl/url/gurl.h:16:
Step #3 - "compile-honggfuzz-address-x86_64": In file included from external/com_googlesource_googleurl/base/debug/crash_logging.h:16:
Step #3 - "compile-honggfuzz-address-x86_64": In file included from external/com_googlesource_googleurl/base/strings/string_number_conversions.h:15:
Step #3 - "compile-honggfuzz-address-x86_64": In file included from external/com_googlesource_googleurl/base/containers/span.h:18:
Step #3 - "compile-honggfuzz-address-x86_64": �[1mexternal/com_googlesource_googleurl/base/containers/checked_iterators.h:242:8: �[0m�[0;1;31merror: �[0m�[1mno template named '__is_cpp17_contiguous_iterator'; did you mean '__libcpp_is_contiguous_iterator'?�[0m
Step #3 - "compile-honggfuzz-address-x86_64":   242 | struct __is_cpp17_contiguous_iterator<::gurl_base::CheckedContiguousIterator<T>>�[0m
Step #3 - "compile-honggfuzz-address-x86_64":       | �[0;1;32m       ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Step #3 - "compile-honggfuzz-address-x86_64": �[0m      | �[0;32m       __libcpp_is_contiguous_iterator
Step #3 - "compile-honggfuzz-address-x86_64": �[0m�[1m/usr/local/bin/../include/c++/v1/__iterator/iterator_traits.h:476:8: �[0m�[0;1;30mnote: �[0m'__libcpp_is_contiguous_iterator' declared here�[0m
Step #3 - "compile-honggfuzz-address-x86_64":   476 | struct __libcpp_is_contiguous_iterator : _Or<�[0m
Step #3 - "compile-honggfuzz-address-x86_64":       | �[0;1;32m       ^
Step #3 - "compile-honggfuzz-address-x86_64": �[0m1 error generated.

Risk Level: low
Testing: N/A
Docs Changes: N/A
Release Notes: N/A
Platform Specific Features: N/A

[repokitteh-read-only]

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🐱

Caused by: #34051 was opened by adisuissa.

see: more, trace.

[repokitteh-read-only]

CC @envoyproxy/dependency-shepherds: Your approval is needed for changes made to (bazel/.*repos.*\.bzl)|(bazel/dependency_imports\.bzl)|(api/bazel/.*\.bzl)|(.*/requirements\.txt)|(.*\.patch).
envoyproxy/dependency-shepherds assignee is @moderation

🐱

Caused by: #34051 was opened by adisuissa.

see: more, trace.

[moderation]

/lgtm deps

[adisuissa]

Assigning senior-maintainer to review
/assign @phlax

[phlax]

lgtm, thanks @adisuissa