Add typing support

[barrust]

This PR handled several major items:

• black and isort formatting
• removed relative imports
• pyupgrade --py38-plus including f-strings, etc
• typing support
• added python 3.12 support

The main thing is typing!

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Attention: 15 lines in your changes are missing coverage. Please review.

Comparison is base (86c4080) 95.71% compared to head (8c383d5) 94.81%.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master     #132      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   95.71%   94.81%   -0.90%     
==========================================
  Files           5        5              
  Lines        1096     1119      +23     
==========================================
+ Hits         1049     1061      +12     
- Misses         47       58      +11     

Files	Coverage Δ
mediawiki/__init__.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
mediawiki/exceptions.py	99.09% <100.00%> (+0.01%)	⬆️
mediawiki/utilities.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
mediawiki/mediawikipage.py	94.49% <94.40%> (-1.36%)	⬇️
mediawiki/mediawiki.py	93.43% <92.52%> (-0.79%)	⬇️