Redis Model

The Redis Model will help create multiple keys with the same prefix in Redis and group those keys together as a table in a SQL database. The Redis Model will create an instance similar to the Eloquent Model in Laravel. It will also provide complete methods for adding, deleting, updating, and retrieving data arrays with methods that are similar to those used in Eloquent.

No Relationship : Redis is not the place to store complex relational data and Redis emphasizes its ability to access data very quickly, so building Relationship methods between models is not necessary and it will take a lot of time to retrieve data.

Supports

Laravel version supports

Redis Version	Laravel version(s)
0.x	8 / 9 / 10

Model Supports

Method	Is Working
CURD	Yes
Condition Select	Yes
Chunking	Yes
Transaction	Yes
Insert a lot of data	Yes
Delete a lot of data	Yes
Update a lot of data	Think..
Relationship	No

Key structure

Sample key structure for a Redis model in Laravel:

{redis_prefix}{redis_database_name}{model_name}:{primary_key}:{sub_key_1}:{sub_key_2}:...:{sub_key_n}

• redis_prefix: The Redis prefix set in the Redis configuration file.
• redis_database_name: The name of the Redis database used for the model.
• model_name: The name of the model.
• primary_key: The primary key of the model.
• sub_keys: Additional keys that belong to the model, which can be defined in the model 'subKey' property.

Example key:

laravel_redis_model_users:email:email@example:name:alvin:role:admin

In this example:

• The Redis prefix is 'laravel'
• The Redis database name is 'redis_model'
• The model name is 'users'
• The primary key of the model is 'email'
• The sub-keys of the model are 'name' and 'role'.

Note: The Redis prefix and database name can be configured in the 'redis-model' configuration file. The model's primary key and sub-keys can be defined in the model's 'primaryKey' and 'subKeys' property, respectively.

Installation

You may install Redis Model via the Composer package manager:

 composer require alvin0/redis-model

You should publish the RedisModel configuration and migration files using the vendor:publish Artisan command. The redis-model configuration file will be placed in your application's config directory:

php artisan vendor:publish --provider="Alvin0\RedisModel\RedisModelServiceProvider"

Generate Model

php artisan redis-model:model User

Model Conventions

Primary Keys, Sub-Keys And Fillable

The primary key is an attribute assigned by default by uuid, and they determine the search behavior of the model. Make sure that the values of primary keys are unique to avoid confusion when retrieving data based on conditions. Sub keys are keys that can be duplicated, and they will help you search using the where method in the model. To declare attributes for a model, you need to declare them in the fillable variable. You should also declare the primaryKey and subKeys in this variable.

use Alvin0\RedisModel\Model;

class User extends Model {

    /**
     * The model's sub keys for the model.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $subKeys = [
        'name',
        'role',
    ];

    /**
     * The attributes that are mass assignable.
     *
     * @var array<string>
     */
    protected $fillable = [
            'id',
            'email',
            'name',
            'role',
            'address'
    ];
}

If possible, please turn off the automatic UUID generation feature for model keys and choose keys for data to ensure easy data search with keys. Make sure the primary key is unique for the model.

use Alvin0\RedisModel\Model;

class User extends Model {
    /**
     * The primary key for the model.
     *
     * @var bool
     */
    protected $primaryKey = 'email';
    
    /**
     * Indicates if the IDs are auto-incrementing.
     *
     * @var bool
     */
    public $incrementing = false;

    /**
     * The model's sub keys for the model.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $subKeys = [
        'name',
        'role',
    ];

    /**
     * The attributes that are mass assignable.
     *
     * @var array<string>
     */
    protected $fillable = [
            'email',
            'name',
            'role',
            'address'
    ];
}

Table Names

So, in this case, RedisModel will assume the User model stores records in the users table.

use Alvin0\RedisModel\Model;

class User extends Model {
    // ...
}

The final name before creating the hash code is based on the prefix of the table + table name. If your model's corresponding database table does not fit this convention, you may manually specify the model's table name by defining a table property on the model:

use Alvin0\RedisModel\Model;

class User extends Model {
    /**
     * The model's table.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $table = "";

    /**
     * The model's prefixTable.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $prefixTable = null;
}

Timestamps

By default, RedisModel expects created_at and updated_at columns to exist on your model's corresponding database table. RedisModel will automatically set these column's values when models are created or updated. If you do not want these columns to be automatically managed by RedisModel, you should define a $timestamps property on your model with a value of false:

use Alvin0\RedisModel\Model;

class User extends Model {
    /**
     * Indicates if the model should be timestamped.
     *
     * @var bool
     */
    public $timestamps = false;
}

Configuring Connection Model

You can change the connection name for the model's connection. Make sure it is declared in the redis-model configuration file. By default, the model will use the redis_model_default connection name.

use Alvin0\RedisModel\Model;

class User extends Model {

    /**
     * @var string|null
     */
    protected $connectionName = null;
}

Retrieving Models

Building

Due to limitations in searching model properties, where is the only supported method. The where method will facilitate the search for primary key and sub-key in the model's table easily. You can add additional constraints to the query and then call the get method to retrieve the results: The where method can only search for fields that are primary key and sub keys.

use App\RedisModels\User;

User::where('email', 'email@gmail.com')
    ->where('role', 'admin')
    ->get();

Tip: where("field", "something_*") You can use * to match any keywords following the required keywords. Looks like the same place as in SQL

use App\RedisModels\User;

User::where('name', "user_*")->get();
// result collection 
// [
//  ["name" => "user_1"],
//  ["name" => "user_2"],
//  ["name" => "user_3"],
//  ["name" => "user_4"],
// ]

Collection

As we have seen, Eloquent methods like all and get retrieve multiple records from the redis. However, these methods don't return a plain PHP array. Instead, an instance of Alvin0\RedisModel\Collection is returned.

• Method all()

use App\RedisModels\User;

User::all();

• Method get()

use App\RedisModels\User;

User::where('name', "user_*")->get();

Chunking Results

Your application may run out of memory if you attempt to load tens of thousands of Eloquent records via the all or get methods. Instead of using these methods, the chunk method may be used to process large numbers of models more efficiently.

• Method chunk

use App\RedisModels\User;
use Alvin0\RedisModel\Collection;

User::where('user_id', 1)
    ->chunk(10, function (Collection $items) {
        foreach ($items as $item) {
            dump($item);
        }
    });

Retrieving Single Models

In addition to retrieving all of the records matching a given query, you may also retrieve single records using the find, first methods.Instead of returning a collection of models, these methods return a single model instance:

use App\RedisModels\User;
 
// Retrieve a model by its primary key...
$user = User::find('value_primary_key');
 
// Retrieve the first model matching the query constraints...
$user = User::where('email', 'email@gmail.com')->first();

Inserting & Updating Models

Inserts

We also need to insert new records. Thankfully, Eloquent makes it simple. To insert a new record into the database, you should instantiate a new model instance and set attributes on the model. Then, call the save method on the model instance:

use App\RedisModels\User;

$user = new User;
$user->email = 'email@gmail.com';
$user->name = 'Alvin0';
$user->token = '8f8e847890354d23b9a762f4d2612ce5';
$user->token = now();
$user->save()

Create Model

Alternatively, you may use the create method to save a new model using a single PHP statement. The inserted model instance will be returned to you by the create method:

use App\RedisModels\User;

$user = User::create([
    'email' => 'email@gmail.com',
    'name' => 'Alvin0'
    'token' => '8f8e847890354d23b9a762f4d2612ce5',
    'expire_at' => now(),
])
$user->email //email@gmail.com 

Force Create Model

By default, the create method will automatically throw an error if the primary key is duplicated (Alvin0\RedisModel\Exceptions\KeyExistException). If you want to ignore this error, you can try the following approaches:

• Change property preventCreateForce to false

use Alvin0\RedisModel\Model;

class User extends Model {
    /**
     * Indicates when generating but key exists
     *
     * @var bool
     */
    protected $preventCreateForce = true;
}

• Use method forceCreate

use App\RedisModels\User;

User::forceCreate([
    'email' => 'email@gmail.com',
    'name' => 'Alvin0'
    'token' => '8f8e847890354d23b9a762f4d2612ce5',
    'expire_at' => now(),
]);

$user->email //email@gmail.com 

Insert Statements

To solve the issue of inserting multiple items into a table, you can use the inserts function. It is recommended to use array chunk to ensure performance.

use App\RedisModels\User;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Hash;
use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$seed = function ($limit) {
    $users = [];
    for ($i = 0; $i < $limit; $i++) {
        $users[] = [
            'email' => Str::random(10) . '@gmail.com',
            'name' => Str::random(8),
            'token' => md5(Str::random(10)),
            'expire_at' => now(),
        ];
    }

    return $users;
};

User::insert($seed(10));

I think you should use the transaction method to ensure that your data will be rolled back if an error occurs during the process of inserting multiple data.

use App\RedisModels\User;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Hash;
use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$seed = function ($limit) {
    $users = [];
    for ($i = 0; $i < $limit; $i++) {
        $users[] = [
            'email' => Str::random(10) . '@gmail.com',
            'name' => Str::random(8),
            'token' => md5(Str::random(10)),
            'expire_at' => now(),
        ];
    }

    return $users;
};

User::transaction(function ($conTransaction) use ($data) {
    User::insert($seed(10), $conTransaction);
});

Update Model

The save method may also be used to update models that already exist in the database. To update a model, you should retrieve it and set any attributes you wish to update. Then, you should call the model's save method. Again, the updated_at timestamp will automatically be updated, so there is no need to manually set its value:

use App\RedisModels\User;
 
$user = User::find('email@gmail.com');
 
$user->name = 'Alvin1';

$user->save();

Method update is not supported for making changes on a collection. Please use it with an existing instance instead:

$user = User::find('email@gmail.com')->update(['name' => 'Alvin1']);

Deleting Models

To delete a model, you may call the delete method on the model instance:

use App\RedisModels\User;
 
$user = User::find('email@gmail.com')->delete();

Delete Statements

The query builder's delete method may be used to delete records from the redis model.

    User::where('email', '*@gmail.com')->destroy();

    //or remove all data model
    User::destroy();

Expire

The special thing when working with Redis is that you can set the expiration time of a key, and with a model instance, there will be a method to set and get the expiration time for it.

Set Expire Model

use App\RedisModels\User;

$user = User::find('email@gmail.com')->setExpire(60); // The instance will have a lifespan of 60 seconds

Get Expire Model

use App\RedisModels\User;

$user = User::find('email@gmail.com')->getExpire(); // The remaining time to live of the instance is 39 seconds.

Transaction

The Redis model's transaction method provides a convenient wrapper around Redis' native MULTI and EXEC commands. The transaction method accepts a closure as its only argument. This closure will receive a Redis connection instance and may issue any commands it would like to this instance. All of the Redis commands issued within the closure will be executed in a single, atomic transaction:

When defining a Redis transaction, you may not retrieve any values from the Redis connection. Remember, your transaction is executed as a single, atomic operation and that operation is not executed until your entire closure has finished executing its commands.

use App\RedisModels\User;
use Redis;

$data [
    'users:id:1:email:email@example:name:alvin:role:admin' => [
        'id' => 1,
        'email'=>'email@example'
        'name' => 'alvin',
        'role'=>'admin'
    ]
    'users:id:2:email:email@example:name:alvin:role:admin' => [
        'id' => 2,
        'email'=>'email@example'
        'name' => 'alvin',
        'role'=>'admin'
    ]
    'users:id:3:email:email@example:name:alvin:role:admin' => [
        'id' => 3,
        'email'=>'email@example'
        'name' => 'alvin',
        'role'=>'admin'
    ]
];

$user = User::transaction(function (Redis $conTransaction) use($data) {
    foreach($data as $key => $value) {
        $conTransaction->hMSet($key, $value);
    }
    // $conTransaction->discard(); 
});