Nextcloud 12, Ubuntu and LEMP Tutorial

flavoured by: https://www.linuxbabe.com/ubuntu/install-nextcloud-11-ubuntu-16-04-nginx-config

against password acrobatics

sudo su

or

su

prepare MariaDB

create a database for Nextcloud and edit 'strong_password'

mysql -uroot -p
CREATE DATABASE nextcloud;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nextcloud.* TO 'nextcloud'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'strong_password';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
\q

enable binary loggin in MariaDB

nano /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/50-server.cnf

add following block in [mysql] section

log-bin        = /var/log/mysql/mariadb-bin
log-bin-index  = /var/log/mysql/mariadb-bin.index
binlog_format  = mixed

reload mysql

systemctl reload mysql

prepare fpm

uncomment following environment variables from /etc/php/7.0/fpm/pool.d/www.conf

nano /etc/php/7.0/fpm/pool.d/www.conf
env[HOSTNAME] = $HOSTNAME
env[PATH] = /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
env[TMP] = /tmp
env[TMPDIR] = /tmp
env[TEMP] = /tmp

restart fpm

service php7.0-fpm restart

download nextcloud

wget https://download.nextcloud.com/server/releases/latest.zip

unzip it and move it to nginx landing

unzip latest.zip -d /usr/share/nginx/

make www-data owner for the nextcloud dir

chown -R www-data:www-data  /usr/share/nginx/

create nextcloud.conf in /etc/nginx/conf.d/ dir

nano /etc/nginx/conf.d/nextcloud.conf

add following blockedit and edit server_name,

    server {
        listen 80;
        server_name <IP> OR DOMAIN <IP>;

        # Add headers to serve security related headers
        add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
       #uncomment following line. looks like its now standard in nginx
       # add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN";
        add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
        add_header X-Robots-Tag none;
        add_header X-Download-Options noopen;
        add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none;

        # Path to the root of your installation
        root /usr/share/nginx/nextcloud/;

        location = /robots.txt {
            allow all;
            log_not_found off;
            access_log off;
        }

        # The following 2 rules are only needed for the user_webfinger app.
        # Uncomment it if you're planning to use this app.
        #rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta /public.php?service=host-meta last;
        #rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta.json /public.php?service=host-meta-json
        # last;

        location = /.well-known/carddav {
            return 301 $scheme://$host/remote.php/dav;
        }
        location = /.well-known/caldav {
           return 301 $scheme://$host/remote.php/dav;
        }

        location ~ /.well-known/acme-challenge {
          allow all;
        }

        # set max upload size
        client_max_body_size 512M;
        fastcgi_buffers 64 4K;

        # Disable gzip to avoid the removal of the ETag header
        gzip off;

        # Uncomment if your server is build with the ngx_pagespeed module
        # This module is currently not supported.
        #pagespeed off;

        error_page 403 /core/templates/403.php;
        error_page 404 /core/templates/404.php;

        location / {
           rewrite ^ /index.php$uri;
        }

        location ~ ^/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)/ {
           deny all;
        }
        location ~ ^/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console) {
           deny all;
         }

        location ~ ^/(?:index|remote|public|cron|core/ajax/update|status|ocs/v[12]|updater/.+|ocs-provider/.+|core/templates/40[34])\.php(?:$|/) {
           include fastcgi_params;
           fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.*)$;
           fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
           fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;
           #Avoid sending the security headers twice
           fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true;
           fastcgi_param front_controller_active true;
           fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock;
           fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
           fastcgi_request_buffering off;
        }

        location ~ ^/(?:updater|ocs-provider)(?:$|/) {
           try_files $uri/ =404;
           index index.php;
        }

        # Adding the cache control header for js and css files
        # Make sure it is BELOW the PHP block
        location ~* \.(?:css|js)$ {
            try_files $uri /index.php$uri$is_args$args;
            add_header Cache-Control "public, max-age=7200";
            # Add headers to serve security related headers (It is intended to
            # have those duplicated to the ones above)
            add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
            add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN";
            add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
            add_header X-Robots-Tag none;
            add_header X-Download-Options noopen;
            add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none;
            # Optional: Don't log access to assets
            access_log off;
       }

       location ~* \.(?:svg|gif|png|html|ttf|woff|ico|jpg|jpeg)$ {
            try_files $uri /index.php$uri$is_args$args;
            # Optional: Don't log access to other assets
            access_log off;
       }
    }

check if you did good

nginx -t
systemctl reload nginx

remove dir /etc/nginx/sites-enabled to avoid confict with nextcloud landing page

rm -r /etc/nginx/sites-enabled

remove default.conf in /etc/nginx/conf.d - u just keep the nextcloud.conf

rm /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

again, check if you did good

nginx -t
systemctl reload nginx

install php modules for Nextcloud

apt install php7.0-zip php7.0-intl php7.0-mcrypt php-imagick

enable caching

flavoured by https://bayton.org/docs/nextcloud/installing-nextcloud-on-ubuntu-16-04-lts-with-redis-apcu-ssl-apache/

apt install php-apcu redis-server php-redis

restart fpm

service php7.0-fpm restart

open redis conf

nano /etc/redis/redis.conf

change port

port 6379 -> port 0

uncomment and edit permissions

unixsocket /var/run/redis/redis.sock
unixsocketperm 770

add the Redis user redis to the www-data group

sudo usermod -a -G redis www-data

now you can visit your nextcloud landing page via browser at <IP> OR DOMAIN <IP>

create admin and pw for nextcloud, log in with MariaDB Nextcloud credentials we created before:

admin account
alf_admin1337
really_strong_password

Data folder
/usr/share/nginx/nextcloud/data/

Configure the database
nextcloud
strong_password
nextcloud
localhost

I got a timeout here. 504 bad gateway. reload page. reload the page, log in and wait...

edit Nextcloud config file

nano /usr/share/nginx/nextcloud/config/config.php

paste the following block at the end of file - normally below 'installed' => true,

'memcache.local' => '\OC\Memcache\APCu',
'memcache.locking' => '\\OC\\Memcache\\Redis',
'filelocking.enabled' => 'true',
'redis' =>
array (
	'host' => '/var/run/redis/redis.sock',
	'port' => 0,
	'timeout' => 0.0,
),

optimize /etc/php/7.0/fpm/php.ini

nano /etc/php/7.0/fpm/php.ini

find vars, uncomment and change to

opcache.enable=1
opcache.enable_cli=1
opcache.memory_consumption=128
opcache.interned_strings_buffer=8
opcache.max_accelerated_files=10000
opcache.revalidate_freq=1
opcache.save_comments=1

restart fpm

systemctl reload php7.0-fpm

#use Cron instead Ajax

flavoured by https://docs.nextcloud.com/server/12/admin_manual/configuration_server/background_jobs_configuration.html

check radiobutton on Nextcloud admin page Cron

write a crontab like

crontab -u www-data -e

chose editor and add at the end of file

	*/15  *  *  *  * php -f /usr/share/nginx/nextcloud/cron.php

verify if you did good

crontab -u www-data -l

Note: On some systems it might be required to call php-cli instead of php

extern HDD connection

prepare mounting point

mkdir /home/Nextcloud_extern

check usb devices

lsblk

select usb device, normally sda1

mount -t auto /dev/sda1 /home/Nextcloud_extern

giving priveleges for nginx

chown -R www-data:www-data /home/Nextcloud_extern

creating automount

nano /etc/fstab
/dev/sda1 /home/Nextcloud_extern auto noatime 0 0

install smbclient

apt install smbclient
systemctl reload php7.0-fpm
systemctl reload nginx

settings // Apps // deavtivated Apps

activate  External storage support

go to admin panel

External storage

nextcloud logging file

nano /usr/share/nginx/nextcloud/data/nextcloud.log

reach me via derbarti gmail com