Links to some basic guides for beginners
Github HandBook-> https://guides.github.com/introduction/git-handbook/
Github CheatSheet-> https://services.github.com/on-demand/resources/cheatsheets/
Github Guides-> https://guides.github.com
Udacity's guide to Github-> https://blog.udacity.com/2015/06/a-beginners-git-github-tutorial.html
Installing a linux distro or having any vps cloud servers is necessary for building ROMs/Kernels :p don't buildbot pliz
Getting Gcloud Trial-> https://forum.xda-developers.com/chef-central/android/guide-how-to-build-rom-google-cloud-t3360430
Setting up your system for compilation needs various packages need to be installed, refer to https://github.com/akhilnarang/scripts for it
Kernel compilation guide by nathanchance-> https://forum.xda-developers.com/android/software-hacking/reference-how-to-compile-android-kernel-t3627297
There are no up-to-date guides for ROM compilations around, so here's a short guide-> Sync the rom sources you want to build, clone your device, kernel, vendor trees to respective folders [Some devices have a common tree and some additional repos also], check out your device forums on XDA for more information
Kernel Upstreaming notes by nathanchance-> https://github.com/nathanchance/linux-stable-notes
Merging CAF tags in kernel source by vipul jha-> https://forum.xda-developers.com/android/software-hacking/reference-merge-caf-tag-kernel-t3787564
Changing toolchains while building kernel/ROMs-> https://forum.xda-developers.com/chef-central/android/guide-switching-to-custom-toolchain-t2927662
LineageOS people have recently started a blog named Engineering where they will be discussing out Android Internals, do check it-> https://www.lineageos.org/engineering/Telephony/
Credits to-> XDA Forums GitHub Nathan Chancellor Harsh Shandilya [MSFJarvis] And the other guide owners.