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Adds ConcatMap operator #68

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@ohitsdaniel ohitsdaniel commented Nov 22, 2020

Resolves #41.

@freak4pc mentioned in #41, that we could try using .flatMap(maxPublishers: 1, transform:) to achieve the functionality of ConcatMap. I added some tests to verify if this is true, but unfortunately it's not that easy. ;)

Unexpected behaviour:

  • .flatMap(maxPublishers: 1, transform:) does not buffer mapped publishers, discarding all publishers if there is an active one, leading to missing values.

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codecov bot commented Nov 22, 2020

Codecov Report

Merging #68 (4caf28f) into main (730d272) will increase coverage by 0.02%.
The diff coverage is 97.63%.

❗ Current head 4caf28f differs from pull request most recent head 80ba6dd. Consider uploading reports for the commit 80ba6dd to get more accurate results
Impacted file tree graph

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main      #68      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   97.12%   97.15%   +0.02%     
==========================================
  Files          62       64       +2     
  Lines        3336     3546     +210     
==========================================
+ Hits         3240     3445     +205     
- Misses         96      101       +5     
Impacted Files Coverage Δ
Sources/Operators/ConcatMap.swift 94.73% <94.73%> (ø)
Sources/Common/DemandBuffer.swift 100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
Tests/ConcatMapTests.swift 100.00% <100.00%> (ø)

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@ohitsdaniel
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ohitsdaniel commented Nov 22, 2020

A gave it a go and implemented Publishers.ConcatMap. As this is my first custom combine operator / Publisher, I'm happy about any kind of feedback. 😸

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Still didn't go through the tests but have some questions. Thank you for all the hard work!

Sources/Operators/ConcatMap.swift Outdated Show resolved Hide resolved
public extension Publisher {
/// Transforms an output value into a new publisher, and flattens the stream of events from these multiple upstream publishers to appear as if they were coming from a single stream of events.
///
/// Mapping to a new publisher will keep the subscription to the previous one alive until it completes and only then subscribe to the new one. This also means that all values sent by the new publisher are not forwarded as long as the previous one hasn't completed.
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Suggested change
/// Mapping to a new publisher will keep the subscription to the previous one alive until it completes and only then subscribe to the new one. This also means that all values sent by the new publisher are not forwarded as long as the previous one hasn't completed.
/// Mapping to a new publisher will keep the subscription to the previous one alive until it completes and only then subscribe to the new one. This also means that all values sent by the new publisher are not forwarded as long as the previous one hasn't completed.

This also means that all values sent by the new publisher are not forwarded as long as the previous one hasn't completed.

Not sure about this - why would it emit at all if it's only subscribed to after the completion of the previous one?

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The new, inner publisher could potentially emit before being subscribed to (Like a non-deferred future, i.e. hot observable)?

Example:

let passthrough = PassthroughSubject<Int, Never>()

let mapped = passthrough.map { value in
    Future<Int, Never> { completion in
        completion(.success(value))
    }
    .delay(for: .seconds(1), scheduler: DispatchQueue.main)
  }
  .compactMap { $0 }

  let cancellable = mapped.sink(receiveValue: { value in
    print(value)
  })

  passthrough.send(1)
  passthrough.send(2)     

In this case, concatMap does not buffer 2 as the Publisher 1 hadn't completed when 2 was put onto the stream.

See test_ignores_values_of_subsequent_while_previous_hasNot_completed in CompactMapTests.swift

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In Rx, the concatMap assumes that inner Observables are cold and that the closure creates the Observable that is being subscribed to. I think it's correct to make that assumption here as well.

Sources/Operators/ConcatMap.swift Show resolved Hide resolved
bufferedPublishers.append(mapped)
}

return .unlimited
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Not 100% sure returning unlimited demand here is right. Any reason?

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No reason, but I'm also not 100% sure what to return here. 🤔

defer { lock.unlock() }
activePublisher = publisher

publisher.sink(
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I'm not sure I'm a fan of using sink inside a custom publisher. I mean, you're alraedy holding your own subscription etc so why use a built-in subscriber that creates a subscription to do this ?

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Problem is that we have an outer publisher of publishers and we want to flatten the value of the inner publisher into one publisher of values.

I checked how RxSwift solves this and it relies on MergeLimitedSink which subscribes a MergeLimitedSinkIter (inner sink) to each inner publisher and then checks if the outer sink has a 'next' publisher when the inner publisher completes.

The only benefit that I see from this is that it reuses 'active sinks' and subscribes them directly to the next publisher. Maybe you see some other benefits in this approach? I'm not 100% familiar with the RxSwift codebase.

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Just realized that having an outer / inner sink would solve the whole uncertainty around which demand to return. I'll rewrite it to look a bit more like the RxSwift equivalent.

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freak4pc commented Mar 6, 2021

Hey @ohitsdaniel - are you interested in finishing this PR? Thanks :)

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Yes, just didn't find the time yet as I have been focusing on other projects. I'll see if I can squeeze it in next week. :)

@ohitsdaniel
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Quick update from my side: I scheduled some time this Friday to work on this. :)

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ohitsdaniel commented Apr 12, 2021

@freak4pc

Re-implemented it, pretty closely following the RxSwift implementation while not over-generifying the implementation. Main idea is that we have an inner and outer sink.

The OuterSink observes the stream of upstream values and has .unlimited demand. Whenever it receives a value, it transforms it into a new publisher (NewPublisher) and hands it to the inner sink.

The InnerSink observes a stream of NewPublisher values and manages the demand. Whenever it receives a completion, it subscribes to the next publisher, if there is one. Whenever the outer sink hands in a NewPublisher, the inner sink either directly subscribes to the new publisher, if it currently has no active subscription, or queues it, so that it is subscribed to whenever the currently active subscription ends (i.e. the inner sink receives a successful completion).

Had to add a remainingDemand field to DemandBuffer, so that the inner sink can request more values from the next subscription if the downstream demand hasn't been fulfilled.

@filblue
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filblue commented May 12, 2021

@freak4pc Any plans to move on with this?

@kerrmarin-lvmh
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Hey, are there any plans to merge this?

@Evertt
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Evertt commented Feb 9, 2024

bump

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Add concatMap
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