simple_shell

Overview

C is a powerful general-purpose programming language. It can be used to develop software like operating systems, databases, compilers, and so on. This projects covers the concepts of shell development!

Simple Shell is an ALX School pair project. The general goal of the project is to write a simple UNIX command interpreter.

Content

• Installation
• Builtins
• General Requirements
• Target output
• List of allowed functions
• Compilation
• Testing
• Tasks

Installation

git clone https://github.com/victorpreston/simple_shell.git
cd simple_shell
gcc *.c -o hsh

Builtins

Command	Synopsis	Description
alias	alias [NAME[='VALUE'] ...]	Print and define command aliases
cd	cd [DIRECTORY]	Change the current working directory
env	env	Print the environment
exit	exit [STATUS]	Exit the shell
help	help [BUILTIN]	Print a help messages for built-ins
setenv	setenv VARIABLE VALUE	Set an environment variable
unsetenv	unsetenv VARIABLE	Unset an environment variable

General Requirements

• Allowed editors: vi, vim, emacs
• All your files will be compiled on Ubuntu 14.04 LTS
• Your C programs and functions will be compiled with gcc 4.8.4 using the flags -Wall -Werror -Wextra and -pedantic
• All your files should end with a new line
• A README.md file, at the root of the folder of the project is mandatory
• Your code should use the Betty style. It will be checked using betty-style.pl and betty-doc.pl
• No more than 5 functions per file
• All your header files should be include guarded
• Use system calls only when you need to

Target output

• Unless specified otherwise, your program must have the exact same output as sh (/bin/sh) as well as the exact same error output.
• The only difference is when you print an error, the name of the program must be equivalent to your argv[0]

• Example of error with sh:

$ echo "qwerty" | /bin/sh
/bin/sh: 1: qwerty: not found
$ echo "qwerty" | /bin/../bin/sh
/bin/../bin/sh: 1: qwerty: not found
$

• Same error with your program hsh:

$ echo "qwerty" | ./hsh
./hsh: 1: qwerty: not found
$ echo "qwerty" | ./././hsh
./././hsh: 1: qwerty: not found
$

List of allowed functions / syscalls

Functions	Reference
access	man 2 access
chdir	man 2 chdir
close	man 2 close
closedir	man 3 closedir
execve	man 2 execve
exit	man 3 exit
_exit	man 2 _exit
fflush	man 3 fflush
fork	man 2 fork
free	man 3 free
getcwd	man 3 getcwd
getline	man 3 getline
isatty	man 3 isatty
kill	man 2 kill
malloc	man 3 malloc
open	man 2 open
opendir	man 3 opendir
perror	man 3 perror
read	man 2 read
readdir	man 3 readdir
signal	man 2 signal
stat	(__xstat) man 2 stat
lstat	(__lxstat) man 2 lstat
fstat	(__fxstat) man 2 fstat
strtok	man 3 strtok
wait	man 2 wait
waitpid	man 2 waitpid
wait3	man 2 wait3
wait4	man 2 wait4
write	man 2 write

Compilation

gcc -Wall -Werror -Wextra -pedantic *.c -o hsh

Testing

• Interactive mode:

$ ./hsh
($) /bin/ls
hsh main.c shell.c
($)
($) exit
$

• Non-interactive mode:

$ echo "/bin/ls" | ./hsh
hsh main.c shell.c test_ls_2
$
$ cat test_ls_2
/bin/ls
/bin/ls
$
$ cat test_ls_2 | ./hsh
hsh main.c shell.c test_ls_2
hsh main.c shell.c test_ls_2
$

Tasks

Mandatory:

1. README, man, AUTHORS

• Write a README
• Write a man for your shell.
• You should have an AUTHORS file at the root of your repository, listing all individuals having contributed content to the repository.

2. Simple shell 0.1

• Write a UNIX command line interpreter.
• Your Shell should: Display a prompt and wait for the user to type a command. A command line always ends with a new line. The prompt is displayed again each time a command has been executed. The command lines are simple, no semicolons, no pipes, no redirections or any other advanced features. The command lines are made only of one word. No arguments will be passed to programs. If an executable cannot be found, print an error message and display the prompt again. Handle errors. You have to handle the “end of file” condition (Ctrl+D)
• You don’t have to: use the PATH implement built-ins handle special characters : ", ', `, , *, &, # be able to move the cursor handle commands with arguments

3. Simple shell 0.2

• Handle command lines with arguments

4. Simple shell 0.3

• Handle the PATH

5. Simple shell 0.4

• Implement the exit built-in, that exits the shell
• Usage: exit
• You don’t have to handle any argument to the built-in exit

6. Simple shell 1.0

• Implement the env built-in, that prints the current environment

7. Write a blogpost "What happens when you type ls -l in the shell"

Advanced

1. Test suite

• Contribute to a test suite for your shell

2. Simple shell 0.2.1

• Write your own strtok function

3. Simple shell 0.4.1

• handle arguments for the built-in exit

4. Simple shell 0.4.2

• Handle Ctrl+C: your shell should not quit when the user inputs ^C

5. setenv, unsetenv

• Implement the setenv and unsetenv builtin commands

6. cd

• Implement the builtin command cd

7. ;

• Handle the commands separator ;

8. alias

• Implement the alias builtin command

19. Comments

• Handle comments (#)

10. help

• Implement the help built-in

11. File as an input

• Your shell should take a file as a command line argument

Authors

• Mmjosh
• Victor Preston