Feature/issue 688 support function parse_datetime

[lizhou1111]

• Add new functions to format datetime in joda datetime style ClickHouse/ClickHouse#43818
• Revert "update function DAYOFWEEK and add new function WEEKDAY for mysql/spark compatiability" ClickHouse/ClickHouse#45221
• Revert "Revert "Improve week day"" ClickHouse/ClickHouse#45233
• Add new functionality to the function FormatDataTime ClickHouse/ClickHouse#46073
• Expand date formatters and add DATE_FORMAT function for better MySQL compatibility ClickHouse/ClickHouse#46302
• Add new function parseDateTime/parseDateTimeInJodaSyntax ClickHouse/ClickHouse#46815
• Change the behavior of formatter %M in function formatDateTime() from minutes to month name ClickHouse/ClickHouse#47246
• MySQL compat: Align behavior of %f in formatDateTime() with parseDateTime() ClickHouse/ClickHouse#48422
• Fix formatDateTime() with fractional negative datetime64 ClickHouse/ClickHouse#51290
• Support non-constant timezone arguments in toString() and formatDateTime() ClickHouse/ClickHouse#53680

1. format_datetime_in_joda_syntax

timeplus-OptiPlex-7000 :) with '2018-01-12 22:33:44' as s, to_datetime(s) as datetime, to_datetime64(s, 6) as datetime64, to_date16(s) as date, to_date(s) as date32 SELECT format_datetime_in_joda_syntax(datetime, 'ee'), format_datetime_in_joda_syntax(datetime64, 'ee'), format_datetime_in_joda_syntax(date, 'ee'), format_datetime_in_joda_syntax(date32, 'ee');
                          

WITH '2018-01-12 22:33:44' AS s, to_datetime(s) AS datetime, to_datetime64(s, 6) AS datetime64, to_date16(s) AS date, to_date(s) AS date32
SELECT
  format_datetime_in_joda_syntax(datetime, 'ee'), format_datetime_in_joda_syntax(datetime64, 'ee'), format_datetime_in_joda_syntax(date, 'ee'), format_datetime_in_joda_syntax(date32, 'ee')

Query id: e270f107-d73a-420f-af6f-d357ea5f284e

┌─format_datetime_in_joda_syntax(datetime, 'ee')─┬─format_datetime_in_joda_syntax(datetime64, 'ee')─┬─format_datetime_in_joda_syntax(date, 'ee')─┬─format_datetime_in_joda_syntax(date32, 'ee')─┐
│ 05                                             │ 05                                               │ 05                                         │ 05                                           │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────┴──────────────────────────────────────────────────┴────────────────────────────────────────────┴──────────────────────────────────────────────┘

1 row in set. Elapsed: 0.022 sec.

2. parse_datetime

timeplus-OptiPlex-7000 :) select parse_datetime('10:04:11 03-07-2019', '%s:%i:%H %d-%m-%Y', 'UTC')

SELECT
  parse_datetime('10:04:11 03-07-2019', '%s:%i:%H %d-%m-%Y', 'UTC')

Query id: 2a7cf9e3-e929-473b-9ec4-daaedd7b10a9

┌─parse_datetime('10:04:11 03-07-2019', '%s:%i:%H %d-%m-%Y', 'UTC')─┐
│                                               2019-07-03 11:04:10 │
└───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

1 row in set. Elapsed: 0.005 sec. 

3. parse_datetime_in_joda_syntax

timeplus-OptiPlex-7000 :) select parse_datetime_in_joda_syntax('2 31 20 4', 'M d d M', 'UTC')

SELECT
  parse_datetime_in_joda_syntax('2 31 20 4', 'M d d M', 'UTC')

Query id: 4911ed0a-3033-47f8-97e2-b83361c93a32

┌─parse_datetime_in_joda_syntax('2 31 20 4', 'M d d M', 'UTC')─┐
│                                          2000-04-20 00:00:00 │
└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

1 row in set. Elapsed: 0.006 sec.

More details please see the original clickhouse pr above.
Related to #688

[lizhou1111]

this close #688