SoccerScience

The project consists of some data science exercises using soccer data. First of all, I've collected data from the last 21 years Brasileirão Série A and B.

Brazilian 1st division historical data

An example 2015' season's Brazilian 1st division standing.

    Pos Team             Final Points Goals For Goals Against Goals Difference  Year
  <int> <chr>                   <dbl>     <int>         <int>            <int> <int>
1     1 Corinthians                81        71            31               40  2015
2     2 Atlético Mineiro           69        65            47               18  2015
3     3 Grêmio                     68        52            32               20  2015
4     4 São Paulo                  62        53            47                6  2015
5     5 Internacional              60        39            38                1  2015
6     6 Sport Recife               59        53            38               15  2015

Most titles in the period

The data contains data from 2003's to 2023's season.

Team	Number of Titles
Corinthians-SP	4
Cruzeiro-MG	3
Flamengo-RJ	3
Palmeiras-SP	3
São Paulo-SP	3
Fluminense-RJ	2
Atlético Mineiro-MG	1
Santos-SP	1

---

Number of rounds as a leader in the period

Team	Rounds
Corinthians-SP	156
Cruzeiro-MG	122
Flamengo-RJ	114
Palmeiras-SP	114
São Paulo-SP	114
Fluminense-RJ	76
Santos-SP	46
Atlético Mineiro-MG	38
Botafogo-RJ	36

---

Most points in period

.

Team	Victories	Draws	Losses	Points
São Paulo-SP	351	218	211	1271
Flamengo-RJ	335	212	233	1217
Santos-SP	329	207	244	1194
Internacional-RS	324	192	226	1164
Corinthians-SP	314	215	213	1157
Palmeiras-SP	309	180	207	1107
Atlético Mineiro-MG	308	191	243	1115
Fluminense-RJ	306	205	269	1123
Athletico Paranaense-PR	295	175	272	1060
Grêmio-RS	295	180	225	1065

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Heatmap period

Teams performances in time-series

The figure below shows the overall performance among all teams that have appeared on a brasileirão série A (first division) at least one time. The blue line shows the home performance. The red-filled line marks the team performance as a visitor.

• Yellow rectangle marks the champion team
• Green rectangle marks the Libertadores' zone
• Black rectangle marks the relegation zone

Positions Per Year

Positions Per Team

Analysis of a specific season

Positions throughout rounds

This plot shows the evolution points throughout the rounds among all teams.

First, I've tidy data in this format.

    pos round team        sum_point
  <int> <int> <chr>           <dbl>
1     1     1 Corinthians         3
2     1     2 Corinthians         6
3     1     3 Corinthians         7
4     1     4 Corinthians         7
5     1     5 Corinthians         7
6     1     6 Corinthians        10

Calculating probability

In this calculation, I choose a specific standing position, calculate the mean score of that position in historical data, finally get the number of chances of reach this score.

number of combinations with repetition

number of items in the pool (it may be for example number of alphabet letters, which we use to create words),

number of items used (it may be for example length of the word or number of balls pulled out from the bucket).

Example of using 5 rounds

---

   `Round 1` `Round 2` `Round 3` `Round 4` `Round 5`
   <chr>     <chr>     <chr>     <chr>     <chr>
 1 Win       Win       Win       Win       Win
 2 Win       Win       Win       Win       Draw
 3 Win       Win       Win       Win       Loss
 4 Win       Win       Win       Draw      Draw
 5 Win       Win       Win       Draw      Loss
 6 Win       Win       Win       Loss      Loss
 7 Win       Win       Draw      Draw      Draw
 8 Win       Win       Draw      Draw      Loss
 9 Win       Win       Draw      Loss      Loss
10 Win       Win       Loss      Loss      Loss
11 Win       Draw      Draw      Draw      Draw
12 Win       Draw      Draw      Draw      Loss
13 Win       Draw      Draw      Loss      Loss
14 Win       Draw      Loss      Loss      Loss
15 Win       Loss      Loss      Loss      Loss
16 Draw      Draw      Draw      Draw      Draw
17 Draw      Draw      Draw      Draw      Loss
18 Draw      Draw      Draw      Loss      Loss
19 Draw      Draw      Loss      Loss      Loss
20 Draw      Loss      Loss      Loss      Loss
21 Loss      Loss      Loss      Loss      Loss