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Reformat the rdoc so it renders correctly both locally and on github.
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The current formatting (esp code blocks) looks bad on github and just
stops before the first code block locally.
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zenspider committed Feb 22, 2024
1 parent e17daed commit db0014f
Showing 1 changed file with 98 additions and 106 deletions.
204 changes: 98 additions & 106 deletions doc/en/grammar.en.rdoc
Expand Up @@ -15,48 +15,47 @@ supported: Ruby style (`# ...`) and C style (`/* ... */`).
== Class Block

The class block is formed like this:
--
class CLASS_NAME
[precedence table]
[token declarations]
[expected number of S/R conflict]
[options]
[semantic value conversion]
[start rule]
rule
GRAMMARS
--

class CLASS_NAME
[precedence table]
[token declarations]
[expected number of S/R conflict]
[options]
[semantic value conversion]
[start rule]
rule
GRAMMARS

CLASS_NAME is a name of parser class.
This is the name of generating parser class.

If CLASS_NAME includes '::', Racc outputs module clause.
For example, writing "class M::C" causes creating the code below:
--
module M
class C
:
:

module M
class C
:
:
end
end
end
--

== Grammar Block

The grammar block describes the grammar
to be understood by parser. Syntax is:
--
(token): (token) (token) (token).... (action)

(token): (token) (token) (token).... (action)
| (token) (token) (token).... (action)
| (token) (token) (token).... (action)
--
(token): (token) (token) (token).... (action)

(token): (token) (token) (token).... (action)
| (token) (token) (token).... (action)
| (token) (token) (token).... (action)

(action) is an action which is executed when its (token)s are found.
(action) is a ruby code block, which is surrounded by braces:
--
{ print val[0]
puts val[1] }
--

{ print val[0]
puts val[1] }

Note that you cannot use '%' string, here document, '%r' regexp in action.

Actions can be omitted.
Expand All @@ -66,20 +65,20 @@ A return value of action is a value of left side value ($$).
It is value of result, or returned value by "return" statement.

Here is an example of whole grammar block.
--
rule
goal: definition rules source { result = val }

definition: /* none */ { result = [] }
| definition startdesig { result[0] = val[1] }
| definition
precrule # this line continue from upper line
{
result[1] = val[1]
}

startdesig: START TOKEN
--

rule
goal: definition rules source { result = val }

definition: /* none */ { result = [] }
| definition startdesig { result[0] = val[1] }
| definition
precrule # this line continue from upper line
{
result[1] = val[1]
}

startdesig: START TOKEN

You can use following special local variables in action.

* result ($$)
Expand All @@ -99,63 +98,60 @@ DO NOT MODIFY this stack unless you know what you are doing.

This function is equal to '%prec' in yacc.
To designate this block:
--
prechigh
nonassoc '++'
left '*' '/'
left '+' '-'
right '='
preclow
--

prechigh
nonassoc '++'
left '*' '/'
left '+' '-'
right '='
preclow

`right' is yacc's %right, `left' is yacc's %left.

`=' + (symbol) means yacc's %prec:
--
prechigh
nonassoc UMINUS
left '*' '/'
left '+' '-'
preclow

rule
exp: exp '*' exp
| exp '-' exp
| '-' exp =UMINUS # equals to "%prec UMINUS"
:
:
--

prechigh
nonassoc UMINUS
left '*' '/'
left '+' '-'
preclow

rule
exp: exp '*' exp
| exp '-' exp
| '-' exp =UMINUS # equals to "%prec UMINUS"
:
:

== expect

Racc supports Bison's "expect" directive to declare the expected
number of shift/reduce conflicts.
--
class MyParser
expect 3
rule
:
:
--
Then warnings are issued only when the effective number of conflicts differs.

class MyParser
expect 3
rule
:
:

Then warnings are issued only when the effective number of conflicts differs.

== Declaring Tokens

Declaring tokens avoids many bugs.

Racc outputs warnings for declared tokens that do not exist, or existing tokens not declared.
The syntax is:
--
token TOKEN_NAME AND_IS_THIS
ALSO_THIS_IS AGAIN_AND_AGAIN THIS_IS_LAST
--

token TOKEN_NAME AND_IS_THIS
ALSO_THIS_IS AGAIN_AND_AGAIN THIS_IS_LAST

== Options

You can write options for racc command in your racc file.
--
options OPTION OPTION ...
--

options OPTION OPTION ...

Options are:

* omit_action_call
Expand All @@ -179,32 +175,29 @@ Token symbols are, as default,

You can change this default using a "convert" block.
Here is an example:
--
convert
PLUS 'PlusClass' # We use PlusClass for symbol of `PLUS'
MIN 'MinusClass' # We use MinusClass for symbol of `MIN'
end
--

convert
PLUS 'PlusClass' # We use PlusClass for symbol of `PLUS'
MIN 'MinusClass' # We use MinusClass for symbol of `MIN'
end

We can use almost all ruby value can be used by token symbol,
except 'false' and 'nil'. These are causes unexpected parse error.

If you want to use String as token symbol, special care is required.
For example:
--
convert
class '"cls"' # in code, "cls"
PLUS '"plus\n"' # in code, "plus\n"
MIN "\"minus#{val}\"" # in code, \"minus#{val}\"
end
--

convert
class '"cls"' # in code, "cls"
PLUS '"plus\n"' # in code, "plus\n"
MIN "\"minus#{val}\"" # in code, \"minus#{val}\"
end

== Start Rule

'%start' in yacc. This changes the start symbol.
--
start real_target
--

start real_target

== User Code Block

Expand All @@ -213,14 +206,13 @@ There are three user code blocks, "header" "inner" and "footer".

User code blocks are introduced by four '-' at the beginning of a line,
followed by a single-word name:
--
---- header
ruby statement
ruby statement
ruby statement

---- inner
ruby statement
:
:
--

---- header
ruby statement
ruby statement
ruby statement

---- inner
ruby statement
:
:

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