Copyright (c) 2004-17 Simon Peter probono@puredarwin.org and contributors.
Using AppImageKit you can package desktop applications as AppImages that run on common Linux-based operating systems, such as RHEL, CentOS, Ubuntu, Fedora, Debian and derivatives.
The AppImage format is a format for packaging applications in a way that allows them to run on a variety of different target systems (base operating systems, distributions) without further modification.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AppImage
AppImageKit is a concrete implementation of the AppImage format and provides tools such as appimagetool and appimaged for conveniently handling AppImages.
appimagetool uses a next-generation AppImage format based on squashfs and embeds a runtime for it. appimaged is a daemon that handles registering and unregistering AppImages with the system (e.g., menu entries, icons, MIME types, binary delta updates, and such).
A precompiled version can be found in the last successful Travis CI build, you can get it with:
wget "https://github.com/probonopd/AppImageKit/releases/download/continuous/appimagetool-x86_64.AppImage"
chmod a+x appimagetool-x86_64.AppImage
Usage in a nutshell, assuming that you already have an AppDir in place:
./appimagetool-x86_64.AppImage some.AppDir
Detailed usage:
Usage:
appimagetool [OPTION...] SOURCE [DESTINATION] - Generate, extract, and inspect AppImages
Help Options:
-h, --help Show help options
Application Options:
-l, --list List files in SOURCE AppImage
-u, --updateinformation Embed update information STRING; if zsyncmake is installed, generate zsync file
--bintray-user Bintray user name
--bintray-repo Bintray repository
--version Show version number
-v, --verbose Produce verbose output
-s, --sign Sign with gpg2
-n, --no-appstream Do not check AppStream metadata
If you want to generate an AppImage manually, you can:
mksquashfs Your.AppDir Your.squashfs -root-owned -noappend
cat runtime >> Your.AppImage
cat Your.squashfs >> Your.AppImage
chmod a+x Your.AppImage
appimaged is an optional daemon that watches locations like ~/bin and ~/Downloads for AppImages and if it detects some, registers them with the system, so that they show up in the menu, have their icons show up, MIME types associated, etc. It also unregisters AppImages again from the system if they are deleted. If firejail is installed, it runs the AppImages with it.
A precompiled version can be found in the last successful Travis CI build, you can get it with:
wget "https://github.com/probonopd/AppImageKit/releases/download/continuous/appimaged-x86_64.AppImage"
chmod a+x appimaged-x86_64.AppImage
Usage in a nutshell:
./appimaged-x86_64.AppImage --install
Or, if you are on a deb-based system:
wget -c "https://github.com/probonopd/AppImageKit/releases/download/continuous/appimaged_1.0_amd64.deb"
sudo dpkg -i appimaged_*.deb
systemctl --user enable appimaged
systemctl --user start appimaged
It will register the AppImages in with your system from the following places:
- $HOME/Downloads
- $HOME/.local/bin
- $HOME/bin
- /Applications
- /isodevice/Applications
- /isofrom/Applications
- /run/archiso/img_dev/Applications
- /opt
- /usr/local/bin
Run appimaged -v for increased verbosity.
Detailed usage:
Usage:
appimaged [OPTION...]
Help Options:
-h, --help Show help options
Application Options:
-v, --verbose Be verbose
-i, --install Install this appimaged instance to $HOME
-u, --uninstall Uninstall an appimaged instance from $HOME
--version Show version number
NOTE: It may be necessary to restart (or xkill) dash, nautilus, to recognize new directories that didn't exist prior to the first run of appimaged. Alternatively, it should be sufficient to log out of the session and log in again after having run appimaged once.
If you have AppImageUpdate on your $PATH, then it can also do this neat trick:
Here is an easy way to get the latest AppImageUpdate onto your $PATH:
APP=AppImageUpdate
nodeFileName=$(wget -q "https://bintray.com/package/files/probono/AppImages/$APP?order=desc&sort=fileLastModified&basePath=&tab=files" -O - | grep -e '-x86_64.AppImage">' | cut -d '"' -f 6 | head -n 1)
wget -c "https://bintray.com/$nodeFileName" -O "$APP"
chmod a+x "$APP"
sudo mv "$APP" /usr/local/bin/
NOTE: The AppImage project supplies binaries that application developers can use. These binaries are built using the CentOS 6 Docker on Travis CI build system in this repository. As an application developer, you do not have to use the build system. You only have to use the build systems when contributing to AppImageKit, when needing another architecture than x86_64, or when trying to reproduce our binaries.
On a not too recent Ubuntu:
git clone -b appimagetool/master --single-branch --recursive https://github.com/probonopd/AppImageKit
cd AppImageKit/
sudo bash -ex install-build-deps.sh
bash -ex build.sh