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微信小程序的兼容性问题

除了微信本身的 Bug 之外,微信小程序的兼容性问题主要体现在不同平台的 JavaScript 引擎对标准 API 的支持程度不同造成的。比如 Array.find() 在 Android 7.0 上是支持的,但在 Android 6.0.1 上却不支持。如果你的小程序里使用了这个 API 就引发兼容性问题。更详细的信息可以参阅微信小程序兼容性问题

关于各个平台的标准库支持情况,可以查阅附录

解决方案

在特定平台上,对不支持的 API 使用 polyfill 来实现。

典型地,比如 Array.fill() 函数可以使用 MDN 上的 polyfill 来实现。

作为一次性的解决方案,你可以把 polyfill.js 下载到本机,放在微信小程序指定目录下。在需要使用标准 API 的 JavaScript 文件头部插入如下代码:

import 'path/to/polyfill.js'

这样就会自动给不支持特定 API 的平台打上补丁。

TODO

  • 添加所有不支持 API 的 polyfill 实现
  • 完善其他平台的 API 支持情况
  • 优化 polyfill 代码的执行效率

贡献

贡献代码的同学需要安装 nodejasmine-node 作为开发环境。

  1. polyfill.js 里编写兼容性函数,比如:
if (!String.prototype.startsWith) {
    console.warn('define polyfill for Array.prototype.startsWith');
    String.prototype.startsWith = function (searchString, position) {
      position = position || 0;
      return this.substr(position, searchString.length) === searchString;
  };
}
  1. polyfill.spec.js 里编写单元测试函数,比如:
// 设置为 null 是为了使用 polyfill.js 里定义的函数
String.prototype.startsWith = null;

...

  // 真正的测试例在这
  it('String.startsWith()', () => {
    var s = 'test string';
    expect(s.startsWith('test')).toEqual(true);
    expect(s.startsWith('string')).toEqual(false);
  });

...
  1. 运行 jasmine-node . 进行单元测试
$ jasmine-node .
define polyfill for Array.prototype.findIndex
define polyfill for Array.prototype.fill
define polyfill for String.prototype.startsWith
...

Finished in 0.008 seconds
3 tests, 12 assertions, 0 failures, 0 skipped

PR is welcome.

LICENSE

MIT

附录:不同平台 API 支持情况列表

Component.apiName iOS 10.2 Android 6.0.1 Android 7.0 devtool
Array.toString YES YES YES YES
Array.values YES N/A YES N/A
Array.toLocaleString YES YES YES YES
Array.concat YES YES YES YES
Array.fill YES N/A YES YES
Array.join YES YES YES YES
Array.pop YES YES YES YES
Array.push YES YES YES YES
Array.reverse YES YES YES YES
Array.shift YES YES YES YES
Array.slice YES YES YES YES
Array.sort YES YES YES YES
Array.splice YES YES YES YES
Array.unshift YES YES YES YES
Array.every YES YES YES YES
Array.forEach YES YES YES YES
Array.some YES YES YES YES
Array.indexOf YES YES YES YES
Array.lastIndexOf YES YES YES YES
Array.filter YES YES YES YES
Array.reduce YES YES YES YES
Array.reduceRight YES YES YES YES
Array.map YES YES YES YES
Array.entries YES N/A YES YES
Array.keys YES N/A YES YES
Array.find YES N/A YES YES
Array.findIndex YES N/A YES YES
Array.includes YES N/A N/A YES
Array.copyWithin YES N/A YES YES
Array.constructor YES YES YES YES
Buffer N/A N/A N/A N/A
DataView.getInt8 YES YES YES YES
DataView.getUint8 YES YES YES YES
DataView.getInt16 YES YES YES YES
DataView.getUint16 YES YES YES YES
DataView.getInt32 YES YES YES YES
DataView.getUint32 YES YES YES YES
DataView.getFloat32 YES YES YES YES
DataView.getFloat64 YES YES YES YES
DataView.setInt8 YES YES YES YES
DataView.setUint8 YES YES YES YES
DataView.setInt16 YES YES YES YES
DataView.setUint16 YES YES YES YES
DataView.setInt32 YES YES YES YES
DataView.setUint32 YES YES YES YES
DataView.setFloat32 YES YES YES YES
DataView.setFloat64 YES YES YES YES
DataView.constructor YES YES YES YES
Date.toString YES YES YES YES
Date.toISOString YES YES YES YES
Date.toDateString YES YES YES YES
Date.toTimeString YES YES YES YES
Date.toLocaleString YES YES YES YES
Date.toLocaleDateString YES YES YES YES
Date.toLocaleTimeString YES YES YES YES
Date.valueOf YES YES YES YES
Date.getTime YES YES YES YES
Date.getFullYear YES YES YES YES
Date.getUTCFullYear YES YES YES YES
Date.getMonth YES YES YES YES
Date.getUTCMonth YES YES YES YES
Date.getDate YES YES YES YES
Date.getUTCDate YES YES YES YES
Date.getDay YES YES YES YES
Date.getUTCDay YES YES YES YES
Date.getHours YES YES YES YES
Date.getUTCHours YES YES YES YES
Date.getMinutes YES YES YES YES
Date.getUTCMinutes YES YES YES YES
Date.getSeconds YES YES YES YES
Date.getUTCSeconds YES YES YES YES
Date.getMilliseconds YES YES YES YES
Date.getUTCMilliseconds YES YES YES YES
Date.getTimezoneOffset YES YES YES YES
Date.setTime YES YES YES YES
Date.setMilliseconds YES YES YES YES
Date.setUTCMilliseconds YES YES YES YES
Date.setSeconds YES YES YES YES
Date.setUTCSeconds YES YES YES YES
Date.setMinutes YES YES YES YES
Date.setUTCMinutes YES YES YES YES
Date.setHours YES YES YES YES
Date.setUTCHours YES YES YES YES
Date.setDate YES YES YES YES
Date.setUTCDate YES YES YES YES
Date.setMonth YES YES YES YES
Date.setUTCMonth YES YES YES YES
Date.setFullYear YES YES YES YES
Date.setUTCFullYear YES YES YES YES
Date.setYear YES YES YES YES
Date.getYear YES YES YES YES
Date.toJSON YES YES YES YES
Date.toUTCString YES YES YES YES
Date.toGMTString YES YES YES YES
Date.constructor YES YES YES YES
Error.toString YES YES YES YES
Error.constructor YES YES YES YES
Float32Array.constructor YES YES YES YES
Float64Array.constructor YES YES YES YES
Function.constructor YES YES YES YES
Int16Array.constructor YES YES YES YES
Int32Array.constructor YES YES YES YES
Int8Array.constructor YES YES YES YES
Map.forEach YES N/A YES YES
Map.clear YES N/A YES YES
Map.delete YES N/A YES YES
Map.get YES N/A YES YES
Map.has YES N/A YES YES
Map.set YES N/A YES YES
Map.keys YES N/A YES YES
Map.values YES N/A YES YES
Map.entries YES N/A YES YES
Map.constructor YES N/A YES YES
Math.abs YES YES YES YES
Math.acos YES YES YES YES
Math.asin YES YES YES YES
Math.atan YES YES YES YES
Math.acosh YES N/A YES YES
Math.asinh YES N/A YES YES
Math.atanh YES N/A YES YES
Math.atan2 YES YES YES YES
Math.cbrt YES N/A YES YES
Math.ceil YES YES YES YES
Math.clz32 YES N/A YES YES
Math.cos YES YES YES YES
Math.cosh YES N/A YES YES
Math.exp YES YES YES YES
Math.expm1 YES N/A YES YES
Math.floor YES YES YES YES
Math.fround YES N/A YES YES
Math.hypot YES N/A YES YES
Math.log YES YES YES YES
Math.log10 YES N/A YES YES
Math.log1p YES N/A YES YES
Math.log2 YES N/A YES YES
Math.max YES YES YES YES
Math.min YES YES YES YES
Math.pow YES YES YES YES
Math.random YES YES YES YES
Math.round YES YES YES YES
Math.sign YES N/A YES YES
Math.sin YES YES YES YES
Math.sinh YES N/A YES YES
Math.sqrt YES YES YES YES
Math.tan YES YES YES YES
Math.tanh YES N/A YES YES
Math.trunc YES N/A YES YES
Math.imul YES YES YES YES
Object.toString YES YES YES YES
Object.toLocaleString YES YES YES YES
Object.valueOf YES YES YES YES
Object.hasOwnProperty YES YES YES YES
Object.propertyIsEnumerable YES YES YES YES
Object.isPrototypeOf YES YES YES YES
Object._defineGetter_ YES YES YES YES
Object._defineSetter_ YES YES YES YES
Object._lookupGetter_ YES YES YES YES
Object._lookupSetter_ YES YES YES YES
Object.constructor YES YES YES YES
Promise.then YES YES YES YES
Promise.catch YES YES YES YES
Promise.constructor YES YES YES YES
RegExp.compile YES YES YES YES
RegExp.exec YES YES YES YES
RegExp.toString YES YES YES YES
RegExp.test YES YES YES YES
RegExp.constructor YES YES YES YES
Set.forEach YES N/A YES YES
Set.add YES N/A YES YES
Set.clear YES N/A YES YES
Set.delete YES N/A YES YES
Set.has YES N/A YES YES
Set.entries YES N/A YES YES
Set.values YES N/A YES YES
Set.keys YES N/A YES YES
Set.constructor YES N/A YES YES
String.match YES YES YES YES
String.padStart YES N/A N/A N/A
String.padEnd YES N/A N/A N/A
String.repeat YES N/A YES YES
String.replace YES YES YES YES
String.search YES YES YES YES
String.split YES YES YES YES
String.toString YES YES YES YES
String.valueOf YES YES YES YES
String.charAt YES YES YES YES
String.charCodeAt YES YES YES YES
String.codePointAt YES N/A YES YES
String.concat YES YES YES YES
String.indexOf YES YES YES YES
String.lastIndexOf YES YES YES YES
String.slice YES YES YES YES
String.substr YES YES YES YES
String.substring YES YES YES YES
String.toLowerCase YES YES YES YES
String.toUpperCase YES YES YES YES
String.localeCompare YES YES YES YES
String.toLocaleLowerCase YES YES YES YES
String.toLocaleUpperCase YES YES YES YES
String.big YES YES YES YES
String.small YES YES YES YES
String.blink YES YES YES YES
String.bold YES YES YES YES
String.fixed YES YES YES YES
String.italics YES YES YES YES
String.strike YES YES YES YES
String.sub YES YES YES YES
String.sup YES YES YES YES
String.fontcolor YES YES YES YES
String.fontsize YES YES YES YES
String.anchor YES YES YES YES
String.link YES YES YES YES
String.trim YES YES YES YES
String.trimLeft YES YES YES YES
String.trimRight YES YES YES YES
String.startsWith YES N/A YES YES
String.endsWith YES N/A YES YES
String.includes YES N/A YES YES
String.normalize YES YES YES YES
String.constructor YES YES YES YES
Symbol.toString YES N/A YES YES
Symbol.valueOf YES N/A N/A YES
Symbol.constructor YES N/A YES YES
TypeError.toString YES N/A N/A YES
TypeError.constructor YES YES YES YES
Uint16Array.constructor YES YES YES YES
Uint32Array.constructor YES YES YES YES
Uint8Array.constructor YES YES YES YES
Uint8ClampedArray.constructor YES YES YES YES
WeakMap.delete YES YES YES YES
WeakMap.get YES YES YES YES
WeakMap.has YES YES YES YES
WeakMap.set YES YES YES YES
WeakMap.constructor YES YES YES YES

目前平台数据还不全,比如 Android 5.0 就没有相应的数据。愿意贡献数据的同学请发信给我,只要打开一个微信小程序,点个按钮即可。

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