Some scripts tweaked from https://github.com/JeffreyPowell, and many others created by me.
Also there are CAD drawings and PCB layouts to build the electrical parts.
Eventually you will have a Raspberry Pi that:
- controls (for example) a heater
- measures and logs your electric power consumption
- measures and logs numerous temperatures
- measures and logs wind direction and speed
- measures and logs rain
- presents it all via web GUI with some nice graphs
- also presents it on LCD displays
- can export logs to (spreadsheet or) csv
Let's start it all by
Download 'Raspberry Pi OS Lite' from https://www.raspberrypi.com/software/operating-systems/
Cd to where your download is and unpack it
$ unzip *-raspios-buster-armhf-lite.zip
Insert SD-card and find out drive letter
$ dmesg
For example /dev/mmcblk0 or /dev/sdb
Unmount if mounted
$ umount /dev/mmcblk0p1
Write image to SD-card
$ sudo dd bs=4M if=<version>-raspios-buster-armhf-lite.img of=/dev/<device> conv=fsync status=progress
1870659584 bytes (1,9 GB, 1,7 GiB) copied, 105 s, 17,8 MB/s
447+0 records in
447+0 records out
1874853888 bytes (1,9 GB, 1,7 GiB) copied, 139,716 s, 13,4 MB/s
Remove SD-card and insert it again to make new partitions visible
Mount the first partition
$ sudo mount /dev/<device>1 /mnt/tmp
Write empty file to boot partition to enable ssh at boot
$ sudo touch /mnt/tmp/ssh
Remove SD-card and insert it in a RPi connected to your local network and boot it up
If you can't locate the IP, here's a little tutorial
First find your subnet
$ ip -o -f inet addr show | awk '/scope global/ {print $4}'
You will get something like
192.168.10.39/24
where the first of is your ip, and the second is the netmask
Now scan your local network for hosts
$ nmap -snP 192.168.10.0/24
where the first is your subnet, and the last is the netmask
Try to figure out which is your RPi from the output
If you haven't already, create a keypair
$ ssh-keygen ~/.ssh/id_rsa
Copy the public key to RPi
$ ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub pi@<IP>
$ ssh <IP> -l pi
Login with user: pi and password:raspberry
Update
$ sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade && sudo apt autoremove
Configure
$ sudo raspi-config
- 1 S3 Change password
- 1 S4 Change hostname
- 3 P7 Enable 1-wire at boot
- 4 P2 Set GPU memory to 16
- 5 L1 Set locales (I chose en_GB.UTF-8 and sv_SE.UTF-8, setting en_GB.UTF-8 as default)
- 5 L2 Set time zone
- 5 L3 Choose keyboard layout (not necessary if you only connect by ssh)
- 5 L4 Set wifi country
- 6 A1 Expand file system to use whole SD-card
Reboot to set new options
$ sudo reboot && exit
Now it's time to:
Connect to the RPi again
Install git, if you haven't already
$ sudo apt install git -y
Make sure you're in pi's home directory
$ cd /home/pi
Download source files
$ git clone https://github.com/jonsag/pi-heating.git
Go to the newly downloaded directory
$ cd pi-heating
and run the install script
$ sudo ./install.sh
The script will ask you many questions, and you will have some options on each:
- Click enter to accept the default 'yes'
- Enter 'n' or 'N' to decline
- Enter 'h' or 'H' to view the help explanation
Also you will have to answer some questions during the installs themselves, especially when MariaDB is installed.
In a browser, go to
http://<IP>:8080/status.php
Click
Input Sensors
and then
Scan for new sensors
After scanning click
Done
Click
Output Devices
Click
Add new
Click
Edit
on the new one just added.
Fill in all the fields and then click
Save
and then
Done
twice.
Note: Pin numbers are used, NOT GPIO numbers.
If using the piHeatingLCD hat, the one output device is at GPIO15, pin 10, and it it active HIGH, so you would set H/L to 1.
Follow further instructions under piHeatingLCD
After connecting Dallas temperature sensors,
find 1-wire devices serial numbers
$ ls /sys/bus/w1/devices/
Edit
/home/pi/bin/piHeatingRemote/configs/sensors
and insert serials and names, for example
28-0516b4ff09ff = Out
To see value
$ cat /sys/bus/w1/devices/28-0416c1ec26ff/w1_slave
See how many devices added
$ curl localhost:8081/count.php && echo
See names
$ curl localhost:8081/name.php?id=1 && echo
change id=1 to id=2 etc
See values
$ curl localhost:8081/value.php?id=1 && echo
The LCD and buttons will work if:
- you have a schedule that always keep a low temperature
- you have a second schedule that pulls up the temperature at certain times
- you have a single mode that pulls up the temperature
- you have a single timer that pulls up the temperature
Build according to files in
Documents/piHeatingLCD
In a browser, go to
http://<IP>:8080/status.php
Log in with user 'admin' and the password you set up during the hub installation.
Add the sensor that will measure the temperature that will be regulated.
Click
Input Sensors
Scan for new sensors
When sensor is found, click
Done
Add the device that will control the heater.
Click
Output Devices
Click
Add new
Click
Edit
on the newly added device.
Set
Name: <name>
GPIO Pin: 10
Pin Active H/L: <if you use the NO, then this should be 1>
Click
Save
Done
Done
This mode will pull up the temperature to the higher level indefinitely.
Click
Modes
Add new
Click
Edit
on the newly added mode, and set
Name: <name>
, for example 'Warm' to indicate it will be used to pull up the temperature.
Then click
Done
This timer will be used to pull up the temperature for a certain amount of time.
Click
Timers
Add new
Ón the newly created timer, click
Edit
Set
Name: <name for the timer, for example 'Warm 6 hrs'>
Duration: <the duration the timer will be active, in minutes,for example '360'>
, then click
Save
Done
Done
The first schedule will pull up the temperature once, or several times, a week.
Click
Schedules
Add new
Click
Edit
on the newly created schedule.
Enter
Name: <name, for example 'Weekly meeting'>
Start time: <some time before the temperature must be reached>
End time: <the time when the temperature can start dropping>
Repeat schedule every: <the day in question>
When sensors: <sensor created earlier> IS LESS THAN <the high temperature you want to maintain>
AND Timers: <timer previously added> STOPPED
Activate Devices:<mark the device you created before>
AND Modes: <mode previously added> OFF
Click
Save
Done
The second schedule will use the mode created earlier to pull up the temperature indefinitely
Add another timer as before and enter
Name: <name, for example 'Warm'>
Start time: 00:00:00
End time: 23:59:59
Repeat schedule every: <mark all weekdays>
When sensors: <sensor created earlier> IS LESS THAN <the high temperature you want to maintain>
AND Timers: <timer previously added> (IS IGNORED)
Activate Devices: <mark the device you created before>
AND Modes: <mode previously added> ON
Click
Save
Done
The third schedule will use the timer created earlier to pull up the temperature the time set
Add another timer as before and enter
Name: <name, for example 'Warm, 6 hrs'>
Start time: 00:00:00
End time: 23:59:59
Repeat schedule every: <mark all weekdays>
When sensors: <sensor created earlier> IS LESS THAN <the high temperature you want to maintain>
AND Timers: <timer previously added> RUNNING
Activate Devices: <mark the device you created before>
AND Modes: <mode previously added> (IS IGNORED)
Click
Save
Done
The fourth, and last, schedule will keep the temperature low at all other times
Add another schedule as before and enter
Name: <name, for example 'Cold'>
Start time: 00:00:00
End time: 23:59:59
Repeat schedule every: <mark all weekdays>
When sensors: <sensor created earlier> IS LESS THAN <the low temperature you want to maintain>
AND Timers: <timer previously added> STOPPED
Activate Devices: <mark the device you created before>
AND Modes: <mode previously added> OFF
Click
Save
Done
Done
Calculate burden resistor for your current clamp
$ python resistor.py <resistance> <tolerance>
The LCD screen stays dark, unless pressing a button.
- Button 1: Shows status
- Button 2: Toggles mode, heats indefinitely
- Button 3: Toggles timer, heats for set time
- Button 4: Cancels both mode and timer
If you install on Raspberry Pi rev 1, you must edit
piHeatingLCD/config.ini
Change line from
lcd_d6 = 27
to
lcd_d6 = 21
Build according to files in
Documents/ardPowerTempLog
This build requires an ethernet shield.
Build according to files in
Documents/ardWeatherLog
Connect the Arduino Weather Sensor to RPi
Find out tty-device
$ dmesg | grep tty
Probably named something like '/dev/ttyACM0'
If not, edit
/var/www/piWeatherLog/weather.php
Change line
$serial->deviceSet("/dev/ttyACM0");
In file
/home/pi/bin/piWeatherLog/cron/bootWrapper.sh
change lines
stty -F /dev/ttyACM0 cs8 9600 ign...
and
screen -d -m -S init /dev/ttyACM0 9600
so it matches the output from dmesg command
For all electrical builds there are CAD files for each project under 'Documentation'.
Not all have finished PCB etch masks available as pdf.
If you like to make some yourself, install KiCad (https://www.kicad.org) and just make them.
I have made all as single layer PCBs myself, but just go ahead and route some double layered ones.
If you don't want to make them them yourself, I can recommend JLCPCB (https://jlcpcb.com), reasonably fast and very cheap.
This build also require some current clamps.
I use three of these.
If you go with other ones you will have to adapt your resistor values accordingly.
Also, of course, you will need some DS18B20 1-wire temperature sensors.
Other ones will also do, but then check what library and settings you use in the Arduino sketch.
I have soldered cables directly to the pins, and connected it to a phono plug.
Then you will need some device to catch the blinks on your power meter.
I use an ordinary ethernet cable to connect the Arduino to the weather sensors.
The sensors are some devices I got from a cheap weather station.
I just tossed the LCD that went with it.
Install Arduino IDE from https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Software
$ mv arduino-.tar.xz ~/bin
$ cd ~/bin
$ tar -xvJf arduino-.tar.xz
$ cd arduino-*
$ ./install.sh
Copy directory Average to your Arduino/libraries directory
Executables installed in
/home/pi/bin
Web GUI installed in
/var/www
Apache site configurations in
/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/
Apache listen directives in
/etc/apache2/ports.conf
Gpio service installed at
/lib/systemd/system/gpio.service
Extended boot parameters in
/boot/config.txt
Database at
/var/lib/mysql/piHeatingDB
Cron jobs in
/etc/cron.d/piHeating
/etc/cron.d/piPowerTempLog
piHeatingHub
- executables installs in /home/pi/bin/piHeatingHub
- www installs in /var/www/piHeatingHub
- runs on port 8080
- mysql setup creates password, and stores credentials /home/pi/bin/piHeatingHub/config/config.ini
- secure install creates password for user 'admin', and stores it in /home/pi/bin/piHeatingHub/.htpasswd
- runs cron job at /home/pi/bin/piHeatingHub/cron/wrapper.sh every minute
piHeatingRemote
- executables installs in /home/pi/bin/piHeatingRemote
- www installs in /var/www/piHeatingRemote
- runs on port 8081
piHeatingLCD
- executables installs in /home/pi/bin/piHeatingLCD
- requires gpio-watch
- requires Adafruit Char LCD
piPowerTempLog
- executables installs in /home/pi/bin/piPowerTempLog
- www installs in /var/www/piPowerTempLog
- runs on port 8082
- runs cron job at /home/pi/bin/piPowerTempLog/cron/wrapper.sh every 2 minutes
piWeatherLog
- executables installs in /home/pi/bin/piWeatherLog
- www installs in /var/www/piWeatherLog
- runs on port 8083
- runs cron job at /home/pi/bin/piWeatherLog/cron/wrapper.sh every 2 minutes
Hub:
Pi heating hub status page: http://<IP>:8080/status.php
Remote:
Sensors count: http://<IP>:8081/count.php
Sensor name for sensor #1: http://<IP>:8081/name.php?id=1
Sensor value for sensor #1: http://<IP>:8081/value.php?id=1
Power log:
Main page: http://<IP>:8082
Weather log:
Main page: http://<IP>:8083/weather.php
Below is only for my testing during development
Use with caution!
Upload source
$ rsync -avz --delete . pi@192.168.10.52:pi-heating/
Upload piPowerTempLog www
$ rsync -avz . pi@192.168.10.52:/var/www/piPowerTempLog && ssh pi@192.168.10.52 "sudo chown pi:www-data /var/www/piPowerTempLog -R && sudo chmod 755 /var/www/piPowerTempLog/*.php"
Upload piHeatingHub www
$ rsync -avz . pi@192.168.10.52:/var/www/piHeatingHub && ssh pi@192.168.10.52 "sudo chown pi:www-data /var/www/piHeatingHub -R && sudo chmod 755 /var/www/piHeatingHub/*.php"
View gpio.service
$ cat /lib/systemd/system/gpio.service
View gpio script
$ cat /home/pi/bin/piHeatingLCD/gpio-scripts
View gpio-watch log
$ tail -f ~/bin/piHeatingLCD/gpio-watch.log
Test LCD
$ /home/pi/bin/piHeatingLCD/print-to-lcd.py -1 test1 -2 test2
Simulate Button 1 press
View config file
$ cat /home/pi/bin/piHeatingHub/config/config.ini
Login to database
$ mysql -u pi -p$(cat /home/pi/bin/piHeatingHub/config/config.ini | grep password | awk '{ print $3 }') piHeatingDB
using password from the above config
Change ip on sensor
$ UPDATE sensors SET ip = 'new ip' WHERE ip = 'old ip';
Set values for tty communications
$ stty -F /dev/ttyACM0 cs8 9600 ignbrk -brkint -imaxbel -opost -onlcr -isig -icanon -iexten -echo -echoe -echok -echoctl -echoke noflsh -ixon -crtscts
Show sensor ids
$ ls /sys/bus/w1/devices/
Connect to arduino with screen:
$ screen /dev/ttyACM0 9600 -S <session name>
To get screen command prompt, enter
[C-a] :
Then type
quit
and [Return]
or from outside of screen
$ screen -XS <session name> quit
Kill screen with ^ak or control-a k