daily-dev-cheatsheet

Aggregation of some cheatsheets I use on a daily basis

Git - https://training.github.com/downloads/github-git-cheat-sheet/

Configure tooling

Configure user information for all local repositories

$ git config --global user.name "[name]"

Sets the name you want attached to your commit transactions

$ git config --global user.email "[email address]"

Sets the email you want attached to your commit transactions

$ git config --global color.ui auto

Enables helpful colorization of command line output

Branches

Branches are an important part of working with Git. Any commits you make will be made on the branch you’re currently “checked out” to. Use git status to see which branch that is.

$ git branch [branch-name]

Creates a new branch

$ git checkout [branch-name]

Switches to the specified branch and updates the working directory

$ git merge [branch]

Combines the specified branch’s history into the current branch. This is usually done in pull requests, but is an important Git operation.

$ git branch -d [branch-name]

Deletes the specified branch

Create repositories

When starting out with a new repository, you only need to do it once; either locally, then push to GitHub, or by cloning an existing repository.

$ git init

After using the git init command, link the local repository to an empty GitHub repository using the following command:

$ git remote add origin [url]

Turn an existing directory into a Git repository

$ git clone [url]

Clone (download) a repository that already exists on GitHub, including all of the files, branches, and commits

The .gitignore file Sometimes it may be a good idea to exclude files from being tracked with Git. This is typically done in a special file named .gitignore. You can find helpful templates for .gitignore files at github.com/github/gitignore.

Synchronize changes

Synchronize your local repository with the remote repository on GitHub.com

$ git fetch

Downloads all history from the remote tracking branches

$ git merge

Combines remote tracking branches into current local branch

$ git push

Uploads all local branch commits to GitHub

$ git pull

Updates your current local working branch with all new commits from the corresponding remote branch on GitHub. git pull is a combination of git fetch and git merge

Make changes

Browse and inspect the evolution of project files

$ git log

Lists version history for the current branch

$ git log --follow [file]

Lists version history for a file, including renames

$ git diff [first-branch]...[second-branch]

Shows content differences between two branches

$ git show [commit]

Outputs metadata and content changes of the specified commit

$ git add [file]

Snapshots the file in preparation for versioning

$ git commit -m "[descriptive message]"

Records file snapshots permanently in version history

Redo commits

Erase mistakes and craft replacement history

$ git reset [commit]

Undoes all commits after [commit], preserving changes locally

$ git reset --hard [commit]

Discards all history and changes back to the specified commit

Vim - https://github.com/rstacruz/cheatsheets/blob/master/vim.mde

General Vim Tips: http://zzapper.co.uk/vimtips.html

Exiting

Shortcut	Description
:qa	Close all files
:qa!	Close all files, abandon changes
---	---
:w	Save
:wq / :x	Save and close file
---	---
:q	Close file
:q!	Close file, abandon changes
---	---
ZZ	Save and quit
ZQ	Quit without checking changes

Navigating

Shortcut	Description
h j k l	Arrow keys
<C-U> / <C-D>	Half-page up/down
<C-B> / <C-F>	Page up/down

Words

Shortcut	Description
b / w	Previous/next word
ge / e	Previous/next end of word

Line

Shortcut	Description
0 (zero)	Start of line
^	Start of line (after whitespace)
$	End of line

Character

| fc | Go forward to character c | | Fc | Go backward to character c |

Document

Shortcut	Description
gg	First line
G	Last line
:n	Go to line n
nG	Go to line n

Window

Shortcut	Description
zz	Center this line
zt	Top this line
zb	Bottom this line
H	Move to top of screen
M	Move to middle of screen
L	Move to bottom of screen

Search

Shortcut	Description
n	Next matching search pattern
N	Previous match
*	Next whole word under cursor
#	Previous whole word under cursor

Tab pages

Shortcut	Description
:tabedit [file]	Edit file in a new tab
:tabfind [file]	Open file if exists in new tab
:tabclose	Close current tab
:tabs	List all tabs
:tabfirst	Go to first tab
:tablast	Go to last tab
:tabn	Go to next tab
:tabp	Go to previous tab

Editing

Shortcut	Description
a	Append
A	Append from end of line
i	Insert
o	Next line
O	Previous line
---	---
s	Delete char and insert
S	Delete line and insert
C	Delete until end of line and insert
---	---
r	Replace one character
R	Enter Replace mode
---	---
u	Undo changes
<C-R>	Redo changes

Exiting insert mode

Shortcut	Description
Esc / <C-[>	Exit insert mode
<C-C>	Exit insert mode, and abort current command

Clipboard

Shortcut	Description
x	Delete character
---	---
dd	Delete line (Cut)
yy	Yank line (Copy)
---	---
p	Paste
P	Paste before
---	---
"*p / "+p	Paste from system clipboard
"*y / "+y	Paste to system clipboard

Visual mode

Shortcut	Description
v	Enter visual mode
V	Enter visual line mode
<C-V>	Enter visual block mode

In visual mode

Shortcut	Description
d / x	Delete selection
s	Replace selection
y	Yank selection (Copy)
{: .-shortcuts}

See Operators for other things you can do.

Operators

Usage

Operators let you operate in a range of text (defined by motion). These are performed in normal mode. {: .-setup}

| d | w | | Operator | Motion |

Operators list

Shortcut	Description
d	Delete
y	Yank (copy)
c	Change (delete then insert)
---	---
>	Indent right
<	Indent left
=	Autoindent
---	---
g~	Swap case
gU	Uppercase
gu	Lowercase
---	---
!	Filter through external program

See :help operator

Examples

Combine operators with motions to use them.

Shortcut	Description
dd	(repeat the letter) Delete current line
dw	Delete to next word
db	Delete to beginning of word
2dd	Delete 2 lines
dip	Delete a text object (inside paragraph)
(in visual mode) d	Delete selection

See: :help motion.txt

Text objects

Usage

Text objects let you operate (with an operator) in or around text blocks (objects). {: .-setup}

| v | i | p | | Operator | [i]nside or [a]round | Text object | {: .-css-breakdown}

Text objects

Shortcut	Description
p	Paragraph
w	Word
s	Sentence
---	---
[ ( { <	A [], (), or {} block
' " `	A quoted string
---	---
b	A block [(
B	A block in [{
t	A XML tag block
{: .-shortcuts}

Examples

Shortcut	Description
vip	Select paragraph
vipipipip	Select more
---	---
yip	Yank inner paragraph
yap	Yank paragraph (including newline)
---	---
dip	Delete inner paragraph
cip	Change inner paragraph

See Operators for other things you can do.

Diff

Shortcut	Description
gvimdiff file1 file2 [file3]	See differences between files, in HMI

Misc

Folds

Shortcut	Description
zo / zO	Open
zc / zC	Close
za / zA	Toggle
---	---
zv	Open folds for this line
---	---
zM	Close all
zR	Open all
---	---
zm	Fold more (foldlevel += 1)
zr	Fold less (foldlevel -= 1)
---	---
zx	Update folds

Uppercase ones are recursive (eg, zO is open recursively).

Navigation

Shortcut	Description
%	Nearest/matching {[()]}
[( [{ [<	Previous ( or { or <
])	Next
---	---
[m	Previous method start
[M	Previous method end

Jumping

Shortcut	Description
<C-O>	Go back to previous location
<C-I>	Go forward
---	---
gf	Go to file in cursor

Counters

Shortcut	Description
<C-A>	Increment number
<C-X>	Decrement

Windows

| z{height}<Cr> | Resize pane to {height} lines tall |

Tags

Shortcut	Description
:tag Classname	Jump to first definition of Classname
---	---
<C-]>	Jump to definition
g]	See all definitions
<C-T>	Go back to last tag
<C-O> <C-I>	Back/forward
---	---
:tselect Classname	Find definitions of Classname
:tjump Classname	Find definitions of Classname (auto-select 1st)
{: .-shortcuts}

Case

Shortcut	Description
~	Toggle case (Case => cASE)
gU	Uppercase
gu	Lowercase
---	---
gUU	Uppercase current line (also gUgU)
guu	Lowercase current line (also gugu)
{: .-shortcuts}

Do these in visual or normal mode.

Marks

Shortcut	Description
`^	Last position of cursor in insert mode
`.	Last change in current buffer
`"	Last exited current buffer
`0	In last file edited
''	Back to line in current buffer where jumped from
``	Back to position in current buffer where jumped from
`[	To beginning of previously changed or yanked text
`]	To end of previously changed or yanked text
`<	To beginning of last visual selection
`>	To end of last visual selection
---	---
ma	Mark this cursor position as a
`a	Jump to the cursor position a
'a	Jump to the beginning of the line with position a
d'a	Delete from current line to line of mark a
d`a	Delete from current position to position of mark a
c'a	Change text from current line to line of a
y`a	Yank text from current position to position of a
---	---
:marks	List all current marks
:delm a	Delete mark a
:delm a-d	Delete marks a, b, c, d
:delm abc	Delete marks a, b, c

Misc

Shortcut	Description
.	Repeat last command
]p	Paste under the current indentation level
---	---
:set ff=unix	Convert Windows line endings to Unix line endings

Command line

Shortcut	Description
<C-R><C-W>	Insert current word into the command line
<C-R>"	Paste from " register
<C-X><C-F>	Auto-completion of path in insert mode

Text alignment

:center [width]
:right [width]
:left

See :help formatting

Calculator

Shortcut	Description
<C-R>=128/2	Shows the result of the division : '64'

Do this in insert mode.

Exiting with an error

:cq
:cquit

Works like :qa, but throws an error. Great for aborting Git commands.

Spell checking

Shortcut	Description
:set spell spelllang=en_us	Turn on US English spell checking
]s	Move to next misspelled word after the cursor
[s	Move to previous misspelled word before the cursor
z=	Suggest spellings for the word under/after the cursor
zg	Add word to spell list
zw	Mark word as bad/mispelling
zu / C-X (Insert Mode)	Suggest words for bad word under cursor from spellfile
{: .-shortcuts}

See :help spell

Tmux - https://gist.github.com/MohamedAlaa/2961058

start new:

tmux

start new with session name:

tmux new -s myname

attach:

tmux a  #  (or at, or attach)

attach to named:

tmux a -t myname

list sessions:

tmux ls

kill session:

tmux kill-session -t myname

Kill all the tmux sessions:

tmux ls | grep : | cut -d. -f1 | awk '{print substr($1, 0, length($1)-1)}' | xargs kill

In tmux, hit the prefix ctrl+b (my modified prefix is ctrl+a) and then:

List all shortcuts

to see all the shortcuts keys in tmux simply use the bind-key ? in my case that would be CTRL-B ?

Sessions

:new<CR>  new session
s  list sessions
$  name session

Windows (tabs)

c  create window
w  list windows
n  next window
p  previous window
f  find window
,  name window
&  kill window

Panes (splits)

%  vertical split
"  horizontal split

o  swap panes
q  show pane numbers
x  kill pane
+  break pane into window (e.g. to select text by mouse to copy)
-  restore pane from window
⍽  space - toggle between layouts
<prefix> q (Show pane numbers, when the numbers show up type the key to goto that pane)
<prefix> { (Move the current pane left)
<prefix> } (Move the current pane right)
<prefix> z toggle pane zoom

Sync Panes

You can do this by switching to the appropriate window, typing your Tmux prefix (commonly Ctrl-B or Ctrl-A) and then a colon to bring up a Tmux command line, and typing:

:setw synchronize-panes

You can optionally add on or off to specify which state you want; otherwise the option is simply toggled. This option is specific to one window, so it won’t change the way your other sessions or windows operate. When you’re done, toggle it off again by repeating the command. tip source

Resizing Panes

You can also resize panes if you don’t like the layout defaults. I personally rarely need to do this, though it’s handy to know how. Here is the basic syntax to resize panes:

PREFIX : resize-pane -D (Resizes the current pane down)
PREFIX : resize-pane -U (Resizes the current pane upward)
PREFIX : resize-pane -L (Resizes the current pane left)
PREFIX : resize-pane -R (Resizes the current pane right)
PREFIX : resize-pane -D 20 (Resizes the current pane down by 20 cells)
PREFIX : resize-pane -U 20 (Resizes the current pane upward by 20 cells)
PREFIX : resize-pane -L 20 (Resizes the current pane left by 20 cells)
PREFIX : resize-pane -R 20 (Resizes the current pane right by 20 cells)
PREFIX : resize-pane -t 2 20 (Resizes the pane with the id of 2 down by 20 cells)
PREFIX : resize-pane -t -L 20 (Resizes the pane with the id of 2 left by 20 cells)

Copy mode:

Pressing PREFIX [ places us in Copy mode. We can then use our movement keys to move our cursor around the screen. By default, the arrow keys work. we set our configuration file to use Vim keys for moving between windows and resizing panes so we wouldn’t have to take our hands off the home row. tmux has a vi mode for working with the buffer as well. To enable it, add this line to .tmux.conf:

setw -g mode-keys vi

With this option set, we can use h, j, k, and l to move around our buffer.

To get out of Copy mode, we just press the ENTER key. Moving around one character at a time isn’t very efficient. Since we enabled vi mode, we can also use some other visible shortcuts to move around the buffer.

For example, we can use "w" to jump to the next word and "b" to jump back one word. And we can use "f", followed by any character, to jump to that character on the same line, and "F" to jump backwards on the line.

   Function                vi             emacs
   Back to indentation     ^              M-m
   Clear selection         Escape         C-g
   Copy selection          Enter          M-w
   Cursor down             j              Down
   Cursor left             h              Left
   Cursor right            l              Right
   Cursor to bottom line   L
   Cursor to middle line   M              M-r
   Cursor to top line      H              M-R
   Cursor up               k              Up
   Delete entire line      d              C-u
   Delete to end of line   D              C-k
   End of line             $              C-e
   Goto line               :              g
   Half page down          C-d            M-Down
   Half page up            C-u            M-Up
   Next page               C-f            Page down
   Next word               w              M-f
   Paste buffer            p              C-y
   Previous page           C-b            Page up
   Previous word           b              M-b
   Quit mode               q              Escape
   Scroll down             C-Down or J    C-Down
   Scroll up               C-Up or K      C-Up
   Search again            n              n
   Search backward         ?              C-r
   Search forward          /              C-s
   Start of line           0              C-a
   Start selection         Space          C-Space
   Transpose chars                        C-t

Misc

d  detach
t  big clock
?  list shortcuts
:  prompt

Configurations Options:

# Mouse support - set to on if you want to use the mouse
* setw -g mode-mouse off
* set -g mouse-select-pane off
* set -g mouse-resize-pane off
* set -g mouse-select-window off

# Set the default terminal mode to 256color mode
set -g default-terminal "screen-256color"

# enable activity alerts
setw -g monitor-activity on
set -g visual-activity on

# Center the window list
set -g status-justify centre

# Maximize and restore a pane
unbind Up bind Up new-window -d -n tmp \; swap-pane -s tmp.1 \; select-window -t tmp
unbind Down
bind Down last-window \; swap-pane -s tmp.1 \; kill-window -t tmp

Resources:

• tmux: Productive Mouse-Free Development
• How to reorder windows