txuvaix

Stem classes

• N-RADIO:

  • (Russian) loanwords ending in -о with underlying {в}
  • The final -о does not reduce
  • The {в} only appears in the third person possessive forms
  • Second person singular is радю not *радию/*радиу

• N-TU:

  • Words with an underlying {в}
  • Stem vowel reduces before some suffixes, e.g. ту--тӑва

• N-SUPĂN:

  • Words which have a locative in -рA in addition to -тA.
  • Words which have an ablative in -рAн in addition to -тAн.

• N-VLAŞ:

  • Two nominative stems, -ҫ and -сть
  • Oblique is always -ҫ

• N-ĔŞ:

  • Extra 2nd person singular + dative in -нA in addition to -U(н)-нA

• N-ANNE:

  • The word "анне" mother
  • Irregular possessive forms

• N-ATTE:

  • The word "атте" father
  • Irregular possessive forms

• N-ATTEANNE:

  • The word "атте-анне" parents
  • Irregular possessive forms

Archiphonemes

"Diacritics"

• {ь} — force front harmony
• {ъ} — force back harmony
• {☭} — loanword phonology

3rd person possessive

Underlying form: >{и}{н}

Rules:

• {и} deletes stem vowel and surfaces as и
• {и} surfaces as ӗ after consonant
• Final consonant clusters are simplified -лл → -л, -сс → -с

TODO

Final vowel in платье does not reduce

+	платье<n><px1sg><nom>		платьем	
+	училище<n><px1sg><nom>		училищӗм

Epenthetic {н} does not appear after 2nd person possessive

-	анне<n><px2sg><loc>	анн{ь}>{U}{н}>{T}{A}	аннӳре	!= аннӳнте	
-	анне<n><px2sg><abl>	анн{ь}>{U}{н}>{T}{A}н	аннӳрен	!= аннӳнтен

Final unstressed vowels in Russian loanwords should probably be dealt with via a special symbol instead of by a separate archiphoneme for each vowel.

The reason why it has been done with a separate archiphoneme so far is for vowel harmony purposes. Deleted surface vowels do not effect vowel harmony rules, but in the case of these kinds they should, e.g.

-	министерство<n><gen>	министерство{↓}>{Ă}н	министерствӑн	министерствӗн

If the surface о /ă/ is deleted then the ord gets front harmony from the stressed /e/.

One possibility is to mark the Russian loans with the {☭} and with a symbol for stressed (or unstressed) vowel and then have the phonology treat these differently. e.g. either:

• министерство{↓}{☭}>{Ă}н, пальто{☭}>{Ă}н, or:
• министерство{☭}>{Ă}н, пальто%{'%}{☭}>{Ă}н