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# Python Complex() | ||
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`complex()` is a built-in function in Python 3 that hanldles the creation of a [complex number](https://www.mathsisfun.com/numbers/complex-numbers.html) according to the arguments passed. It returns a complex number with the value `real + imag*1j` when called in form of `complex(real, imag)` or converts a string or number to a complex number. | ||
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## Arguments and Return Values | ||
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This function takes two types of arguments which are discussed below : | ||
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#### Numeric Arguments | ||
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When called with two arguments, both being numbers of any numeric type (including complex), this function returns a complex number using both arguments. | ||
`complex(x, y)` function returns a complex number with the value `x + y*1j` | ||
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```python | ||
>>> complex(3, 2) | ||
(3+2j) | ||
>>> complex(3+4j, 6) | ||
(3+10j) | ||
``` | ||
When called with one numeric argument, it returns a complex number using the argument as the real part and an imaginary part of zero. | ||
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```python | ||
>>> complex(4) | ||
(4+0j) | ||
``` | ||
If called with no arguments, it returns a complex zero. | ||
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```python | ||
>>> complex() | ||
0j | ||
``` | ||
#### String Argument | ||
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If the first argument is a string, it will be interpreted as a *complex number* and the function must be called without a second parameter. It will return the interpreted complex number. | ||
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```python | ||
>>> complex('3+4j') | ||
(3+4j) | ||
``` | ||
The string must be in the form of a valid complex number, otherwise the function will raise a `ValueError` exception and it must not contain whitespace around the central + or - operator. For example, `complex('1+2j')` is fine, but `complex('1 + 2j')` raises `ValueError`. | ||
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## Examples | ||
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```python | ||
print(complex(4, 5)) # prints (4+5j) | ||
print(complex(6)) # prints (6+0j) | ||
print(complex()) # prints 0j | ||
print(complex(2.5,5)) # prints (2.5+5j) | ||
print(complex(5,6+8j)) # prints (-3+6j) as 5+(6+8j)*1j = -3+6j | ||
print(complex('10+20j')) # prints (10+20j) | ||
``` | ||
:rocket: [Run Code](https://repl.it/CTGi/3) | ||
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[Official Documentation](https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#complex) |