Tpetra Solver and Preconditioner wrappers

[jpthiele]

This is to track a subset of #15979 namely the direct solvers from Amesos2, the iterative solvers from Belos and the preconditioners from Ifpack2 (and maybe other packages)

All these packages provide factories that return a subclass with an actual implementation given its name,
e.g. Amesos2.create("MUMPS",....).

Due to this the general structure is as follows:

• A base class, e.g. SolverDirectBase that implements all the actual solve/vmult/apply functions with the respective Tpetra base class
• A general subclass, e.g. SolverDirect that allows the user to pass the solver name as well as a Teuchos::ParameterList for full control and support for everything the actual Trilinos installation provides
• Specific subclasses for the most commonly used solvers and preconditions with individual AdditionalData objects
  that expose the most useful parameters (or all).

So for tracking purposes

• SolverDirectBase
  • implemented
  • merged
• SolverDirect
  • implemented
  • merged
• PreconditionBase
  • implemented
  • merged
• Precondition
  • implemented
  • merged
• SolverIterativeBase
  • implemented
  • merged
• SolverIterative
  • implemented
  • merged

[jpthiele]

In addition we will need conversion functions to use the solvers with built-in Vector classes

• Vector<Number> to LinearAlgebra::TpetraWrappers::Vector<Number>
• LinearAlgebra::distributed::Vector<Number> to LinearAlgebra::TpetraWrappers::Vector<Number>