Intel.Letto

An intelligent alarm clock connected to your bed. This is an alarm developed for a Belgian tv show, Team Scheire, in order to help somebody who does not wake up from normal alarms, due to a disturbed sleeping cycle. Before using this solution, contact a doctor to determine your sleeping disorder! Intel.Letto was used to help with Delayed Sleep Phase Syndrome (DSPS), but could be useful in other cases. Nevertheless, a technical solution is never the complete answer, a doctor should be your first stop!

Intel.Letto works by working on all stimuli:

• sound: a normal buzzer
• sound: voices, animals, reminders. Interaction that requires the brain to listen
• touch: wind from a fan blowing irregularly
• touch: massage movement in an irregular unpredictable way
• light: waking up requires high lumen light to be switched on
• light: in the pre-alarm phase we add sunrise to help becoming aware of the need to get up.
• brain activity: deep sleepers can switch of alarms, then continue sleeping. To avoid this, a bed detector is present. You can only switch of the alarm when you are not in the bed. Also, a specific action must be done.

All the above is done to gradually make the sleeper aware of the fact they need to get up. On the alarm time, the cycle becomes stronger. In a rough drawing:

Clock Manual

You have the Intel.letto, and just want to read the manual on how to operate the clock? See the alarm clock module manual then!

Hardware

The hardware consists of a base station which is a Raspberry Pi. This connects via a LAN port to your router, and as such to the internet. Then several modules are present, which connect to the Raspberry Pi over a WiFi network broadcast by the Raspberry Pi.

Intel.Letto Base station

Set up Raspberry Pi

We use a Raspberry Pi 3B, which you can buy eg in a simple package from Velleman

Such a package comes with an empty microSD card, which we need to prepare before use. We install a linux OS on it, see the software guide for more info. Download the linux OS Raspbian as an .iso or .zip file from download pagina Raspbian. The zip has te be unpacked by a modern unzip application. Intel.Letto has been tested with

• 2018-11-13-raspbian-stretch-full.zip

Download now Etcher for your PC from etcher.io/. When downloaded, install it, and start Etcher. Select the Raspbian .iso that you downloaded, select the microSD card as carrier, and press on kaart Flash. Wait for it to finish, and you have the hard disk as needed for your Raspberry Pi ready. Put it in the device in the correct slot.

Start the Rasp Pi following the hardware guide. The Rasp should show you a working linux desktop.

Internet address of your Raspberry Pi

Your Raspberry Pi will be used to offer services to the modules. Therefore, it needs a known static internet address (IP), so your internet needs to be configured for this. Please, look at your router settings how this can be done.

The best way is to use static DHCP. For this you need the MAC address of the eth0 interface of the Raspberry Pi. If not possible, you can set a static IP address, again, follow the instructions for your type of network.

WHY? Wondering why you need a static IP? We will use low cost devices in the modules that connect to this Rasp Pi. These will typically cache the IP address. So in case your server obtains a different IP address, it stops working. Workarounds to this require advanced skills, so we avoid it to not have this complication. As the IP is fixed, we will use this fixed IP also in the modules. Patches to do this better are welcome! If you can use static DHCP, you can replace this with the hostname, see eg a guide here.

Installing MQTT software on the Raspberry Pi

The Raspberry Pi will serve as MQTT broker for Intel.Letto. For this, install mosquitto. Open a terminal and do:

sudo apt-get install mosquitto
sudo apt-get install mosquitto-clients

Rasp Pi as WiFi access point for Intel.Letto

Next we set up the rasp as a standalone network to which we can connect. For this follow steps on Rasp pi wireless AP doc up to the section Add routing and masquerde.

Some comments:

1. We will assign the server the IP address 192.168.4.1, so follow that guide to set that, and configure the DHCP server

2. We set up how to log into the Access Point (AP) we make with the Rasp Pi, for this, you make a hostapd.conf file with the ssid and password for your AP:

    ssid=intelletto
    wpa_passphrase=XXXXXXX
   

   In the above we chose intelletto as ssid of the wireless connection. Change XXXXXXX in a good password!

3. In the section Start it up you need to do sudo systemctl start hostapd. If this gives an error: Unit hostapd.service is masked you need to first unmask the service:

   sudo systemctl unmask hostapd.service
   sudo systemctl start hostapd.service
   

   To see the status of this service, you can do

    sudo systemctl status hostapd
   

4. Do not bridge the access point.

5. If after reboot the wifi network of the rasp pi is not starting, make it run automatically at startup with the commands

   sudo update-rc.d hostapd defaults
   sudo update-rc.d hostapd enable
   

Test the wireless Access Point

Now test all is working. Open your laptop and connect to the wifi of the Rasp Pi, so intelletto. Connect the Rasp Pi to a ethernet cable to your router so it has access to the internet. Try to connect to the internet on your laptop when connected to the Rasp Pi via WiFi. If configured correctly, you should have access.

Test on the Rasp Pi who is connected with following code to see their IP4 address via (you will also see your router connected via eth0):

arp -a -n

Test the MQTT Broker

Next, test if the MQTT server is running correctly. On the Rasp Pi open a terminal, and subscribe to a MQTT channel. As we are on the Rasp Pi, we use address localhost

mosquitto_sub -h localhost -t intellettoTest

In another terminal window, publish a message. You can do this with the hostname localhost, with the IP of eth0 (use command ip a in a terminal to see the eth0 ip and replace below XXXXXX with this IP), or with the static IP over wlan0 which we have set, so 192.168.4.1:

mosquitto_pub -h localhost -t intellettoTest -m "Testing1"
mosquitto_pub -h 192.168.4.1 -t intellettoTest -m "Testing2"
mosquitto_pub -h XXXXXX -t intellettoTest -m "Testing3"

In the terminal window you did mosquitto_sub you should see these messages arriving.

Next, install on your laptop also mosquitto

sudo apt-get install mosquitto-clients

Connect to the WiFi of the Rasp Pi, and test you can send MQTT messages via the wlan0 or eth0 IP of the Rasp Pi:

mosquitto_pub -h 192.168.4.1 -t intellettoTest -m "Testing2"
mosquitto_pub -h XXXXXX -t intellettoTest -m "Testing3"

Setup NTP server to serve time

The installation of the NTP server on the Rasp Pi is easy as one command execution:

sudo apt install ntp

After installation, confirm that your NTP server is up and running:

systemctl status ntp

The NTP sever comes pre-configured out of the box. The configuration of your NTP server can be managed via /etc/ntp.conf configuration file. The default NTP server configuration relies on debian.pool.ntp.org server group. This should be ok.

Static eth0 ip

Although doing MQTT messages to the wlan0 IP, 192.168.4.1, this unfortnutaly does not work when using Arduino/NodeMCU. I assume the ip forwarding causes issues and some special iptables commands would be necessary. Connection does work with the eth0 IP of the Raspberry Pi, so you will need to use that in the Intel.Letto Modules.

For this reason, it is important to give your Rasp Pi a static IP via your router settings. With routers of companies, this can be tricky as the settings are often hidden. Some examples

• Belgium
  • Telenet static ip

Should the ip address of the Rasp Pi change, then this must be updated on the base modules. You need to change the old IP in the new one in:

• in intelletto.ino on 3 places
• in wake_loudspeaker.ino on 2 places
• in inbed_detector.ino on 2 places
• in massage_control_mqtt_MASTER_NODEMCU.ino on 2 places. Careful, this one can only be flashed if the nodeMCU is not connected to the Arduino, you need to open the box, disconnect the Arduino, flash the nodeMCU, and reconnect the Arduino.

Intel.Letto Modules

Now the Rasp Pi is ready, set up the base modules to connect to it via WiFi.

• Alarm Clock Base station: the base station which shows the clock and allows to program the alarm. It also contains a buzzer and a LED strip can be connected to it.
• In Bed Detection: carbon fiber is used to create bands in a blanket. These connect to a touch module that detects if a person is in the bed.
• Massage bed: part of the wake up sequence is a massage bed placed under the In Bed Detection-module.
• Wake Sound system: this module generates textual sounds to help you wake up.
• Sonoff plugs: these plugs are connected to a strong light, and an always on ventilator. They switch on or off these to help in the wake up cycle.

Arduino Test Sketches

1. MPR121 Capacitive touch testcode: connect the MPR121 sensor to a NodeMCU for tracking and an OLED 128x32 for display of result
2. Neopixel sunrise: Connect a neopixel ledstrip to Arduino or NodeMCU, and simulate the sunrise
3. Time clock with NodeMCU: Show the time and date on an OLED 128x32 display using NodeMCU and an NTP server. At least once wifi connection must be made.
4. Alarm clock with sunrise: Show time and date on an OLED 128x32 display using NodeMCU and use neopixel strip to show sunrise as alarm time is approached