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Computer science defines AI research as the study of "intelligent agents": any device that perceives its environment and takes actions that maximize its chance of successfully achieving its goals.
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A typical AI analyzes its environment and takes actions that maximize its chance of success, Goals can be explicitly defined or induced.
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AI often revolves around the use of algorithms. An algorithm is a set of unambiguous instructions that a mechanical computer can execute.
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Many AI algorithms are capable of learning from data; they can enhance themselves by learning new heuristics (strategies that have worked well in the past), or can themselves write other algorithms.
1] Bayesian-Network.
2] Game Playing.
3] Posterior Probability.
4] Uninformed and Informed Search.
5] Wumpus World.