This repository consists of all the necessary questions and their solutions required for cracking technical interviews. And this content will surely help you get into your dream company. This material has been taken and combined from various different sources. It will be a complete roadmap for your placement prep.
The folders above consist of all the required questions and their solutions as well, according to each topic
I will keep on updating this repository, If I feel that anything is missing.
Let me know, if you wish to add anything else to this content.
NOTE: The links to the solutions in the pdf are provided as well, but they will work only after you download the file to your machine
To get your dream company, you should be good in the following while facing an interview:
📘Solid Data Structures and Algorithms. Deep understanding of these subjects, how to combine them, how to find/design suitable ones for a problem, etc. This is not surprising as indeed these are the most foundational topics on which much of CS rests.
📘Strong in OOPS. OO Design and principles, subtle aspects of language, strong understanding of the language capability and limitations, its design and implementation.
📘Good understanding of OS, DBMS, Networks. These subjects were highlighted whose understanding is extremely important on being a successful software engineer for high-end work.
📘Ability to write well structured and efficient code. Ability to evaluate efficiency of the code at different levels – algo, DS, execution level (OS), hardware to reduce memory as well as time; understanding of different layers of the system, and ability to evaluate/assess the program at these different layers.
Before anything else, you need to pick a programming language to do your interviews in.
I do support learning and writing code in different programming languages. But when it comes to the programming interview preparation, I feel it’s important to choose one language to focus your prep on and get to know it very well.
It takes some time for languages to master, and if you spend most of your time and resources on mastering algorithms, there's hardly any spare effort left to master a new language. If you are comfortable with using one of the mainstream languages, only for interviews, there is no good need to learn a new language.
But if you have enough time, I'd suggest you to learn the most used languages during candidates (this is just my suggestion, you can also go with any other language you want or you are comfortable with): 📕 Java 📕 C 📕 Python 📕 C++
- 📙 Amazon: Java, Javascript, Ruby, Python, Perl sources
- 📙 Facebook: PHP, C++, Python, Java, Perl. High regard for dynamic/scripting languages. sources
- 📙 Google: C/C++, Java, Python, Javascript, Go sources
- 📙 Microsoft: C++, C#, Java, Python sources
The main areas software engineers should prepare to succeed at interview at FAANG: 📗 Algorithm Complexity: It's fairly critical that you understand big-O complexity analysis. Again run some practice problems to get this down in application.
📗 Sorting: Know how to sort. Don't do bubble-sort. You should know the details of at least one n*log(n) sorting algorithm, preferably two (say, quicksort and merge sort). Merge sort can be highly useful in situations where quicksort is impractical, so take a look at it.
📗 Hashtables: Arguably the single most important data structure known to mankind. You absolutely should know how they work. Be able to implement one using only arrays in your favorite language, in about the space of one interview.
📗 Trees: Know about trees; basic tree construction, traversal and manipulation algorithms. Familiarize yourself with binary trees, n-ary trees, and trie-trees. Be familiar with at least one type of balanced binary tree, whether it's a red/black tree, a splay tree or an AVL tree, and know how it's implemented. Understand tree traversal algorithms: BFS and DFS, and know the difference between inorder, postorder and preorder.
📗 Graphs: Graphs are really important. There are 3 basic ways to represent a graph in memory (objects and pointers, matrix, and adjacency list); familiarize yourself with each representation and its pros & cons. You should know the basic graph traversal algorithms: breadth-first search and depth-first search. Know their computational complexity, their tradeoffs, and how to implement them in real code. If you get a chance, try to study up on fancier algorithms, such as Dijkstra and A*.
📗 Other data structures: You should study up on as many other data structures and algorithms as possible. You should especially know about the most famous classes of NP-complete problems, such as traveling salesman and the knapsack problem, and be able to recognize them when an interviewer asks you them in disguise. Find out what NP-complete means.
📗 Mathematics: Some interviewers ask basic discrete math questions. This is more prevalent at Google than at other companies because we are surrounded by counting problems, probability problems, and other Discrete Math 101 situations. Spend some time before the interview refreshing your memory on (or teaching yourself) the essentials of combinatorics and probability. You should be familiar with n-choose-k problems and their ilk – the more the better.
📗 Operating Systems: Know about processes, threads and concurrency issues. Know about locks and mutexes and semaphores and monitors and how they work. Know about deadlock and livelock and how to avoid them. Know what resources a processes needs, and a thread needs, and how context switching works, and how it's initiated by the operating system and underlying hardware. Know a little about scheduling. The world is rapidly moving towards multi-core, so know the fundamentals of "modern" concurrency constructs.
📗 Coding: You should know at least one programming language really well, and it should preferably be C++ or Java. C# is OK too, since it's pretty similar to Java. You will be expected to write some code in at least some of your interviews. You will be expected to know a fair amount of detail about your favorite programming language.
Tip: Go for the language you are comfortable with, doing any kind of problem, solving things and writing code AND also please know about the internal functionalities as well and how different data structures are implemented in it.
📒 LeetCode (Go to Problems -> Algorithms) 📒 GeeksForGeeks 📒 Hackerrank
📚 GeeksforGeeks 📚 High Scalability 📚 Interview Puzzles
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Let me know your views on the repository or any changes or improvements and if you wish to contribute too at: soodtech01@gmail.com or LinkedIn