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talospider

travis PyPI

1.为什么写这个?

一些简单的页面,无需用比较大的框架来进行爬取,自己纯手写又比较麻烦,适用于单页面的爬虫编写

微爬虫框架 - 小巧、方便、练手学习

因此针对这个需求写了talospider:

  • 1.针对单页面的item提取 - 具体介绍点这里
  • 2.spider模块 - 具体介绍点这里

注意:此项目已经废弃,有需求请大家转用我新编写的异步框架ruia

2.介绍&&使用

process

使用

pip install talospider

2.1.item

这个模块是可以独立使用的,对于一些请求比较简单的网站(比如只需要get请求),单单只用这个模块就可以快速地编写出你想要的爬虫,比如(以下使用python3,python2见examples目录):

2.1.1.单页面单目标

比如要获取这个网址http://book.qidian.com/info/1004608738 的书籍信息,封面等信息,可直接这样写:

import time

from pprint import pprint
from talospider import Item, TextField, AttrField

class QidianSpider(Item):
    title = TextField(css_select='.book-info>h1>em')
    author = TextField(css_select='a.writer')
    cover = AttrField(css_select='a#bookImg>img', attr='src')

    def tal_title(self, title):
        return title

    def tal_cover(self, cover):
        return 'http:' + cover

if __name__ == '__main__':
    item_data = QidianSpider.get_item(url='http://book.qidian.com/info/1004608738')
    pprint(item_data)

具体见qidian_details_by_item.py

2.1.1.单页面多目标

比如获取豆瓣250电影首页展示的25部电影,这一个页面有25个目标,可直接这样写:

from pprint import pprint
from talospider import Item, TextField, AttrField

class DoubanSpider(Item):
    # 定义继承自item的Item类
    target_item = TextField(css_select='div.item')
    title = TextField(css_select='span.title')
    cover = AttrField(css_select='div.pic>a>img', attr='src')
    abstract = TextField(css_select='span.inq')

    def tal_title(self, title):
        if isinstance(title, str):
            return title
        else:
            return ''.join([i.text.strip().replace('\xa0', '') for i in title])

if __name__ == '__main__':
    items_data = DoubanSpider.get_items(url='https://movie.douban.com/top250')
    result = []
    for item in items_data:
        result.append({
            'title': item.title,
            'cover': item.cover,
            'abstract': item.abstract,
        })
    pprint(result)

具体见douban_page_by_item.py

2.2.spider

当需要爬取有层次的页面时,比如爬取豆瓣250全部电影,这时候spider部分就派上了用场:

# !/usr/bin/env python
from talospider import AttrField, Request,Spider, Item, TextField
from talospider.utils import get_random_user_agent


class DoubanItem(Item):
    # 定义继承自item的Item类
    target_item = TextField(css_select='div.item')
    title = TextField(css_select='span.title')
    cover = AttrField(css_select='div.pic>a>img', attr='src')
    abstract = TextField(css_select='span.inq')

    def tal_title(self, title):
        if isinstance(title, str):
            return title
        else:
            return ''.join([i.text.strip().replace('\xa0', '') for i in title])


class DoubanSpider(Spider):
    # 定义起始url,必须
    start_urls = ['https://movie.douban.com/top250']
    # requests配置
    request_config = {
        'RETRIES': 3,
        'DELAY': 0,
        'TIMEOUT': 20
    }
    def parse(self, res):
        # 解析函数 必须有
        # 将html转化为etree
        etree = self.e_html(res.html)
        # 提取目标值生成新的url
        pages = [i.get('href') for i in etree.cssselect('.paginator>a')]
        pages.insert(0, '?start=0&filter=')
        headers = {
            "User-Agent": get_random_user_agent()
        }
        for page in pages:
            url = self.start_urls[0] + page
            yield Request(url, request_config=self.request_config, headers=headers, callback=self.parse_item)

    def parse_item(self, res):
        items_data = DoubanItem.get_items(html=res.html)
        # result = []
        for item in items_data:
            # result.append({
            #     'title': item.title,
            #     'cover': item.cover,
            #     'abstract': item.abstract,
            # })
            # 保存
            with open('douban250.txt', 'a+') as f:
                f.writelines(item.title + '\n')


if __name__ == '__main__':
    DoubanSpider.start()

控制台:

2018-01-02 09:33:34 - [talospider ]: talospider started
2018-01-02 09:33:35 - [downloading]: GET: https://movie.douban.com/top250
2018-01-02 09:33:35 - [downloading]: GET: https://movie.douban.com/top250?start=0&filter=
2018-01-02 09:33:35 - [downloading]: GET: https://movie.douban.com/top250?start=25&filter=
2018-01-02 09:33:36 - [downloading]: GET: https://movie.douban.com/top250?start=50&filter=
2018-01-02 09:33:36 - [downloading]: GET: https://movie.douban.com/top250?start=75&filter=
2018-01-02 09:33:36 - [downloading]: GET: https://movie.douban.com/top250?start=100&filter=
2018-01-02 09:33:37 - [downloading]: GET: https://movie.douban.com/top250?start=125&filter=
2018-01-02 09:33:37 - [downloading]: GET: https://movie.douban.com/top250?start=150&filter=
2018-01-02 09:33:37 - [downloading]: GET: https://movie.douban.com/top250?start=175&filter=
2018-01-02 09:33:37 - [downloading]: GET: https://movie.douban.com/top250?start=200&filter=
2018-01-02 09:33:38 - [downloading]: GET: https://movie.douban.com/top250?start=225&filter=
2018-01-02 09:33:38 - [talospider ]: Time usage:0:00:03.367604

此时当前目录会生成douban250.txt,具体见douban_page_by_spider.py

3.说明

学习之作,待完善的地方还有很多

talospider编写的示例:

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