Model EV Batteries

BuildResidentialHPXML/measure.rb

@@ -2578,6 +2578,51 @@ def arguments(model) # rubocop:disable Lint/UnusedMethodArgument
     arg.setUnits('Frac')
     args << arg
 
+    arg = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument::makeBoolArgument('ev_present', false)
+    arg.setDisplayName('Electric Vehicle: Present')
+    arg.setDescription('Whether there is an electric vehicle battery present.')
+    arg.setDefaultValue(false)
+    args << arg
+
+    arg = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument::makeDoubleArgument('ev_battery_discharge_power', false)
+    arg.setDisplayName('Electric Vehicle: Rated Battery Power Output')
+    arg.setDescription('The rated power output of the EV battery. If not provided, the OS-HPXML default is used.')
+    arg.setUnits('W')
+    args << arg
+
+    arg = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument::makeDoubleArgument('ev_battery_capacity', false)
+    arg.setDisplayName('Electric Vehicle: Nominal Battery Capacity')
+    arg.setDescription('The nominal capacity of the EV battery. If not provided, the OS-HPXML default is used.')
+    arg.setUnits('kWh')
+    args << arg
+
+    arg = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument::makeDoubleArgument('ev_battery_usable_capacity', false)
+    arg.setDisplayName('Electric Vehicle: Usable Battery Capacity')
+    arg.setDescription('The usable capacity of the EV battery. If not provided, the OS-HPXML default is used.')
+    arg.setUnits('kWh')
+    args << arg
+
+    arg = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument::makeBoolArgument('ev_charger_present', false)
+    arg.setDisplayName('Electric Vehicle Charger: Present')
+    arg.setDescription('Whether there is an electric vehicle charger present.')
+    arg.setDefaultValue(false)
+    args << arg
+
+    arg = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument::makeDoubleArgument('ev_charger_power', false)
+    arg.setDisplayName('Electric Vehicle Charger: Rated Charger Power Output')
+    arg.setDescription('The rated power output of the EV charger. If not provided, the OS-HPXML default is used.')
+    arg.setUnits('W')
+    args << arg
+
+    ev_charger_location_choices = OpenStudio::StringVector.new
+    ev_charger_location_choices << HPXML::LocationGarage
+    ev_charger_location_choices << HPXML::LocationOutside
+
+    arg = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument::makeChoiceArgument('ev_charger_location', ev_charger_location_choices, false)
+    arg.setDisplayName('Electric Vehicle Charger: Location')
+    arg.setDescription('The space type for the EV charger. If not provided, the OS-HPXML default is used.')
+    args << arg
+
     arg = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument::makeIntegerArgument('battery_num_bedrooms_served', false)
     arg.setDisplayName('Battery: Number of Bedrooms Served')
     arg.setDescription("Number of bedrooms served by the lithium ion battery. Only needed if #{HPXML::ResidentialTypeSFA} or #{HPXML::ResidentialTypeApartment} and it is a shared battery serving multiple dwelling units. Used to apportion battery charging/discharging to the unit of a SFA/MF building.")
@@ -3815,6 +3860,7 @@ def self.create(runner, model, args, epw_path, hpxml_path, existing_hpxml_path)
     set_solar_thermal(hpxml_bldg, args, epw_file)
     set_pv_systems(hpxml_bldg, args, epw_file)
     set_battery(hpxml_bldg, args)
+    set_electric_vehicle(hpxml_bldg, args)
     set_lighting(hpxml_bldg, args)
     set_dehumidifier(hpxml_bldg, args)
     set_clothes_washer(hpxml_bldg, args)
@@ -6614,6 +6660,33 @@ def self.set_battery(hpxml_bldg, args)
                              number_of_bedrooms_served: number_of_bedrooms_served)
   end
 
+  def self.set_electric_vehicle(hpxml_bldg, args)
+    if args[:ev_present] != true
+      return
+    end
+
+    charger_id = nil
+    if args[:ev_charger_present]
+      if args[:ev_charger_location].nil?
+        args[:ev_charger_location] = 'outside'
+      end
+      location = get_location(args[:ev_charger_location], hpxml_bldg.foundations[-1].foundation_type, hpxml_bldg.attics[-1].attic_type)
+
+      charger_id = "EVCharger#{hpxml_bldg.ev_chargers.size + 1}"
+      hpxml_bldg.ev_chargers.add(id: charger_id,
+                                 location: location,
+                                 charging_power: args[:ev_charger_power])
+    end
+
+    ev_ct = hpxml_bldg.vehicles.count { |vehicle| vehicle.id.include?('ElectricVehicle') }
+    hpxml_bldg.vehicles.add(id: "ElectricVehicle#{ev_ct + 1}",
+                            type: HPXML::BatteryTypeLithiumIon,
+                            rated_power_output: args[:ev_battery_discharge_power],
+                            nominal_capacity_kwh: args[:ev_battery_capacity],
+                            usable_capacity_kwh: args[:ev_battery_usable_capacity],
+                            ev_charger_idref: charger_id)
+  end
+
   # Set the lighting properties, including:
   # - interior/exterior/garage fraction of lamps that are LFL/CFL/LED
   # - interior/exterior/garage usage multipliers

BuildResidentialHPXML/tests/test_build_residential_hpxml.rb

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 class BuildResidentialHPXMLTest < Minitest::Test
   def setup
     @output_path = File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), 'extra_files')
-    @model_save = false # true helpful for debugging, i.e., can render osm in 3D
+    @model_save = true # true helpful for debugging, i.e., can render osm in 3D
   end
 
   def teardown
@@ -68,6 +68,8 @@ def test_workflows
       'extra-water-heater-attic.xml' => 'base-sfd.xml',
       'extra-battery-crawlspace.xml' => 'base-sfd.xml',
       'extra-battery-attic.xml' => 'base-sfd.xml',
+      'extra-ev-battery.xml' => 'extra-enclosure-garage-partially-protruded.xml',
+      'extra-two-batteries.xml' => 'base-sfd.xml',
       'extra-detailed-performance-autosize.xml' => 'base-sfd.xml',
       'extra-power-outage-periods.xml' => 'base-sfd.xml',
 
@@ -932,6 +934,14 @@ def _set_measure_argument_values(hpxml_file, args)
     elsif ['extra-battery-attic.xml'].include? hpxml_file
       args['battery_present'] = true
       args['battery_location'] = HPXML::LocationAttic
+    elsif ['extra-ev-battery.xml'].include? hpxml_file
+      args['ev_present'] = true
+      args['ev_charger_present'] = true
+      args['ev_charger_location'] = HPXML::LocationGarage
+    elsif ['extra-two-batteries.xml'].include? hpxml_file
+      args['ev_present'] = true
+      args['battery_present'] = true
+      args['battery_location'] = HPXML::LocationAttic
     elsif ['extra-detailed-performance-autosize.xml'].include? hpxml_file
       args['heating_system_type'] = 'none'
       args['cooling_system_type'] = 'none'

HPXMLtoOpenStudio/measure.rb

@@ -549,6 +549,7 @@ def create_unit_model(hpxml, hpxml_bldg, runner, model, epw_path, epw_file, weat
     add_photovoltaics(model)
     add_generators(model)
     add_batteries(runner, model, spaces)
+    add_electric_vehicles(runner, model, spaces)
     add_building_unit(model, unit_num)
   end
 
@@ -2354,6 +2355,30 @@ def add_batteries(runner, model, spaces)
     end
   end
 
+  def add_electric_vehicles(runner, model, spaces)
+    @hpxml_bldg.vehicles.each do |vehicle|
+      next unless vehicle.id.include?('ElectricVehicle')
+
+      ev_charger = nil
+      if not vehicle.ev_charger_idref.nil?
+        @hpxml_bldg.ev_chargers.each do |charger|
+          next unless vehicle.ev_charger_idref == charger.id
+
+          ev_charger = charger
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Assign charging and vehicle space
+      if ev_charger
+        ev_charger.additional_properties.space = get_space_from_location(ev_charger.location, spaces)
+        vehicle.location = ev_charger.location
+        vehicle.additional_properties.space = get_space_from_location(vehicle.location, spaces)
+      end
+
+      ElectricVehicle.apply(runner, model, vehicle, ev_charger, @schedules_file, @hpxml_bldg.building_construction.number_of_units)
+    end
+  end
+
   # TODO
   #
   # @param model [OpenStudio::Model::Model] OpenStudio Model object

HPXMLtoOpenStudio/resources/battery.rb

@@ -12,17 +12,28 @@ class Battery
   # @param schedules_file [SchedulesFile] SchedulesFile wrapper class instance of detailed schedule files
   # @param unit_multiplier [Integer] Number of similar dwelling units
   # @return [TODO] TODO
-  def self.apply(runner, model, nbeds, pv_systems, battery, schedules_file, unit_multiplier)
+  def self.apply(runner, model, nbeds, pv_systems, battery, schedules_file, unit_multiplier, is_ev: false, ev_charger: nil)
     charging_schedule = nil
     discharging_schedule = nil
+    if is_ev
+      charging_col = SchedulesFile::Columns[:EVBatteryCharging].name
+      discharging_col = SchedulesFile::Columns[:EVBatteryDischarging].name
+    else
+      charging_col = SchedulesFile::Columns[:BatteryCharging].name
+      discharging_col = SchedulesFile::Columns[:BatteryDischarging].name
+    end
+
     if not schedules_file.nil?
-      charging_schedule = schedules_file.create_schedule_file(model, col_name: SchedulesFile::Columns[:BatteryCharging].name)
-      discharging_schedule = schedules_file.create_schedule_file(model, col_name: SchedulesFile::Columns[:BatteryDischarging].name)
+      charging_schedule = schedules_file.create_schedule_file(model, col_name: charging_col)
+      discharging_schedule = schedules_file.create_schedule_file(model, col_name: discharging_col)
     end
 
-    if pv_systems.empty? && charging_schedule.nil? && discharging_schedule.nil?
+    if !is_ev && pv_systems.empty? && charging_schedule.nil? && discharging_schedule.nil?
       runner.registerWarning('Battery without PV specified, and no charging/discharging schedule provided; battery is assumed to operate as backup and will not be modeled.')
       return
+    elsif is_ev && charging_schedule.nil? && discharging_schedule.nil?
+      runner.registerWarning('Electric vehicle battery specified with no charging/discharging schedule provided; battery will not be modeled.')
+      return
     end
 
     obj_name = battery.id
@@ -48,7 +59,7 @@ def self.apply(runner, model, nbeds, pv_systems, battery, schedules_file, unit_m
 
     return if rated_power_output <= 0 || nominal_capacity_kwh <= 0 || battery.nominal_voltage <= 0
 
-    if battery.is_shared_system
+    if !is_ev && battery.is_shared_system
       # Apportion to single dwelling unit by # bedrooms
       fail if battery.number_of_bedrooms_served.to_f <= nbeds.to_f # EPvalidator.xml should prevent this
 
@@ -57,9 +68,16 @@ def self.apply(runner, model, nbeds, pv_systems, battery, schedules_file, unit_m
       rated_power_output = rated_power_output * nbeds.to_f / battery.number_of_bedrooms_served.to_f
     end
 
+    if not ev_charger.nil?
+      charging_power = ev_charger.charging_power
+    else
+      charging_power = rated_power_output
+    end
+
     nominal_capacity_kwh *= unit_multiplier
     usable_capacity_kwh *= unit_multiplier
     rated_power_output *= unit_multiplier
+    charging_power *= unit_multiplier
 
     is_outside = (battery.location == HPXML::LocationOutside)
     if not is_outside
@@ -113,24 +131,36 @@ def self.apply(runner, model, nbeds, pv_systems, battery, schedules_file, unit_m
     elcs.setFullyChargedCellVoltage(default_nominal_cell_voltage)
     elcs.setCellVoltageatEndofExponentialZone(default_nominal_cell_voltage)
 
-    elcds = model.getElectricLoadCenterDistributions
-    elcds = elcds.select { |elcd| elcd.inverter.is_initialized } # i.e., not generators
-    if elcds.empty?
+    if is_ev
+      # EVs always get their own ELCD, not PV
       elcd = OpenStudio::Model::ElectricLoadCenterDistribution.new(model)
-      elcd.setName('Battery elec load center dist')
+      elcd.setName("#{obj_name} elec load center dist")
       elcd.setElectricalBussType('AlternatingCurrentWithStorage')
+      elcs.setInitialFractionalStateofCharge(maximum_storage_state_of_charge_fraction)
     else
-      elcd = elcds[0] # i.e., pv
-
-      elcd.setElectricalBussType('DirectCurrentWithInverterACStorage')
-      elcd.setStorageOperationScheme('TrackFacilityElectricDemandStoreExcessOnSite')
+      elcds = model.getElectricLoadCenterDistributions
+      elcds = elcds.select { |elcd| elcd.inverter.is_initialized } # i.e., not generators
+      # Use PV ELCD if present
+      elcds.each do |elcd_|
+        if elcd_.name.to_s.include? "PVSystem"
+          elcd = elcd_
+          elcd.setElectricalBussType('DirectCurrentWithInverterACStorage')
+          elcd.setStorageOperationScheme('TrackFacilityElectricDemandStoreExcessOnSite')
+          break
+        end
+      end
+      if elcds.empty?
+        elcd = OpenStudio::Model::ElectricLoadCenterDistribution.new(model)
+        elcd.setName("#{obj_name} elec load center dist")
+        elcd.setElectricalBussType('AlternatingCurrentWithStorage')
+      end
     end
 
     elcd.setMinimumStorageStateofChargeFraction(minimum_storage_state_of_charge_fraction)
     elcd.setMaximumStorageStateofChargeFraction(maximum_storage_state_of_charge_fraction)
     elcd.setElectricalStorage(elcs)
     elcd.setDesignStorageControlDischargePower(rated_power_output)
-    elcd.setDesignStorageControlChargePower(rated_power_output)
+    elcd.setDesignStorageControlChargePower(charging_power)
 
     if (not charging_schedule.nil?) && (not discharging_schedule.nil?)
       elcd.setStorageOperationScheme('TrackChargeDischargeSchedules')

HPXMLtoOpenStudio/resources/constants.rb

@@ -171,6 +171,11 @@ def self.ObjectNameBatteryLossesAdjustment
     return 'battery losses adjustment'
   end
 
+
+  def self.ObjectNameEVBatteryDischargeOffset
+    return 'ev battery discharge offset'
+  end
+
   # TODO
   #
   # @return [TODO] TODO