Merge pull request #317 from jaredthomas68/offshore-constraints

Offshore constraints

README.md

@@ -76,6 +76,19 @@ solar and storage.
 2. To set up `NREL_API_KEY` for resource downloads, first refer to section 7 and 8 above. But for the `.env` file method,
    the file should go in the working directory of your Python project, e.g. directory from where you run `python`.
 
+## Parallel Processing for GreenHEART finite differences and design of experiments
+GreenHEART is set up to run in parallel using MPI and PETSc for finite differencing and for design of experiments runs through OpenMDAO. To use this capability you will need to follow the addtional installation instruction below:
+```
+    conda install -c conda-forge mpi4py petsc4py
+```
+For more details on implementation and installation, reference the documentation for OpenMDAO.
+
+To to check that your installation is working, do the following:
+```
+    cd tests/greenheart/
+    mpirun -n 2 pytest test_openmdao_mpi.py
+```
+
 ## Getting Started
 
 The [Examples](./examples/) contain Jupyter notebooks and sample YAML files for common usage scenarios in HOPP. These are actively maintained and updated to demonstrate HOPP's capabilities. For full details on simulation options and other features, see the [documentation](https://hopp.readthedocs.io/en/latest/).

examples/reference_plants/01-onshore-steel-mn/input/plant/greenheart_config_onshore_mn.yaml

@@ -346,6 +346,9 @@ opt_options:
     boundary_distance:
       flag: False
       lower: 0.0
+    pv_to_platform_area_ratio:
+      flag: False 
+      upper: 1.0 # relative size of solar pv area to platform area
     user: {}
   merit_figure: "lcos"
   merit_figure_user:

examples/reference_plants/02-onshore-ammonia-tx/input/plant/greenheart_config_onshore_tx.yaml

@@ -300,6 +300,9 @@ opt_options:
     boundary_distance:
       flag: False
       lower: 0.0
+    pv_to_platform_area_ratio:
+      flag: False 
+      upper: 1.0 # relative size of solar pv area to platform area
     user: {}
   merit_figure: "lcoa"
   merit_figure_user:

examples/reference_plants/03-offshore-hydrogen-gom/input/plant/greenheart_config_offshore_gom.yaml

@@ -284,6 +284,9 @@ opt_options:
     boundary_distance:
       flag: False
       lower: 0.0
+    pv_to_platform_area_ratio:
+      flag: False 
+      upper: 1.0 # relative size of solar pv area to platform area
     user: {}
   merit_figure: "lcoh"
   merit_figure_user:

examples/reference_plants/04-offshore-hydrogen-ny/input/plant/greenheart_config_offshore_ny.yaml

@@ -285,6 +285,9 @@ opt_options:
     boundary_distance:
       flag: False
       lower: 0.0
+    pv_to_platform_area_ratio:
+      flag: False 
+      upper: 1.0 # relative size of solar pv area to platform area
     user: {}
   merit_figure: "lcoh"
   merit_figure_user:

examples/reference_plants/05-offshore-hydrogen-ca/input/plant/greenheart_config_offshore_ca.yaml

@@ -284,6 +284,9 @@ opt_options:
     boundary_distance:
       flag: False
       lower: 0.0
+    pv_to_platform_area_ratio:
+      flag: False 
+      upper: 1.0 # relative size of solar pv area to platform area
     user: {}
   merit_figure: "lcoh"
   merit_figure_user:

greenheart/simulation/greenheart_simulation.py

@@ -196,6 +196,7 @@ class GreenHeartSimulationOutput:
             ammonia_capacity (Optional[AmmoniaCapacityModelOutputs]): ammonia capacity information
             ammonia_costs (Optional[AmmoniaCostModelOutputs]): ammonia cost information
             ammonia_finance (Optional[AmmoniaFinanceModelOutputs]): ammonia finance information
+            platform_results (Optional[dict]): equipment platform information/outputs if used
     """
 
     # detailed simulation information
@@ -230,6 +231,8 @@ class GreenHeartSimulationOutput:
     ammonia_costs: Optional[AmmoniaCostModelOutputs] = field(default=None)
     ammonia_finance: Optional[AmmoniaFinanceModelOutputs] = field(default=None)
 
+    platform_results: Optional[dict] = field(default=None)
+
 def setup_greenheart_simulation(config: GreenHeartSimulationConfig):
 
     # run orbit for wind plant construction and other costs
@@ -909,7 +912,8 @@ def simple_solver(initial_guess=0.0):
             steel_finance = None if "steel" not in config.greenheart_config else steel_finance,
             ammonia_capacity = None if "ammonia" not in config.greenheart_config else ammonia_capacity, 
             ammonia_costs = None if "ammonia" not in config.greenheart_config else ammonia_costs, 
-            ammonia_finance = None if "ammonia" not in config.greenheart_config else ammonia_finance
+            ammonia_finance = None if "ammonia" not in config.greenheart_config else ammonia_finance,
+            platform_results = platform_results
         )
 
 def run_sweeps(simulate=False, verbose=True, show_plots=True, use_profast=True, output_dir="output/"):

greenheart/simulation/technologies/offshore/example_fixed_project.yaml

@@ -11,4 +11,6 @@ equipment:
   tech_required_area: 300.    # equipment area [m**2]
   tech_combined_mass: 1000    # equipment mass [t]
   topside_design_cost: 4500000       # topside design cost [USD]
-  installation_duration: 14         # time at sea [days]
+  installation_duration: 14         # time at sea [days]
+
+# set input values to -1 to use values calculated or input in other files during GreenHEART run (depth, distance, tech_required_area, tech_combined_mass)

greenheart/simulation/technologies/offshore/example_floating_project.yaml

@@ -12,3 +12,5 @@ equipment:
   tech_combined_mass: 1000    # equipment mass [t]
   topside_design_cost: 4500000       # topside design cost [USD]
   installation_duration: 14         # time at sea [days]
+
+# set input values to -1 to use values calculated or input in other files during GreenHEART run (depth, distance, tech_required_area, tech_combined_mass)

greenheart/tools/eco/hopp_mgmt.py

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ def setup_hopp(
     save_plots=False,
     output_dir="./output/"
 ):
-
+    
     if "battery" in hopp_config["technologies"].keys() and \
         ("desired_schedule" not in hopp_config["site"].keys() or hopp_config["site"]["desired_schedule"] == []):
         hopp_config["site"]["desired_schedule"] = [greenheart_config["electrolyzer"]["rating"]]*8760
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def setup_hopp(
         greenheart_config["site"]["mean_windspeed"] = np.average(wind_speed)
 
     ################ set up HOPP technology inputs
-    hopp_technologies = {}
+
     if hopp_config["site"]["wind"]:
         if hopp_config["technologies"]["wind"]["model_name"] == "floris":
             if design_scenario["wind_location"] == "offshore":
@@ -118,18 +118,14 @@ def setup_hopp(
                 }
             ]
 
-            hopp_technologies["wind"] = {
-                "turbine_rating_kw": turbine_config["turbine_rating"] * 1000,
-                "floris_config": floris_config,  # if not specified, use default SAM models
-            }
+            hopp_config["technologies"]["wind"]["turbine_rating_kw"] = turbine_config["turbine_rating"] * 1000
+            hopp_config["technologies"]["wind"]["floris_config"] = floris_config
 
         elif hopp_config["technologies"]["wind"]["model_name"] == "sam":
-            hopp_technologies["wind"] = {
-                "turbine_rating_kw": turbine_config["turbine_rating"]
-                * 1000,  # convert from MW to kW
-                "hub_height": turbine_config["hub_height"],
-                "rotor_diameter": turbine_config["rotor_diameter"],
-            }
+            hopp_config["technologies"]["wind"]["turbine_rating_kw"] = turbine_config["turbine_rating"] * 1000,  # convert from MW to kW
+            hopp_config["technologies"]["wind"]["hub_height"] = turbine_config["hub_height"]
+            hopp_config["technologies"]["wind"]["rotor_diameter"] = turbine_config["rotor_diameter"]
+
         else:
             raise (
                 ValueError(
@@ -138,17 +134,6 @@ def setup_hopp(
                 % (hopp_config["technologies"]["wind"]["model_name"])
             )
 
-        for key in hopp_technologies["wind"]:
-            if key in hopp_config["technologies"]["wind"]:
-                hopp_config["technologies"]["wind"][key] = hopp_technologies["wind"][
-                    key
-                ]
-            else:
-                hopp_config["technologies"]["wind"].update(
-                    hopp_technologies["wind"][key]
-                )
-
-
     # setup hopp interface
     hopp_config_internal = copy.deepcopy(hopp_config)
 

greenheart/tools/eco/hydrogen_mgmt.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import numpy as np
 import pandas as pd
+import warnings
 
 from ORBIT import ProjectManager, load_config
 from ORBIT.core import Vessel
@@ -569,11 +570,11 @@ def run_equipment_platform(
             toparea += battery_area
 
         if hopp_config["site"]["solar"] and design_scenario["pv_location"] == "platform":
-            solar_area = hopp_results['hybrid_plant'].pv.footprint_area
+            pv_area = hopp_results['hybrid_plant'].pv.footprint_area
             solar_mass = hopp_results['hybrid_plant'].pv.system_mass
 
-            if solar_area > toparea:
-                raise(ValueError(f"Solar area ({solar_area} m^2) must be smaller than platform area ({toparea} m^2)"))
+            if pv_area > toparea:
+                warnings.warn(f"Solar area ({pv_area} m^2) must be smaller than platform area ({toparea} m^2)", UserWarning)
             topmass += solar_mass
 
         #### initialize

greenheart/tools/optimization/gc_PoseOptimization.py

@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ def set_driver(self, opt_prob):
                     seed=doe_options["seed"],
                 )
             elif doe_options["generator"].lower() == "fullfact":
-                generator = om.FullFactorialGenerator(levels=int(doe_options["num_samples"]))
+                generator = om.FullFactorialGenerator(levels=int(doe_options["levels"]))
             elif doe_options["generator"].lower() == "plackettburman":
                 generator = om.PlackettBurmanGenerator()
             elif doe_options["generator"].lower() == "boxbehnken":
@@ -386,13 +386,13 @@ def set_constraints(self, opt_prob, hi: Optional[Union[None, HoppInterface]] = N
         if self.config.greenheart_config["opt_options"]["constraints"]["boundary_distance"]["flag"]:
             lower = self.config.greenheart_config["opt_options"]["constraints"]["boundary_distance"]["lower"]
             opt_prob.model.add_subsystem("con_boundary", subsys=BoundaryDistanceComponent(hopp_interface=self.config.greenheart_config, turbine_x_init=turbine_x_init, turbine_y_init=turbine_y_init), promotes=["*"])
-            opt_prob.model.add_constraint("boundary_distance_vec", lower=0)
+            opt_prob.model.add_constraint("boundary_distance_vec", lower=lower)
 
         # solar/platform size
-        # if self.config.greenheart_config["opt_options"]["constraints"]["solar_platform_ratio"]["flag"]:
-        #     upper = self.config.greenheart_config["opt_options"]["constraints"]["solar_platform_ratio"]["upper"]
-        #     opt_prob.model.add_subsystem("con_boundary", subsys=BoundaryDistanceComponent(hopp_interface=self.config.greenheart_config, turbine_x_init=turbine_x_init, turbine_y_init=turbine_y_init), promotes=["*"])
-        #     opt_prob.model.add_constraint("boundary_distance_vec", lower=0)
+        if self.config.greenheart_config["opt_options"]["constraints"]["pv_to_platform_area_ratio"]["flag"]:
+            upper = self.config.greenheart_config["opt_options"]["constraints"]["pv_to_platform_area_ratio"]["upper"]
+            opt_prob.model.add_subsystem("con_pv_platform_area", subsys=om.ExecComp(['pv_platform_ratio=pv_area/platform_area']), promotes=["*"])
+            opt_prob.model.add_constraint("pv_platform_ratio", upper=upper)
 
         # User constraints
         user_constr = self.config.greenheart_config["opt_options"]["constraints"]["user"]

greenheart/tools/optimization/openmdao.py

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ def initialize(self):
 
     def setup(self):
         ninputs = 0
+        hopp_technologies = self.options["config"].hopp_config["technologies"]
         # Add inputs
         if "turbine_x" in self.options["design_variables"]:
            self.add_input("turbine_x", val=self.options["turbine_x_init"], units="m")
@@ -34,16 +35,21 @@ def setup(self):
            self.add_input("turbine_y", val=self.options["turbine_y_init"], units="m")
            ninputs += len(self.options["turbine_y_init"])
         if "wind_rating_kw" in self.options["design_variables"]:
-            self.add_input("wind_rating_kw", val=150000, units="kW")
+            initial_wind_rating = hopp_technologies["wind"]["num_turbines"]*hopp_technologies["wind"]["turbine_rating_kw"]
+            self.add_input("wind_rating_kw", val=initial_wind_rating, units="kW")
             ninputs += 1
         if "pv_capacity_kw" in self.options["design_variables"]:
-            self.add_input("pv_capacity_kw", val=15000, units="kW")
+            self.add_input("pv_capacity_kw", val=hopp_technologies["pv"]["system_capacity_kw"], units="kW")
+            ninputs += 1
+        if "wave_capacity_kw" in self.options["design_variables"]:
+            initial_wave_rating = hopp_technologies["wave"]["device_rating_kw"]*hopp_technologies["wave"]["num_devices"]
+            self.add_input("wave_capacity_kw", val=initial_wave_rating, units="kW")
             ninputs += 1
         if "battery_capacity_kw" in self.options["design_variables"]:
-            self.add_input("battery_capacity_kw", val=15000, units="kW")
+            self.add_input("battery_capacity_kw", val=hopp_technologies["battery"]["system_capacity_kw"], units="kW")
             ninputs += 1
         if "battery_capacity_kwh" in self.options["design_variables"]:
-            self.add_input("battery_capacity_kwh", val=15000, units="kW*h")
+            self.add_input("battery_capacity_kwh", val=hopp_technologies["battery"]["system_capacity_kwh"], units="kW*h")
             ninputs += 1
         if ninputs == 0 or "electrolyzer_rating_kw" in self.options["design_variables"]:
             self.add_input("electrolyzer_rating_kw", val=self.options["config"].greenheart_config["electrolyzer"]["rating"]*1E3, units="kW")
@@ -57,15 +63,14 @@ def setup(self):
         if "ammonia" in self.options["config"].greenheart_config.keys():
             self.add_output("lcoa", units="USD/kg", val=0.0, desc="levelized cost of ammonia")
         if "pv_capacity_kw" in self.options["design_variables"]:
-            design_scenario = self.options["config"].plant_design_scenario
-            if self.options["config"].greenheart_config["plant_design"][f"scenario{design_scenario}"]["pv_location"] == "offshore":
-                if self.options["config"]["greenheart_config"]["opt_options"]["constraints"]["solar_platform_ratio"]["flag"]:
+            if self.options['config'].design_scenario["pv_location"] == "offshore":
+                if self.options["config"].greenheart_config["opt_options"]["constraints"]["pv_to_platform_area_ratio"]["flag"]:
 
-                    self.add_output("solar_area", units="m^2", val=0.0, desc="offshore pv array area")
-                    self.add_output("platform_area", units="m^2", val=0.0, desc="offshore platform area")
+                    self.add_output("pv_area", units="m*m", val=0.0, desc="offshore pv array area")
+                    self.add_output("platform_area", units="m*m", val=0.0, desc="offshore platform area")
 
-                    self.options["outputs_for_finite_difference"].append(["solar_area"])
-                    self.options["outputs_for_finite_difference"].append(["platform_area"])
+                    self.options["outputs_for_finite_difference"].append("pv_area")
+                    self.options["outputs_for_finite_difference"].append("platform_area")
 
     def compute(self, inputs, outputs):
 
@@ -108,8 +113,8 @@ def compute(self, inputs, outputs):
             lcoh = greenheart_output.lcoh
             steel_finance = greenheart_output.steel_finance
             ammonia_finance = greenheart_output.ammonia_finance
-            # solar_area = greenheart_output.
-            # platform_area = greenheart_output
+            pv_area = greenheart_output.hopp_results['hybrid_plant'].pv.footprint_area
+            platform_area = greenheart_output.platform_results["toparea_m2"]
 
         outputs["lcoe"] = lcoe
         outputs["lcoh"] = lcoh
@@ -119,6 +124,12 @@ def compute(self, inputs, outputs):
         if "ammonia" in self.options["config"].greenheart_config.keys():
             outputs["lcoa"] = ammonia_finance.sol.get("price")
 
+        if "pv_capacity_kw" in self.options["design_variables"]:
+            if self.options["config"].design_scenario["pv_location"] == "offshore":
+                if self.options["config"].greenheart_config["opt_options"]["constraints"]["pv_to_platform_area_ratio"]["flag"]:
+                    outputs["pv_area"] = pv_area
+                    outputs["platform_area"] = platform_area
+
     def setup_partials(self):
         self.declare_partials(self.options["outputs_for_finite_difference"], '*', method='fd', form="forward")
 

requirements.txt

@@ -47,4 +47,4 @@ orbit-nrel @ git+https://github.com/WISDEM/ORBIT.git@SemiTaut_Mooring_Update
 pyyaml-include <= 1.4.1
 electrolyzer @ git+https://github.com/jaredthomas68/electrolyzer.git@smoothing
 ProFAST @ git+https://github.com/NREL/ProFAST.git
-openmdao
+openmdao[all]

tests/greenheart/input_files/plant/greenheart_config_onshore.yaml

@@ -348,4 +348,4 @@ ammonia:
       "capital gains tax rate": 0.15
       "leverage after tax nominal discount rate": 0.10893
       "debt equity ratio of initial financing": 0.624788
-      "debt interest rate": 0.050049
+      "debt interest rate": 0.050049