c05-python-sekwencje-lekcja.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Python: Sekwencje"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "* `list()` - lista\n",
    "* `tuple()` - tupla, krotka\n",
    "* `set()` - set, zbiór\n",
    "* `frozenset()` - zbiór stały"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 253,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "from pprint import pprint\n",
    "import numpy as np\n",
    "import pandas as pd"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## `list` - Lista\n",
    "\n",
    "* Mogą przechowywać elementy dowolnych typów\n",
    "* Mutowalna - można dodawać, edytować i usuwać elenenty\n",
    "* Przecinek po ostatnim elemencie jednoelementowej listy jest opcjonalny\n",
    "* Nawiasy są wymagane"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Definicja"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "data = []\n",
    "data = list()\n",
    "\n",
    "data = [1]\n",
    "data = [1, 2, 3]\n",
    "data = [1.1, 2.2, 3.3]\n",
    "data = [1, 2.2, 'abcdef']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Konwersja"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 1,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = 'hello'\n",
    "list(data)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {
    "scrolled": true
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "list('abcdef')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[1, 2, 3]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "list([1,2,3])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {
    "scrolled": true
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[1, 2, 3]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 4,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "list((1,2,3))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[1, 2, 3]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 5,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "list({1,2,3})"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Wybieranie elementów"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'d'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 11,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']\n",
    "\n",
    "data[0]\n",
    "data[1]\n",
    "data[2]\n",
    "data[3]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Ustawianie elementów"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['a', 'y', 1.1, 'x']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 14,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']\n",
    "\n",
    "data[3] = 'x'\n",
    "data[1] = 'y'\n",
    "data[2] = 1.1\n",
    "data"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Usuwanie elementów"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['a', 'b', 'd']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 16,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']\n",
    "\n",
    "del data[2]\n",
    "data"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 21,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'d'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 21,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']\n",
    "\n",
    "result = data.pop()\n",
    "data\n",
    "result"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Dodawanie elementów (append, extend)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 23,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'x']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 23,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']\n",
    "\n",
    "data.append('x')\n",
    "data"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 25,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'x']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 25,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']\n",
    "\n",
    "data.extend('x')\n",
    "data"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 29,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'x']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 29,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']\n",
    "data = data + ['x']\n",
    "\n",
    "data"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Wstawianie elementów"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 31,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['x', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 31,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']\n",
    "\n",
    "data.insert(0, 'x')\n",
    "data"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 33,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "3"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 33,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'd']\n",
    "\n",
    "data.index('d')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Sortowanie"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 36,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "result=[1, 2, 3]\n",
      "data=[3, 1, 2]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = [3, 1, 2]\n",
    "result = sorted(data)\n",
    "\n",
    "print(f'{result=}')\n",
    "print(f'{data=}')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 39,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "data=[1, 2, 3]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = [3, 1, 2]\n",
    "data.sort()\n",
    "\n",
    "print(f'{data=}')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Łańcuchy wywołań (chaining)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 41,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[1, 2, 3, 4]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 41,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = [3, 1, 2]\n",
    "data.sort()\n",
    "data.append(4)\n",
    "\n",
    "data"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 44,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "AttributeError",
     "evalue": "'NoneType' object has no attribute 'append'",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mAttributeError\u001b[0m                            Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-44-8fbfc50abafd>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      1\u001b[0m \u001b[0mdata\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m3\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;36m1\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;36m2\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 2\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0mdata\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0msort\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mappend\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m4\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m      3\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      4\u001b[0m \u001b[0mdata\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
      "\u001b[0;31mAttributeError\u001b[0m: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'append'"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = [3, 1, 2]\n",
    "data.sort().append(4)\n",
    "\n",
    "data"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Wbudowane funkcje\n",
    "\n",
    "* `min()` - wartość minimalna\n",
    "* `max()` - wartość maksymalna\n",
    "* `sum()` - suma elementów\n",
    "* `len()` - liczba elementów\n",
    "* `any()` - czy są jakieś wartości `True`\n",
    "* `all()` - czy wszystkie wartości są `True`"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 54,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 54,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = [0, 3, 1, 2]\n",
    "\n",
    "min(data)\n",
    "max(data)\n",
    "sum(data)\n",
    "len(data)\n",
    "any(data)\n",
    "all(data)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 57,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 57,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = [True, False, True]\n",
    "\n",
    "all(data)\n",
    "any(data)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## `tuple` - Krotka\n",
    "\n",
    "* Mogą przechowywać elementy dowolnych typów\n",
    "* Są niemutowalne - nie można dodawać, edytować i usuwać elenentów\n",
    "* Przecinek po ostatnim elemencie jednoelementowej krotki jest wymagany\n",
    "* Nawiasy są opcjonalne"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Definicja"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 59,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "data = ()\n",
    "data = tuple()\n",
    "\n",
    "data = 1, 2\n",
    "data = (1, 2)\n",
    "\n",
    "data = 1,\n",
    "data = (1,)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Konwersja"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 60,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "('a', 'b', 'c', 'd')"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 60,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "tuple('abcd')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 61,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(1, 2, 3)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 61,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "tuple([1,2,3])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 63,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(1, 2, 3)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 63,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "tuple((1,2,3))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 64,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(1, 2, 3)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 64,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "tuple({1,2,3})"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Wyciąganie elementów"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 68,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'d'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 68,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = ('a', 'b', 'c', 'd')\n",
    "\n",
    "data[0]\n",
    "data[1]\n",
    "data[2]\n",
    "data[3]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Tuple kontra Int, Float, Str"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 69,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "tuple"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 69,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = (1,)\n",
    "type(data)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 77,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "float"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 77,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = (1.)\n",
    "type(data)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 70,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "tuple"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 70,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = (1,2)\n",
    "type(data)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 71,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "float"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 71,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = (1.2)\n",
    "type(data)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 72,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "float"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 72,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = 1.2\n",
    "type(data)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 73,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "tuple"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 73,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = 1,2\n",
    "type(data)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 74,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "tuple"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 74,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = 1,\n",
    "type(data)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 75,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "int"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 75,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = 1\n",
    "type(data)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 76,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "float"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 76,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = 1.\n",
    "type(data)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "type(1.2,)       # <class 'tuple'>\n",
    "type(1,2.3)      # <class 'tuple'>\n",
    "\n",
    "type(1.)         # <class 'float'>\n",
    "type(1,)         # <class 'tuple'>\n",
    "type(1.,)        # <class 'tuple'>\n",
    "type(.2)         # <class 'float'>\n",
    "type(.2,)        # <class 'tuple'>\n",
    "type(1.2)        # <class 'float'>\n",
    "type(1)          # <class 'int'>\n",
    "\n",
    "type(1.,1.)      # <class 'tuple'>\n",
    "type(.2,.2)      # <class 'tuple'>\n",
    "type(1.,.2)      # <class 'tuple'>\n",
    "\n",
    "type('foo')      # <class 'str'>\n",
    "type('foo',)     # <class 'tuple'>\n",
    "type('foo'.)     # SyntaxError: invalid syntax"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 78,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "str"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 78,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = 'Jan Twardowski'\n",
    "type(data)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 79,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "tuple"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 79,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = 'Jan Twardowski',\n",
    "type(data)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 80,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "str"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 80,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = 'Jan Twardowski,'\n",
    "type(data)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 81,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "tuple"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 81,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "administrators = 'jose', 'jan', 'mark'\n",
    "\n",
    "type(administrators)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 82,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "tuple"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 82,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "administrators = 'jose', 'jan'\n",
    "\n",
    "type(administrators)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 83,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "str"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 83,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "administrators = 'jose'\n",
    "\n",
    "type(administrators)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Tuple kontra List\n",
    "\n",
    "* tuple i list:\n",
    "\n",
    "    * uporządkowane\n",
    "    * można wybierać i wycinać elementy\n",
    "    * elementy mogą się duplikować\n",
    "    * elementy mogą być dowolnych typów\n",
    "\n",
    "* tuple:\n",
    "\n",
    "    * niemutowalne\n",
    "    * jeden spójny blok danych w pamięci\n",
    "\n",
    "* list:\n",
    "\n",
    "    * mutowalne\n",
    "    * zaimplementowane jako lista pointerów\n",
    "    * obiekty są rozrzucone w pamięci"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 86,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'0x1069c2e30'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 86,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = 'Watney'\n",
    "\n",
    "hex(id(a))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## `set` - Zbiór\n",
    "\n",
    "* Przechowuje tylko unikalne wartości\n",
    "* Mogą przechowywać elementy dowolnych typów (haszowalne)\n",
    "* Mutowalna - można dodawać, edytować i usuwać elenenty\n",
    "* Przecinek po ostatnim elemencie jednoelementowego zebioru jest opcjonalny\n",
    "* Nawiasy są wymagane"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Definicja"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 88,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "data = set()\n",
    "\n",
    "data = {1, 2, 3}\n",
    "data = {1}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 90,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{1, 2}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 90,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = {1,1,2}\n",
    "data"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 92,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{1}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 92,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = {1, 1.0}\n",
    "data"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 93,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{1.0}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 93,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = {1.0, 1}\n",
    "data"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 95,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{(1, 2, 3), 1, 2, 3}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 95,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = {1,2,3, (1,2,3)}\n",
    "data"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 99,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "TypeError",
     "evalue": "unhashable type: 'list'",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-99-a6a55b21eafb>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0mdata\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m{\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m1\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m2\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m3\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m1\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m2\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m3\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m}\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m      2\u001b[0m \u001b[0mdata\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
      "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m: unhashable type: 'list'"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = {1,2,3, [1,2,3]}\n",
    "data"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Konwersja"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 100,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'e', 'h', 'l', 'o'}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 100,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "set('hello')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 101,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{1, 2, 3}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 101,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "set([1,2,3])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 102,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{1, 2, 3}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 102,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "set((1,2,3))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 103,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{1, 2, 3}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 103,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "set({1,2,3})"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Deduplikacja"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 105,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'Lewis', 'Twardowski', 'Watney'}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 105,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = ['Twardowski', 'Watney', 'Lewis', 'Twardowski', 'Watney']\n",
    "\n",
    "set(data)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Dodawanie jednego elementu"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 108,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{1, 2, 3, 4}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 108,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = {1,2,3}\n",
    "\n",
    "data.add(4)\n",
    "data.add(3)\n",
    "data"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Dodawanie wielu elementów"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 112,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "TypeError",
     "evalue": "unhashable type: 'list'",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-112-57f6e2b5bce1>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      1\u001b[0m \u001b[0mdata\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m{\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m1\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;36m2\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;36m3\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m}\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      2\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 3\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0mdata\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mupdate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m3\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m1\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m2\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m3\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m5\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m      4\u001b[0m \u001b[0mdata\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
      "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m: unhashable type: 'list'"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = {1, 2, 3}\n",
    "\n",
    "data.update([3,[1,2,3],5])\n",
    "data"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Wyciąganie ostatniego"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 117,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{1, 2, 3}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 117,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = {1, 2, 3}\n",
    "data"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Operacje na zbiorach\n",
    "\n",
    "* `set.isdisjoint()` - Rozłączny - brak wspólnych elementów\n",
    "* `set.issubset()` - Podzbiór \n",
    "* `set.issuperset()` - Nadzbiór\n",
    "* `set.union()` - Unia - suma zbiorów\n",
    "* `set.difference()` - Różnice - Elementy z A nie będące w B\n",
    "* `set.symmetric_difference()` - Symetryczne różnice - Poza wspólnymi\n",
    "* `set.intersection()` - Przecięcie - Wspólne elementy"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 142,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 142,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "{1,2} != {2,3,4}\n",
    "{1,2} == {2,3,4}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 119,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 119,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = {1, 2}\n",
    "\n",
    "data.isdisjoint({2,3,4})"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 121,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 121,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = {1, 2}\n",
    "data.issubset({1,3})"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 143,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 143,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "{1,2} <= {1,2}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 144,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 144,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "{1,2} < {1,2}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 126,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 126,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = {1, 2}\n",
    "data.issuperset({1,2})"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 138,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 138,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "{1,2} >= {1,2}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 140,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 140,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "{1,2,3} > {1,2}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 127,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{1, 2, 3, 4}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 127,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = {1,2}\n",
    "data.union({3,4})"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 136,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{1, 2, 3, 4}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 136,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "{1,2} | {3,4}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 129,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{1}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 129,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = {1,2}\n",
    "data.difference({2,3})"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 134,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{1}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 134,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "{1,2} - {2,3}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 130,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{1, 3}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 130,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = {1,2}\n",
    "data.symmetric_difference({2,3})"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 133,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{1, 3}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 133,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "{1,2} ^ {2,3}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 131,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{2}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 131,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = {1,2}\n",
    "data.intersection({2,3})"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 132,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{2}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 132,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "{1,2} & {2,3}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Zagnieżdżone sekwencje"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Lista tupli"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 148,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'virginica'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 148,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = [\n",
    "    (4.7, 3.2, 1.3, 0.2, 'setosa'),\n",
    "    (7.0, 3.2, 4.7, 1.4, 'versicolor'),\n",
    "    (7.6, 3.0, 6.6, 2.1, 'virginica'),\n",
    "]\n",
    "\n",
    "data[2][4]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 149,
   "metadata": {
    "scrolled": true
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[(4.7, 3.2, 1.3, 0.2, 'setosa'),\n",
       " (7.0, 3.2, 4.7, 1.4, 'versicolor'),\n",
       " (7.6, 3.0, 6.6, 2.1, 'virginica'),\n",
       " (4.9, 2.5, 4.5, 1.7, 'virginica')]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 149,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = [\n",
    "    (4.7, 3.2, 1.3, 0.2, 'setosa'),\n",
    "    (7.0, 3.2, 4.7, 1.4, 'versicolor'),\n",
    "    (7.6, 3.0, 6.6, 2.1, 'virginica'),\n",
    "]\n",
    "\n",
    "row = (4.9, 2.5, 4.5, 1.7, 'virginica')\n",
    "\n",
    "data.append(row)\n",
    "data"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 150,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[(4.7, 3.2, 1.3, 0.2, 'setosa'),\n",
       " (7.0, 3.2, 4.7, 1.4, 'versicolor'),\n",
       " (7.6, 3.0, 6.6, 2.1, 'virginica'),\n",
       " 4.9,\n",
       " 2.5,\n",
       " 4.5,\n",
       " 1.7,\n",
       " 'virginica']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 150,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = [\n",
    "    (4.7, 3.2, 1.3, 0.2, 'setosa'),\n",
    "    (7.0, 3.2, 4.7, 1.4, 'versicolor'),\n",
    "    (7.6, 3.0, 6.6, 2.1, 'virginica'),\n",
    "]\n",
    "\n",
    "row = (4.9, 2.5, 4.5, 1.7, 'virginica')\n",
    "\n",
    "data.extend(row)\n",
    "data"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 154,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "5"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 154,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = [\n",
    "    (4.7, 3.2, 1.3, 0.2, 'setosa'),\n",
    "    (7.0, 3.2, 4.7, 1.4, 'versicolor'),\n",
    "    (7.6, 3.0, 6.6, 2.1, 'virginica'),\n",
    "]\n",
    "\n",
    "len(data[0])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Lista list"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 161,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "5"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 161,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = [[1, 2, 3],\n",
    "     [4, 5, 6],\n",
    "     [7, 8, 9]]\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "a[0][2]\n",
    "a[1][1]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Różne typy"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 171,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "1"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 171,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = [\n",
    "    (1, 2, 3),\n",
    "    ['a', 1, False],\n",
    "    {1, 'hello'},\n",
    "]\n",
    "\n",
    "data[1][1]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Wybieranie elementów\n",
    "\n",
    "* Indeks musi być `int` (dodatni, ujemny lub zero)\n",
    "* Indeks musi być mniejszy lub równy długości sekwencji\n",
    "* Ujemne indeksy zaczynają od prawej strony i idą do lewej"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Dodatnie indeksy"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 179,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'c'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 179,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e']\n",
    "\n",
    "data[0]\n",
    "data[1]\n",
    "data[2]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Ujemne indeksy"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 180,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'a'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 180,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e']\n",
    "\n",
    "data[-1]\n",
    "data[-2]\n",
    "data[-4]\n",
    "data[-0]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Indeksy poza zakresem"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 183,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "IndexError",
     "evalue": "list index out of range",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mIndexError\u001b[0m                                Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-183-a298c8e2ecdf>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      2\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      3\u001b[0m \u001b[0;31m# data[100]\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 4\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0mdata\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m-\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m100\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mIndexError\u001b[0m: list index out of range"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e']\n",
    "\n",
    "# data[100]\n",
    "data[-100]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Str, lista, tuple, set"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 186,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'d'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 186,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data =  ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e']\n",
    "\n",
    "data[0]\n",
    "data[-2]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 187,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'d'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 187,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data =  ('a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e')\n",
    "\n",
    "data[0]\n",
    "data[-2]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 189,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'a'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 189,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data =  'abcde'\n",
    "\n",
    "data[0]\n",
    "data[-2]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 192,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "TypeError",
     "evalue": "'set' object is not subscriptable",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-192-0426450e5b59>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      1\u001b[0m \u001b[0mdata\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m{\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m'a'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m'b'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m'c'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m'd'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m'e'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m}\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      2\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 3\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0mdata\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m0\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m      4\u001b[0m \u001b[0mdata\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m-\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m1\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
      "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m: 'set' object is not subscriptable"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = {'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'}\n",
    "\n",
    "data[0]\n",
    "data[-1]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Wycinanie elementów\n",
    "\n",
    "* Argumenty wycinania muszą być `int` (dodatni, ujemny lub zero)\n",
    "* Ujemne wycinanie zaczyna od prawej strony i idzie do lewej"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Str, lista, tuple, set"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 195,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['c', 'd']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 195,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data =  ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e']\n",
    "\n",
    "data[0:3]\n",
    "data[2:4]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 197,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "('c', 'd')"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 197,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data =  ('a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e')\n",
    "\n",
    "data[0:3]\n",
    "data[2:4]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 198,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'cd'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 198,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data =  'abcde'\n",
    "\n",
    "data[0:3]\n",
    "data[2:4]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 196,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "TypeError",
     "evalue": "'set' object is not subscriptable",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-196-8f8e078f53fb>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      1\u001b[0m \u001b[0mdata\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m  \u001b[0;34m{\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m'a'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m'b'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m'c'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m'd'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m'e'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m}\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      2\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 3\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0mdata\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m0\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m3\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m      4\u001b[0m \u001b[0mdata\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m2\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m4\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
      "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m: 'set' object is not subscriptable"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data =  {'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'}\n",
    "\n",
    "data[0:3]\n",
    "data[2:4]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Wycinanie w przód"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 200,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['d', 'e']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 200,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data =  ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e']\n",
    "\n",
    "data[0:3]\n",
    "data[2:4]\n",
    "\n",
    "data[:3]\n",
    "data[3:]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Wycinanie w tył"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 204,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['a', 'b']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 204,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data =  ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e']\n",
    "\n",
    "data[-3:-1]\n",
    "data[-3:]\n",
    "data[:-3]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Skok"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 214,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['e', 'c', 'a']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 214,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data =  ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e']\n",
    "\n",
    "data[0:5:2]\n",
    "data[:5:2]\n",
    "data[::2]\n",
    "\n",
    "data[::-2]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Wycinanie Poza zakresem"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 216,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 216,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data =  ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e']\n",
    "\n",
    "data[:100]\n",
    "data[100:]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Arytmetyka wycinań"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 221,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['b', 'c', 'd']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 221,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data =  ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e']\n",
    "\n",
    "first = data.index('b')\n",
    "last = 4\n",
    "\n",
    "data[first:last]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 220,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "1"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 220,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data.index('b')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 232,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "text = 'We choose to go to the Moon!'\n",
    "remove = 'Moon'\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "start = text.find(remove)\n",
    "end = start + len(remove)\n",
    "\n",
    "result = text[:start] + text[end:]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Zagnieżdżone sekwencje"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 241,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "9"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 241,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = [[1, 2, 3],\n",
    "        [4, 5, 6],\n",
    "        [7, 8, 9]]\n",
    "\n",
    "data[::2][1][2]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Wycinanie wszystkich"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 247,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[7, 8, 9]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 247,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = [[1, 2, 3],\n",
    "        [4, 5, 6],\n",
    "        [7, 8, 9]]\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "data[:][2]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Przykład"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "data = np.array([[1, 2, 3],\n",
    "                 [4, 5, 6],\n",
    "                 [7, 8, 9]])\n",
    "\n",
    "data[:, 1]\n",
    "# array([2, 5, 8])\n",
    "\n",
    "data[1, :]\n",
    "# array([4, 5, 6])\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "df = pd.DataFrame({\n",
    "    'A': [1, 2, 3],\n",
    "    'B': [4, 5, 6],\n",
    "    'C': [7, 8, 9]})\n",
    "\n",
    "df.loc[:, ('A','B')]\n",
    "#    A  B\n",
    "# 0  1  4\n",
    "# 1  2  5\n",
    "# 2  3  6\n",
    "\n",
    "df.loc[1, :]\n",
    "# A    2\n",
    "# B    5\n",
    "# C    8\n",
    "# Name: 1, dtype: int64"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 262,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[(5.8, 2.7, 5.1, 1.9, 'virginica'),\n",
       " (5.7, 2.8, 4.1, 1.3, 'versicolor'),\n",
       " (6.4, 3.2, 4.5, 1.5, 'versicolor')]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 262,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "DATA = [\n",
    "    ('Sepal length', 'Sepal width', 'Petal length', 'Petal width', 'Species'),\n",
    "    (5.8, 2.7, 5.1, 1.9, 'virginica'),\n",
    "    (5.1, 3.5, 1.4, 0.2, 'setosa'),\n",
    "    (5.7, 2.8, 4.1, 1.3, 'versicolor'),\n",
    "    (6.3, 2.9, 5.6, 1.8, 'virginica'),\n",
    "    (6.4, 3.2, 4.5, 1.5, 'versicolor'),\n",
    "    (4.7, 3.2, 1.3, 0.2, 'setosa'),\n",
    "]\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "DATA[1::2]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Rozpakowywanie"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Co to i po co to?"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 273,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "a=1\n",
      "b=2\n",
      "c=3\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a, b, c = 1, 2, 3\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "print(f'{a=}')\n",
    "print(f'{b=}')\n",
    "print(f'{c=}')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Błędy"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 274,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "ValueError",
     "evalue": "too many values to unpack (expected 3)",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mValueError\u001b[0m                                Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-274-cddfa131f1b1>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0ma\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mb\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mc\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0;36m1\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;36m2\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;36m3\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;36m4\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mValueError\u001b[0m: too many values to unpack (expected 3)"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a, b, c = 1, 2, 3, 4"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 275,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "ValueError",
     "evalue": "not enough values to unpack (expected 4, got 3)",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mValueError\u001b[0m                                Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-275-50407832a0d1>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0ma\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mb\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mc\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0md\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0;36m1\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;36m2\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;36m3\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mValueError\u001b[0m: not enough values to unpack (expected 4, got 3)"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a, b, c, d = 1, 2, 3"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 282,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "SyntaxError",
     "evalue": "two starred expressions in assignment (<ipython-input-282-090df7dae03e>, line 1)",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;36m  File \u001b[0;32m\"<ipython-input-282-090df7dae03e>\"\u001b[0;36m, line \u001b[0;32m1\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;31m    a, *b, *c = 1, 7\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m    ^\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;31mSyntaxError\u001b[0m\u001b[0;31m:\u001b[0m two starred expressions in assignment\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a, *b, *c = 1, 7\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "print(f'{a=}')\n",
    "print(f'{b=}')\n",
    "print(f'{c=}')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Zmienna długość"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 276,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "a=1\n",
      "b=2\n",
      "c=[3, 4, 5, 6, 7]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a, b, *c = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "print(f'{a=}')\n",
    "print(f'{b=}')\n",
    "print(f'{c=}')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 277,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "a=[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]\n",
      "b=6\n",
      "c=7\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "*a, b, c = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "print(f'{a=}')\n",
    "print(f'{b=}')\n",
    "print(f'{c=}')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 278,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "a=1\n",
      "b=[2, 3, 4, 5, 6]\n",
      "c=7\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a, *b, c = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "print(f'{a=}')\n",
    "print(f'{b=}')\n",
    "print(f'{c=}')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 281,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "a=1\n",
      "b=7\n",
      "c=[]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a, b, *c = 1, 7\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "print(f'{a=}')\n",
    "print(f'{b=}')\n",
    "print(f'{c=}')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Zagnieżdżone"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 287,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "a=1\n",
      "b=2\n",
      "c=3\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a, (b, c) = 1, (2, 3)\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "print(f'{a=}')\n",
    "print(f'{b=}')\n",
    "print(f'{c=}')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 289,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "a=1\n",
      "b=2\n",
      "c=[3, (4, 5, 6, 7)]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a, b, *c = 1, 2, 3, (4, 5, 6, 7)\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "print(f'{a=}')\n",
    "print(f'{b=}')\n",
    "print(f'{c=}')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Konwencje i dobre praktyki"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 292,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "first=1\n",
      "second=2\n",
      "others=[3, 4, 5, 6, 7]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "first, second, *others = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "print(f'{first=}')\n",
    "print(f'{second=}')\n",
    "print(f'{others=}')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 294,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "first=1\n",
      "middle=[2, 3, 4, 5, 6]\n",
      "last=7\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "first, *middle, last = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "print(f'{first=}')\n",
    "print(f'{middle=}')\n",
    "print(f'{last=}')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 296,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "first=1\n",
      "others=[1, 2]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "*others, last = 1,2,3\n",
    "\n",
    "print(f'{first=}')\n",
    "print(f'{others=}')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Pomijanie wartości"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 299,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Jan Twardowski\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "_ = 'Jan Twardowski'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 300,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "b=2\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "_, (b, _) = 1, (2, 3)\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "print(f'{b=}')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 301,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "a=1\n",
      "b=2\n",
      "c=3\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a, b, c, *_ = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "print(f'{a=}')\n",
    "print(f'{b=}')\n",
    "print(f'{c=}')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 314,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "3.875\n",
      "virginica\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "*X,y = (5.8, 2.7, 5.1, 1.9, 'virginica')\n",
    "\n",
    "mean = sum(X) / len(X)\n",
    "\n",
    "print(mean)\n",
    "print(y)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Przykłady"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 316,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "ares3\n",
      "['watney', 'lewis', 'vogel', 'johanssen']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "line = 'ares3,watney,lewis,vogel,johanssen'\n",
    "\n",
    "mission, *astronauts = line.split(',')\n",
    "\n",
    "print(mission)\n",
    "print(astronauts)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 326,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "a=0\n",
      "b=1\n",
      "c=[2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a, b, *c = range(0,100)\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "print(f'{a=}')\n",
    "print(f'{b=}')\n",
    "print(f'{c=}')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 334,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[0, 2, 4, 6, 8]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 334,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data = range(0, 10, 2)\n",
    "list(data)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
 ],
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