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analysis.html
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="generator" content="quarto-1.3.353">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=yes">
<title>BVI App Analysis</title>
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</head>
<body class="fullcontent">
<div id="quarto-content" class="page-columns page-rows-contents page-layout-article">
<main class="content page-columns page-full" id="quarto-document-content">
<header id="title-block-header" class="quarto-title-block default">
<div class="quarto-title">
<h1 class="title">BVI App Analysis</h1>
</div>
<div class="quarto-title-meta">
</div>
</header>
<section id="descriptive-visualizations-of-waist-circumference-measurements-across-three-modes-of-data-collection" class="level2 page-columns page-full">
<h2 class="anchored" data-anchor-id="descriptive-visualizations-of-waist-circumference-measurements-across-three-modes-of-data-collection">1. Descriptive visualizations of <strong>waist circumference</strong> measurements across three modes of data collection</h2>
<p>As agreed in the last meeting, the analysis of BVI measurements against interviewer-led and respondent self-measurement will be restricted to waist circumference only, given that hip circumference measurements provided to us by Select Research had several issues, mostly related to missing data.</p>
<p>The box plots below will mark outlier positions in dark blue, that is, points that lie more than 1.5 times the interquartile range (IQR) above the third quartile or below the first quartile.</p>
<section id="a.-self-measurement-of-waist-circumference-without-interviewer-present" class="level3 page-columns page-full">
<h3 class="anchored" data-anchor-id="a.-self-measurement-of-waist-circumference-without-interviewer-present">A. Self-Measurement of Waist Circumference (without interviewer present)</h3>
<div class="cell column-screen-inset-shaded quarto-layout-panel">
<div class="quarto-layout-row quarto-layout-valign-top">
<div class="cell-output-display quarto-layout-cell" style="flex-basis: 50.0%;justify-content: center;">
<p><img src="analysis_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-2-1.png" class="img-fluid" width="672"></p>
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<p><img src="analysis_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-2-4.png" class="img-fluid" width="672"></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="b.-interviewer-aided-self-measurement-of-waist-circumference" class="level3 page-columns page-full">
<h3 class="anchored" data-anchor-id="b.-interviewer-aided-self-measurement-of-waist-circumference">B. Interviewer-aided Self-Measurement of Waist Circumference</h3>
<p>For the interviewer-aided self-measurement, we use for the analysis the 2nd measurement. If three measurements were taken (when there’s a significant discrepancy between measurement 1 and measurement 2), we consider the 3rd measurement.</p>
<div class="cell column-screen-inset-shaded quarto-layout-panel">
<div class="quarto-layout-row quarto-layout-valign-top">
<div class="cell-output-display quarto-layout-cell" style="flex-basis: 50.0%;justify-content: center;">
<p><img src="analysis_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-3-1.png" class="img-fluid" width="672"></p>
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<p><img src="analysis_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-3-2.png" class="img-fluid" width="672"></p>
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</div>
<div class="quarto-layout-row quarto-layout-valign-top">
<div class="cell-output-display quarto-layout-cell" style="flex-basis: 50.0%;justify-content: center;">
<p><img src="analysis_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-3-3.png" class="img-fluid" width="672"></p>
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<div class="cell-output-display quarto-layout-cell" style="flex-basis: 50.0%;justify-content: center;">
<p><img src="analysis_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-3-4.png" class="img-fluid" width="672"></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="c.-mybvi-app" class="level3 page-columns page-full">
<h3 class="anchored" data-anchor-id="c.-mybvi-app">C. MyBVI App</h3>
<p>The plots below exclude individuals reporting a waist circumference > 250cm (n=3). However, it does include 52 individuals who report waist circumferences > 150cm, which we considered the ceiling in the self-measurement sub-samples.</p>
<div class="cell column-screen-inset-shaded quarto-layout-panel">
<div class="quarto-layout-row quarto-layout-valign-top">
<div class="cell-output-display quarto-layout-cell" style="flex-basis: 50.0%;justify-content: center;">
<p><img src="analysis_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-4-1.png" class="img-fluid" width="672"></p>
</div>
<div class="cell-output-display quarto-layout-cell" style="flex-basis: 50.0%;justify-content: center;">
<p><img src="analysis_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-4-2.png" class="img-fluid" width="672"></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="quarto-layout-row quarto-layout-valign-top">
<div class="cell-output-display quarto-layout-cell" style="flex-basis: 50.0%;justify-content: center;">
<p><img src="analysis_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-4-3.png" class="img-fluid" width="672"></p>
</div>
<div class="cell-output-display quarto-layout-cell" style="flex-basis: 50.0%;justify-content: center;">
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</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after: always;"></div>
</section>
</section>
<section id="benchmarking" class="level2 page-columns page-full">
<h2 class="anchored" data-anchor-id="benchmarking">2. Benchmarking</h2>
<p>In this section, we focus on the sub-sample of respondents from whom we collected measurements from two modes.</p>
<section id="self-measurement-v.-interviewer-aided" class="level4 page-columns page-full">
<h4 class="anchored" data-anchor-id="self-measurement-v.-interviewer-aided">Self-measurement v. Interviewer-aided</h4>
<div class="cell column-screen-inset-shaded quarto-layout-panel">
<div class="quarto-layout-row quarto-layout-valign-top">
<div class="cell-output-display quarto-layout-cell" style="flex-basis: 50.0%;justify-content: center;">
<p><img src="analysis_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-6-1.png" class="img-fluid" width="672"></p>
</div>
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<p><img src="analysis_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-6-2.png" class="img-fluid" width="672"></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="mybvi-app-v.-self-measurement" class="level4 page-columns page-full">
<h4 class="anchored" data-anchor-id="mybvi-app-v.-self-measurement">MyBVI App v. Self-Measurement</h4>
<div class="cell column-screen-inset-shaded quarto-layout-panel">
<div class="quarto-layout-row quarto-layout-valign-top">
<div class="cell-output-display quarto-layout-cell" style="flex-basis: 50.0%;justify-content: center;">
<p><img src="analysis_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-8-1.png" class="img-fluid" width="672"></p>
</div>
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<p><img src="analysis_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-8-2.png" class="img-fluid" width="672"></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="mybvi-app-v.-interviewer-aided" class="level4 page-columns page-full">
<h4 class="anchored" data-anchor-id="mybvi-app-v.-interviewer-aided">MyBVI App v. Interviewer-aided</h4>
<div class="cell column-screen-inset-shaded quarto-layout-panel">
<div class="quarto-layout-row quarto-layout-valign-top">
<div class="cell-output-display quarto-layout-cell" style="flex-basis: 50.0%;justify-content: center;">
<p><img src="analysis_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-10-1.png" class="img-fluid" width="672"></p>
</div>
<div class="cell-output-display quarto-layout-cell" style="flex-basis: 50.0%;justify-content: center;">
<p><img src="analysis_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-10-2.png" class="img-fluid" width="672"></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after: always;"></div>
</section>
</section>
<section id="explaining-the-differences" class="level2 page-columns page-full">
<h2 class="anchored" data-anchor-id="explaining-the-differences">3. Explaining the differences</h2>
<section id="i-self-reported-auxiliary-data" class="level3 page-columns page-full">
<h3 class="anchored" data-anchor-id="i-self-reported-auxiliary-data">(i) Self-reported auxiliary data</h3>
<p>We know that the proprietary algorithm developed by Select Research used self-reported data on the app for Sex, Age, Height and Weight to project the 3D avatar of respondents and estimate body volume biomarkers. Could the differences in waist circumference we observe between the app and interviewer-aided self-measurement be driven by a bias in the information respondents provide about themselves in the app on these 4 dimensions?</p>
<div class="columns">
<div class="column" style="width:49%;">
<section id="age" class="level4">
<h4 class="anchored" data-anchor-id="age">Age</h4>
<p>Only 5/98 observations (5%) revealed differences in self-reported age in the app compared to the survey. Only 2% were significant differences in age (5 and 11 years).</p>
</section>
</div><div class="column" style="width:2%;">
<!-- empty column to create gap -->
</div><div class="column" style="width:49%;">
<section id="sex" class="level4">
<h4 class="anchored" data-anchor-id="sex">Sex</h4>
<p>Only 1 case of difference in reported sex between the survey and the app.</p>
</section>
</div>
</div>
<div class="grid">
<section id="height" class="level4 g-col-6">
<h4 class="anchored" data-anchor-id="height">Height</h4>
<p>47/98 (48%) of reported heights are different in the app v survey, 12 (25%) of these were reported downwards in the app. In only 22 cases were the reported discrepancies bigger than 1cm.</p>
<p>The plot below highlights the respondents for whom there was a difference in reported <strong>height</strong> in the app (∆Height). The darker the dot, the larger was the height difference in cm.</p>
</section>
<section id="weight" class="level4 g-col-6">
<h4 class="anchored" data-anchor-id="weight">Weight</h4>
<p>52/98 (53%) of reported heights are different in the app v survey, 22 (42%) of these were reported downwards in the app. In only 23 cases were the reported discrepancies bigger than 1kg.</p>
<p>The plot below highlights the respondents for whom there was a difference in reported <strong>weight</strong> in the app (∆Height). The darker the dot, the larger was the <strong>height</strong> difference in kg.</p>
</section>
</div>
<div class="cell column-screen-inset-shaded quarto-layout-panel">
<div class="quarto-layout-row quarto-layout-valign-top">
<div class="cell-output-display quarto-layout-cell" style="flex-basis: 50.0%;justify-content: center;">
<p><img src="analysis_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-15-1.png" class="img-fluid" width="672"></p>
</div>
<div class="cell-output-display quarto-layout-cell" style="flex-basis: 50.0%;justify-content: center;">
<p><img src="analysis_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-15-2.png" class="img-fluid" width="672"></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="ii-regressing-differences-in-waist-measurements-interviewer-led-v.-mybvi-on-debrief-questions" class="level3 page-columns page-full">
<h3 class="anchored" data-anchor-id="ii-regressing-differences-in-waist-measurements-interviewer-led-v.-mybvi-on-debrief-questions">(ii) Regressing differences in waist measurements (Interviewer-Led v. MyBVI) on debrief questions</h3>
<p>A recap on the debrief questions:</p>
<ul>
<li>Who took the photo?</li>
<li>Any items on the background?</li>
<li>Colour of Background wall?</li>
<li>Shade of background wall (if colour is not white)</li>
<li>Types of clothing worn</li>
<li>Lighting when photos were taken</li>
</ul>
<p>Below are the results from bivariate regressions between each of these items and the absolute difference (in cm) in waist circumference measured by in interviewer-led and MyBVI app.</p>
<div class="cell column-screen-inset-shaded quarto-layout-panel">
<div class="quarto-layout-row quarto-layout-valign-top">
<div class="cell-output-display quarto-layout-cell" style="flex-basis: 50.0%;justify-content: center;">
<p><img src="analysis_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-19-1.png" class="img-fluid" width="672"></p>
</div>
<div class="cell-output-display quarto-layout-cell" style="flex-basis: 50.0%;justify-content: center;">
<p><img src="analysis_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-19-2.png" class="img-fluid" width="672"></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="iii-regressing-differences-in-waist-measurements-on-socio-demographics" class="level3 page-columns page-full">
<h3 class="anchored" data-anchor-id="iii-regressing-differences-in-waist-measurements-on-socio-demographics">(iii) Regressing differences in waist measurements on socio demographics</h3>
<section id="difference-in-waist-circumference-between-mybvi-and-interviewer-on-ses" class="level4 page-columns page-full">
<h4 class="anchored" data-anchor-id="difference-in-waist-circumference-between-mybvi-and-interviewer-on-ses">Difference in Waist Circumference between MyBVI and Interviewer on SES</h4>
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<h4 class="anchored" data-anchor-id="regression-resuls">Regression Resuls</h4>
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<td headers="estimate" class="gt_row gt_center">6.3</td>
<td headers="ci" class="gt_row gt_center">-0.68, 13</td>
<td headers="p.value" class="gt_row gt_center">0.076</td></tr>
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<td headers="ci" class="gt_row gt_center">-4.2, -1.1</td>
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<td headers="estimate" class="gt_row gt_center">—</td>
<td headers="ci" class="gt_row gt_center">—</td>
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<td headers="p.value" class="gt_row gt_center">0.8</td></tr>
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<td headers="ci" class="gt_row gt_center"></td>
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<td headers="estimate" class="gt_row gt_center">—</td>
<td headers="ci" class="gt_row gt_center">—</td>
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<td headers="estimate" class="gt_row gt_center">11</td>
<td headers="ci" class="gt_row gt_center">0.00, 22</td>
<td headers="p.value" class="gt_row gt_center">0.050</td></tr>
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<td headers="estimate" class="gt_row gt_center">4.0</td>
<td headers="ci" class="gt_row gt_center">-4.8, 13</td>
<td headers="p.value" class="gt_row gt_center">0.4</td></tr>
<tr><td headers="label" class="gt_row gt_left" style="font-style: italic;"> No Qualifications</td>
<td headers="estimate" class="gt_row gt_center">-5.8</td>
<td headers="ci" class="gt_row gt_center">-17, 5.6</td>
<td headers="p.value" class="gt_row gt_center">0.3</td></tr>
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<td class="gt_footnote" colspan="4"><span class="gt_footnote_marks" style="white-space:nowrap;font-style:italic;font-weight:normal;"><sup>1</sup></span> CI = Confidence Interval</td>
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</section>
</section>
<section id="respondents-for-whom-difference-between-self-and-interviewer-measurements-was-less-than-2cm" class="level3 page-columns page-full">
<h3 class="anchored" data-anchor-id="respondents-for-whom-difference-between-self-and-interviewer-measurements-was-less-than-2cm">Respondents for whom difference between <strong>self</strong> and <strong>interviewer</strong> measurements was less than 2cm</h3>
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// use id or data attribute instead here
let href = ref.getAttribute('data-footnote-href') || ref.getAttribute('href');
try { href = new URL(href).hash; } catch {}
const id = href.replace(/^#\/?/, "");
const note = window.document.getElementById(id);
return note.innerHTML;
});
}
let selectedAnnoteEl;
const selectorForAnnotation = ( cell, annotation) => {
let cellAttr = 'data-code-cell="' + cell + '"';
let lineAttr = 'data-code-annotation="' + annotation + '"';
const selector = 'span[' + cellAttr + '][' + lineAttr + ']';
return selector;
}
const selectCodeLines = (annoteEl) => {
const doc = window.document;
const targetCell = annoteEl.getAttribute("data-target-cell");
const targetAnnotation = annoteEl.getAttribute("data-target-annotation");
const annoteSpan = window.document.querySelector(selectorForAnnotation(targetCell, targetAnnotation));
const lines = annoteSpan.getAttribute("data-code-lines").split(",");
const lineIds = lines.map((line) => {
return targetCell + "-" + line;
})
let top = null;
let height = null;
let parent = null;
if (lineIds.length > 0) {
//compute the position of the single el (top and bottom and make a div)
const el = window.document.getElementById(lineIds[0]);
top = el.offsetTop;
height = el.offsetHeight;
parent = el.parentElement.parentElement;
if (lineIds.length > 1) {
const lastEl = window.document.getElementById(lineIds[lineIds.length - 1]);
const bottom = lastEl.offsetTop + lastEl.offsetHeight;
height = bottom - top;
}
if (top !== null && height !== null && parent !== null) {
// cook up a div (if necessary) and position it
let div = window.document.getElementById("code-annotation-line-highlight");
if (div === null) {
div = window.document.createElement("div");
div.setAttribute("id", "code-annotation-line-highlight");
div.style.position = 'absolute';
parent.appendChild(div);
}
div.style.top = top - 2 + "px";
div.style.height = height + 4 + "px";
let gutterDiv = window.document.getElementById("code-annotation-line-highlight-gutter");
if (gutterDiv === null) {
gutterDiv = window.document.createElement("div");
gutterDiv.setAttribute("id", "code-annotation-line-highlight-gutter");
gutterDiv.style.position = 'absolute';
const codeCell = window.document.getElementById(targetCell);
const gutter = codeCell.querySelector('.code-annotation-gutter');
gutter.appendChild(gutterDiv);
}
gutterDiv.style.top = top - 2 + "px";
gutterDiv.style.height = height + 4 + "px";
}
selectedAnnoteEl = annoteEl;
}
};
const unselectCodeLines = () => {
const elementsIds = ["code-annotation-line-highlight", "code-annotation-line-highlight-gutter"];
elementsIds.forEach((elId) => {
const div = window.document.getElementById(elId);
if (div) {
div.remove();
}
});
selectedAnnoteEl = undefined;
};
// Attach click handler to the DT
const annoteDls = window.document.querySelectorAll('dt[data-target-cell]');
for (const annoteDlNode of annoteDls) {
annoteDlNode.addEventListener('click', (event) => {
const clickedEl = event.target;
if (clickedEl !== selectedAnnoteEl) {
unselectCodeLines();
const activeEl = window.document.querySelector('dt[data-target-cell].code-annotation-active');
if (activeEl) {
activeEl.classList.remove('code-annotation-active');
}
selectCodeLines(clickedEl);
clickedEl.classList.add('code-annotation-active');
} else {
// Unselect the line