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StyleGANv2 (CVPR'2020)

Analyzing and Improving the Image Quality of Stylegan

Task: Unconditional GANs

Abstract

The style-based GAN architecture (StyleGAN) yields state-of-the-art results in data-driven unconditional generative image modeling. We expose and analyze several of its characteristic artifacts, and propose changes in both model architecture and training methods to address them. In particular, we redesign the generator normalization, revisit progressive growing, and regularize the generator to encourage good conditioning in the mapping from latent codes to images. In addition to improving image quality, this path length regularizer yields the additional benefit that the generator becomes significantly easier to invert. This makes it possible to reliably attribute a generated image to a particular network. We furthermore visualize how well the generator utilizes its output resolution, and identify a capacity problem, motivating us to train larger models for additional quality improvements. Overall, our improved model redefines the state of the art in unconditional image modeling, both in terms of existing distribution quality metrics as well as perceived image quality.

Results and Models

Results (compressed) from StyleGAN2 config-f trained by mmagic
Model Dataset Comment FID50k Precision50k Recall50k Download
stylegan2_c2_8xb4_ffhq-1024x1024 FFHQ official weight 2.8134 62.856 49.400 model
stylegan2_c2_8xb4_lsun-car-384x512 LSUN_CAR official weight 5.4316 65.986 48.190 model
stylegan2_c2_8xb4-800kiters_lsun-horse-256x256 LSUN_HORSE official weight - - - model
stylegan2_c2_8xb4-800kiters_lsun-church-256x256 LSUN_CHURCH official weight - - - model
stylegan2_c2_8xb4-800kiters_lsun-cat-256x256 LSUN_CAT official weight - - - model
stylegan2_c2_8xb4-800kiters_ffhq-256x256 FFHQ our training 3.992 69.012 40.417 model
stylegan2_c2_8xb4_ffhq-1024x1024 FFHQ our training 2.8185 68.236 49.583 model
stylegan2_c2_8xb4_lsun-car-384x512 LSUN_CAR our training 2.4116 66.760 50.576 model

FP16 Support and Experiments

Currently, we have supported FP16 training for StyleGAN2, and here are the results for the mixed-precision training. (Experiments for FFHQ1024 will come soon.)

Evaluation FID for FP32 and FP16 training

As shown in the figure, we provide 3 ways to do mixed-precision training for StyleGAN2:

  • stylegan2_c2_fp16_PL-no-scaler: In this setting, we try our best to follow the official FP16 implementation in StyleGAN2-ADA. Similar to the official version, we only adopt FP16 training for the higher-resolution feature maps (the last 4 stages in G and the first 4 stages). Note that we do not adopt the clamp way to avoid gradient overflow used in the official implementation. We use the autocast function from torch.cuda.amp package.
  • stylegan2_c2_fp16-globalG-partialD_PL-R1-no-scaler: In this config, we try to adopt mixed-precision training for the whole generator, but in partial discriminator (the first 4 higher-resolution stages). Note that we do not apply the loss scaler in the path length loss and gradient penalty loss. Because we always meet divergence after adopting the loss scaler to scale the gradient in these two losses.
  • stylegan2_c2_apex_fp16_PL-R1-no-scaler: In this setting, we adopt the APEX toolkit to implement mixed-precision training with multiple loss/gradient scalers. In APEX, you can assign different loss scalers for the generator and the discriminator respectively. Note that we still ignore the gradient scaler in the path length loss and gradient penalty loss.
Model Comment Dataset FID50k Download
stylegan2_c2_8xb4-800kiters_ffhq-256x256 baseline FFHQ256 3.992 ckpt
stylegan2_c2-PL_8xb4-fp16-partial-GD-no-scaler-800kiters_ffhq-256x256 partial layers in fp16 FFHQ256 4.331 ckpt
stylegan2_c2-PL-R1_8xb4-fp16-globalG-partialD-no-scaler-800kiters_ffhq-256x256 the whole G in fp16 FFHQ256 4.362 ckpt
stylegan2_c2-PL-R1_8xb4-apex-fp16-no-scaler-800kiters_ffhq-256x256 the whole G&D in fp16 + two loss scaler FFHQ256 4.614 ckpt

As shown in this table, P&R50k_full is the metric used in StyleGANv1 and StyleGANv2. full indicates that we use the whole dataset for extracting the real distribution, e.g., 70000 images in FFHQ dataset. However, adopting the VGG16 provided from Tero requires that your PyTorch version must fulfill >=1.6.0. Be careful about using the PyTorch's VGG16 to extract features, which will cause higher precision and recall.

Citation

@inproceedings{karras2020analyzing,
  title={Analyzing and improving the image quality of stylegan},
  author={Karras, Tero and Laine, Samuli and Aittala, Miika and Hellsten, Janne and Lehtinen, Jaakko and Aila, Timo},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition},
  pages={8110--8119},
  year={2020},
  url={https://openaccess.thecvf.com/content_CVPR_2020/html/Karras_Analyzing_and_Improving_the_Image_Quality_of_StyleGAN_CVPR_2020_paper.html},
}