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Roles.md

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LAB: Roles

This scenario shows:

  • how to create roles

Prerequisite

Steps

  • Update site.yml with 'roles'.
---

- hosts: all
  become: true
  pre_tasks:

  - name: install updates (CentOS)
    tags: always
    dnf:
      update_only: yes
      update_cache: yes
    when: ansible_distribution == "CentOS"

  - name: install updates (Ubuntu)
    tags: always
    apt:
      upgrade: dist
      update_cache: yes
    when: ansible_distribution == "Ubuntu"

- hosts: all
  become: true
  roles:
    - base

- hosts: web_servers
  become: true
  roles:
    - web_servers

- hosts: database_servers
  become: true
  roles:
    - database_servers

image

  • Create directories.
mkdir role
cd role
mkdir base
mkdir web_servers
mkdir database_servers

image

  • Create subdirectories
cd role
mkdir base/tasks
mkdir web_servers/tasks
mkdir database_servers/tasks

image

  • Create file 'main.yml' under 'role/base/tasks' with 'nano main.yml' and copy followings (taken from previous 'site.yml'):
- name: add ssh key for new user
  authorized_key:
    user: newuser111
    key: "ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABgQCdEJ8xu1C0kJ4Y39x2bfptMQVdxnPDXrkjmDvB44oDV78yKWg/0B/kacMqiEaaiEyAedHlk>
  • Create file 'main.yml' under 'role/database_servers/tasks' with 'nano main.yml' and copy followings (taken from previous 'site.yml'):
- name: install MariaDB (CentOS)
  tags: centos,db,mariadb
  dnf:
    name: mariadb
    state: latest
  when: ansible_distribution == "CentOS"

- name: install MariaDB (Ubuntu)
  tags: ubuntu,db,mariadb-server
  apt:
    name: mariadb-server
    state: latest
  when: ansible_distribution == "Ubuntu"
  • Create file 'main.yml' under 'role/web_servers/tasks' with 'nano main.yml' and copy followings (taken from previous 'site.yml'):
- name: install apache and php (CentOS)
  tags: centos,apache,httpd
  dnf:
    name:
      - httpd
      - php
    state: latest
  when: ansible_distribution == "CentOS"

- name: install apache and php (Ubuntu)
  tags: ubuntu,apache,apache2
  apt:
    name:
      - apache2
      - libapache2-mod-php
    state: latest
  when: ansible_distribution == "Ubuntu"
  
- name: start apache (Ubuntu)
  tags: ubuntu,apache,apache2
  service:
    name: apache2
    state: started
    enabled: yes
  when: ansible_distribution == "Ubuntu"
  
- name: change email address for admin (Ubuntu)
  tags: ubuntu,apache,apache2
  lineinfile:
    path: /etc/apache2/sites-available/000-default.conf
    regexp: 'ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost'
    line: '       ServerAdmin somebody@somewhere.com'
  when: ansible_distribution == "Ubuntu"
  register: apache2_service

- name: restart apache (Ubuntu)
  tags: ubuntu,apache,apache2
  service:
    name: apache2
    state: restarted
  when: apache2_service.changed
  
- name: copy default (index) html file for site
  tags: apache,apache2,httpd
  copy:
    src: default_site.html
    dest: /var/www/html/index.html
    owner: root
    group: root
    mode: 0644    
    
- name: install unzip
  package:
    name: unzip

- name: install terraform
  unarchive:
    src: https://releases.hashicorp.com/terraform/1.3.4/terraform_1.3.4_linux_amd64.zip
    dest: /usr/local/bin
    remote_src: yes
    owner: root
    group: root
    mode: 0755
  • Create directory 'roles/web_servers/files' and files in the 'files' directory
mkdir files
cp ../../files/default_site.html files/default_site.html

image

  • Printscreen shows the structure of the directories. Structure should be like that, because Ansible finds the tasks with that way (e.g. roles/[nameofrole]/tasks/main.yml)

image

  • Run ansible-playbook
ansible-playbook site.yml

image