summraize_news_articles.ipynb

{
  "nbformat": 4,
  "nbformat_minor": 2,
  "metadata": {
    "colab": {
      "name": "summraize-news-articles-hugging-face.ipynb",
      "provenance": [],
      "collapsed_sections": []
    },
    "kernelspec": {
      "name": "python3",
      "display_name": "Python 3"
    },
    "language_info": {
      "name": "python"
    }
  },
  "cells": [
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": 1,
      "source": [
        "!pip install newspaper3k transformers gradio --quiet "
      ],
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "\u001b[K     |████████████████████████████████| 211 kB 7.4 MB/s \n",
            "\u001b[K     |████████████████████████████████| 2.6 MB 46.6 MB/s \n",
            "\u001b[K     |████████████████████████████████| 2.2 MB 11.0 MB/s \n",
            "\u001b[K     |████████████████████████████████| 81 kB 6.9 MB/s \n",
            "\u001b[K     |████████████████████████████████| 7.4 MB 47.2 MB/s \n",
            "\u001b[K     |████████████████████████████████| 87 kB 6.7 MB/s \n",
            "\u001b[K     |████████████████████████████████| 3.3 MB 60.2 MB/s \n",
            "\u001b[K     |████████████████████████████████| 895 kB 62.9 MB/s \n",
            "\u001b[K     |████████████████████████████████| 636 kB 58.5 MB/s \n",
            "\u001b[K     |████████████████████████████████| 206 kB 56.1 MB/s \n",
            "\u001b[K     |████████████████████████████████| 1.9 MB 45.3 MB/s \n",
            "\u001b[K     |████████████████████████████████| 961 kB 36.7 MB/s \n",
            "\u001b[K     |████████████████████████████████| 3.2 MB 29.6 MB/s \n",
            "\u001b[K     |████████████████████████████████| 63 kB 2.7 MB/s \n",
            "\u001b[?25h  Building wheel for tinysegmenter (setup.py) ... \u001b[?25l\u001b[?25hdone\n",
            "  Building wheel for feedfinder2 (setup.py) ... \u001b[?25l\u001b[?25hdone\n",
            "  Building wheel for jieba3k (setup.py) ... \u001b[?25l\u001b[?25hdone\n",
            "  Building wheel for ffmpy (setup.py) ... \u001b[?25l\u001b[?25hdone\n",
            "  Building wheel for flask-cachebuster (setup.py) ... \u001b[?25l\u001b[?25hdone\n",
            "  Building wheel for sgmllib3k (setup.py) ... \u001b[?25l\u001b[?25hdone\n"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "CTAy7jRsTrL0",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "outputId": "048824ae-061e-4626-8217-430091430e55"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "## Load libraries"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "olfs_aGNXJnx"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": 2,
      "source": [
        "from newspaper import Article\r\n",
        "from newspaper import Config\r\n",
        "import nltk\r\n",
        "nltk.download('punkt')\r\n",
        "\r\n",
        "from transformers import pipeline\r\n",
        "import gradio as gr\r\n",
        "from gradio.mix import Parallel, Series"
      ],
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "[nltk_data] Downloading package punkt to /root/nltk_data...\n",
            "[nltk_data]   Unzipping tokenizers/punkt.zip.\n"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "4MXxiFLyXKmJ",
        "outputId": "5ab7b0ff-e17e-44d2-dc42-a8931fa7b7ca"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": 3,
      "source": [
        "USER_AGENT = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.15; rv:78.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/78.0'\r\n",
        "\r\n",
        "config = Config()\r\n",
        "config.browser_user_agent = USER_AGENT\r\n",
        "config.request_timeout = 10\r\n",
        "\r\n",
        "url = 'https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/07/09/1028140/ai-voice-actors-sound-human/'\r\n",
        "article = Article(url, config=config)"
      ],
      "outputs": [],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "1p4LpNOmVdoR"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "## Download the article"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "LsDGs17PXsl7"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": 4,
      "source": [
        "article.download() "
      ],
      "outputs": [],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "l-byYnIVWJfj"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": 5,
      "source": [
        "article.html"
      ],
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
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human than ever—and they’re ready to hire\"/><meta data-react-helmet=\"true\" name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"A new wave of startups are using deep learning to build synthetic voice actors for digital assistants, video-game characters, and corporate videos.\"/><meta data-react-helmet=\"true\" name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"https://wp.technologyreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/AIAudioActor-2.jpg?resize=1200,600\"/><meta data-react-helmet=\"true\" name=\"twitter:url\" content=\"https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/07/09/1028140/ai-voice-actors-sound-human/\"/>\\n    <link data-react-helmet=\"true\" rel=\"shortcut icon\" href=\"static/media/favicon.1cfcdb44.ico\"/><link data-react-helmet=\"true\" rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/07/09/1028140/ai-voice-actors-sound-human/\"/><link data-react-helmet=\"true\" rel=\"amphtml\" href=\"https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/07/09/1028140/ai-voice-actors-sound-human/amp/\"/>\\n    \\n    \\n\\n    \\n   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WellSaid Labs describes what clients can expect from its “eight new digital voice actors!” Tobin is “energetic and insightful.” Paige is “poised and expressive.” Ava is “polished, self-assured, and professional.”\\\\u003c/p>  \\\\u003cp>Each one is based on a real voice actor, whose likeness (with consent) has been preserved using AI. Companies can now license these voices to say whatever they need. They simply feed some text into the voice engine, and out will spool a crisp audio clip of a natural-sounding performance.\\\\u003c/p>  \\\\u003cp>\\\\u003ca href=\\\\\"https://wellsaidlabs.com/features/studio\\\\\">WellSaid Labs\\\\u003c/a>, a Seattle-based startup that spun out of the research nonprofit Allen Institute of Artificial Intelligence, is the latest firm offering AI voices to clients. For now, it specializes in voices for corporate e-learning videos. Other startups make voices for \\\\u003ca href=\\\\\"https://www.resemble.ai/\\\\\">digital assistants\\\\u003c/a>, \\\\u003ca href=\\\\\"https://vocalid.ai/\\\\\">call center operators\\\\u003c/a>, and even \\\\u003ca href=\\\\\"https://www.sonantic.io/\\\\\">video-game characters\\\\u003c/a>.\\\\u003c/p>  \\\\u003ciframe width=\\\\\"100%\\\\\" height=\\\\\"166\\\\\" scrolling=\\\\\"no\\\\\" frameborder=\\\\\"no\\\\\" allow=\\\\\"autoplay\\\\\" src=\\\\\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/1084583143&amp;color=%23ff5500&amp;auto_play=false&amp;hide_related=false&amp;show_comments=true&amp;show_user=true&amp;show_reposts=false&amp;show_teaser=true\\\\\">\\\\u003c/iframe>  \\\\u003ciframe width=\\\\\"100%\\\\\" height=\\\\\"166\\\\\" scrolling=\\\\\"no\\\\\" frameborder=\\\\\"no\\\\\" allow=\\\\\"autoplay\\\\\" src=\\\\\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/1084583113&amp;color=%23ff5500&amp;auto_play=false&amp;hide_related=false&amp;show_comments=true&amp;show_user=true&amp;show_reposts=false&amp;show_teaser=true\\\\\">\\\\u003c/iframe>\\\\u003cdiv style=\\\\\"font-size: 10px; color: #cccccc;line-break: anywhere;word-break: normal;overflow: hidden;white-space: nowrap;text-overflow: ellipsis; font-family: Interstate,Lucida Grande,Lucida Sans Unicode,Lucida Sans,Garuda,Verdana,Tahoma,sans-serif;font-weight: 100;\\\\\">\\\\u003ca href=\\\\\"https://soundcloud.com/karen-hao\\\\\" title=\\\\\"KH\\\\\" target=\\\\\"_blank\\\\\" style=\\\\\"color: #cccccc; text-decoration: none;\\\\\" rel=\\\\\"noopener\\\\\">KH\\\\u003c/a> · \\\\u003ca href=\\\\\"https://soundcloud.com/karen-hao/karen-promo\\\\\" title=\\\\\"A WellSaid AI voice actor in a promotional style\\\\\" target=\\\\\"_blank\\\\\" style=\\\\\"color: #cccccc; text-decoration: none;\\\\\" rel=\\\\\"noopener\\\\\">A WellSaid AI voice actor in a promotional style\\\\u003c/a>\\\\u003c/div>  \\\\u003cp>Not too long ago, such deepfake voices had something of a lousy reputation for their use in \\\\u003ca href=\\\\\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/jessedamiani/2019/09/03/a-voice-deepfake-was-used-to-scam-a-ceo-out-of-243000/?sh=393d3bd82241\\\\\">scam calls\\\\u003c/a> and \\\\u003ca href=\\\\\"https://www.theverge.com/2019/5/17/18629024/joe-rogan-ai-fake-voice-clone-deepfake-dessa\\\\\">internet trickery\\\\u003c/a>. But their improving quality has since piqued the interest of a growing number of companies. Recent breakthroughs in deep learning have made it possible to replicate many of the subtleties of human speech. These voices pause and breathe in all the right places. They can change their style or emotion. You can spot the trick if they speak for too long, but in short audio clips, some have become indistinguishable from humans.\\\\u003c/p>  \\\\u003cp>AI voices are also cheap, scalable, and easy to work with. Unlike a recording of a human voice actor, synthetic voices can also update their script in real time, opening up new opportunities to personalize advertising.\\\\u003c/p>  \\\\u003cp>But the rise of hyperrealistic fake voices isn’t consequence-free. Human voice actors, in particular, have been left to wonder what this means for their livelihoods.\\\\u003c/p>  \\\\u003ch3>\\\\u003cstrong>How to fake a voice\\\\u003c/strong>\\\\u003c/h3>  \\\\u003cp>Synthetic voices have been around for a while. But the old ones, including the voices of the original \\\\u003ca href=\\\\\"https://machinelearning.apple.com/research/siri-voices\\\\\">Siri\\\\u003c/a> and \\\\u003ca href=\\\\\"https://www.theverge.com/2018/11/20/18104413/amazon-alexa-speaking-style-machine-learning-neural-ntts-newscaster\\\\\">Alexa\\\\u003c/a>, simply glued together words and sounds to achieve a clunky, robotic effect. Getting them to sound any more natural was a laborious manual task.\\\\u003c/p>  \\\\u003cp>Deep learning changed that. Voice developers no longer needed to dictate the exact pacing, pronunciation, or intonation of the generated speech. Instead, they could feed a few hours of audio into an algorithm and have the algorithm learn those patterns on its own.\\\\u003c/p>  \\\\u003cblockquote class=\\\\\"wp-block-quote is-style-large\\\\\">\\\\u003cp>“If I’m Pizza Hut, I certainly can’t sound like Domino’s, and I certainly can’t sound like Papa John’s.”\\\\u003c/p>\\\\u003ccite>Rupal Patel, founder and CEO of VocaliD\\\\u003c/cite>\\\\u003c/blockquote>  \\\\u003cp>Over the years, researchers have used this basic idea to build voice engines that are more and more sophisticated. The one WellSaid Labs constructed, for example, uses two primary deep-learning models. The first predicts, from a passage of text, the broad strokes of what a speaker will sound like—including accent, pitch, and timbre. The second fills in the details, including breaths and the way the voice resonates in its environment.\\\\u003c/p>  \\\\u003cp>Making a convincing synthetic voice takes more than just pressing a button, however. Part of what makes a human voice so human is its inconsistency, expressiveness, and ability to deliver the same lines in completely different styles, depending on the context.\\\\u003c/p>  \\\\u003cp>Capturing these nuances involves finding the right voice actors to supply the appropriate training data and fine-tune the deep-learning models. WellSaid says the process requires at least an hour or two of audio and a few weeks of labor to develop a realistic-sounding synthetic replica.\\\\u003c/p>  \\\\u003ciframe width=\\\\\"100%\\\\\" height=\\\\\"166\\\\\" scrolling=\\\\\"no\\\\\" frameborder=\\\\\"no\\\\\" allow=\\\\\"autoplay\\\\\" src=\\\\\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/1084582471&amp;color=%23ff5500&amp;auto_play=false&amp;hide_related=false&amp;show_comments=true&amp;show_user=true&amp;show_reposts=false&amp;show_teaser=true\\\\\">\\\\u003c/iframe>\\\\u003cdiv style=\\\\\"font-size: 10px; color: #cccccc;line-break: anywhere;word-break: normal;overflow: hidden;white-space: nowrap;text-overflow: ellipsis; font-family: Interstate,Lucida Grande,Lucida Sans Unicode,Lucida Sans,Garuda,Verdana,Tahoma,sans-serif;font-weight: 100;\\\\\">\\\\u003ca href=\\\\\"https://soundcloud.com/karen-hao\\\\\" title=\\\\\"KH\\\\\" target=\\\\\"_blank\\\\\" style=\\\\\"color: #cccccc; text-decoration: none;\\\\\" rel=\\\\\"noopener\\\\\">KH\\\\u003c/a> · \\\\u003ca href=\\\\\"https://soundcloud.com/karen-hao/resemble-1\\\\\" title=\\\\\"A Resemble.ai customer service agent\\\\\" target=\\\\\"_blank\\\\\" style=\\\\\"color: #cccccc; text-decoration: none;\\\\\" rel=\\\\\"noopener\\\\\">A Resemble.ai customer service agent\\\\u003c/a>\\\\u003c/div>  \\\\u003ciframe width=\\\\\"100%\\\\\" height=\\\\\"166\\\\\" scrolling=\\\\\"no\\\\\" frameborder=\\\\\"no\\\\\" allow=\\\\\"autoplay\\\\\" src=\\\\\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/1084582432&amp;color=%23ff5500&amp;auto_play=false&amp;hide_related=false&amp;show_comments=true&amp;show_user=true&amp;show_reposts=false&amp;show_teaser=true\\\\\">\\\\u003c/iframe>\\\\u003cdiv style=\\\\\"font-size: 10px; color: #cccccc;line-break: anywhere;word-break: normal;overflow: hidden;white-space: nowrap;text-overflow: ellipsis; font-family: Interstate,Lucida Grande,Lucida Sans Unicode,Lucida Sans,Garuda,Verdana,Tahoma,sans-serif;font-weight: 100;\\\\\">\\\\u003ca href=\\\\\"https://soundcloud.com/karen-hao\\\\\" title=\\\\\"KH\\\\\" target=\\\\\"_blank\\\\\" style=\\\\\"color: #cccccc; text-decoration: none;\\\\\" rel=\\\\\"noopener\\\\\">KH\\\\u003c/a> · \\\\u003ca href=\\\\\"https://soundcloud.com/karen-hao/resemble-5\\\\\" title=\\\\\"A Resemble.ai voice actor in conversational style\\\\\" target=\\\\\"_blank\\\\\" style=\\\\\"color: #cccccc; text-decoration: none;\\\\\" rel=\\\\\"noopener\\\\\">A Resemble.ai voice actor in conversational style\\\\u003c/a>\\\\u003c/div>  \\\\u003cp>AI voices have grown particularly popular among brands looking to maintain a consistent sound in millions of interactions with customers. With the ubiquity of smart speakers today, and the rise of automated customer service agents as well as digital assistants embedded in cars and smart devices, brands may need to produce upwards of a hundred hours of audio a month. But they also no longer want to use the generic voices offered by traditional text-to-speech technology—a trend that accelerated during the pandemic as more and more customers skipped in-store interactions to engage with companies virtually.\\\\u003c/p>  \\\\u003cp>“If I’m Pizza Hut, I certainly can’t sound like Domino’s, and I certainly can’t sound like Papa John’s,” says Rupal Patel, a professor at Northeastern University and the founder and CEO of VocaliD, which promises to build custom voices that match a company’s brand identity. “These brands have thought about their colors. They’ve thought about their fonts. Now they’ve got to start thinking about the way their voice sounds as well.”\\\\u003c/p>  \\\\u003ciframe width=\\\\\"100%\\\\\" height=\\\\\"166\\\\\" scrolling=\\\\\"no\\\\\" frameborder=\\\\\"no\\\\\" allow=\\\\\"autoplay\\\\\" src=\\\\\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/1084592281&amp;color=%23ff5500&amp;auto_play=false&amp;hide_related=false&amp;show_comments=true&amp;show_user=true&amp;show_reposts=false&amp;show_teaser=true\\\\\">\\\\u003c/iframe>\\\\u003cdiv style=\\\\\"font-size: 10px; color: #cccccc;line-break: anywhere;word-break: normal;overflow: hidden;white-space: nowrap;text-overflow: ellipsis; font-family: Interstate,Lucida Grande,Lucida Sans Unicode,Lucida Sans,Garuda,Verdana,Tahoma,sans-serif;font-weight: 100;\\\\\">\\\\u003ca href=\\\\\"https://soundcloud.com/karen-hao\\\\\" title=\\\\\"Karen Hao, MIT Tech Review\\\\\" target=\\\\\"_blank\\\\\" style=\\\\\"color: #cccccc; text-decoration: none;\\\\\" rel=\\\\\"noopener\\\\\">Karen Hao, MIT Tech Review\\\\u003c/a> · \\\\u003ca href=\\\\\"https://soundcloud.com/karen-hao/vocalid-male\\\\\" title=\\\\\"A VocaliD ad sample with a male voice\\\\\" target=\\\\\"_blank\\\\\" style=\\\\\"color: #cccccc; text-decoration: none;\\\\\" rel=\\\\\"noopener\\\\\">A VocaliD ad sample with a male voice\\\\u003c/a>\\\\u003c/div>  \\\\u003ciframe width=\\\\\"100%\\\\\" height=\\\\\"166\\\\\" scrolling=\\\\\"no\\\\\" frameborder=\\\\\"no\\\\\" allow=\\\\\"autoplay\\\\\" src=\\\\\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/1084592377&amp;color=%23ff5500&amp;auto_play=false&amp;hide_related=false&amp;show_comments=true&amp;show_user=true&amp;show_reposts=false&amp;show_teaser=true\\\\\">\\\\u003c/iframe>\\\\u003cdiv style=\\\\\"font-size: 10px; color: #cccccc;line-break: anywhere;word-break: normal;overflow: hidden;white-space: nowrap;text-overflow: ellipsis; font-family: Interstate,Lucida Grande,Lucida Sans Unicode,Lucida Sans,Garuda,Verdana,Tahoma,sans-serif;font-weight: 100;\\\\\">\\\\u003ca href=\\\\\"https://soundcloud.com/karen-hao\\\\\" title=\\\\\"Karen Hao, MIT Tech Review\\\\\" target=\\\\\"_blank\\\\\" style=\\\\\"color: #cccccc; text-decoration: none;\\\\\" rel=\\\\\"noopener\\\\\">Karen Hao, MIT Tech Review\\\\u003c/a> · \\\\u003ca href=\\\\\"https://soundcloud.com/karen-hao/vocalid-female\\\\\" title=\\\\\"A VocaliD ad sample with a female voice\\\\\" target=\\\\\"_blank\\\\\" style=\\\\\"color: #cccccc; text-decoration: none;\\\\\" rel=\\\\\"noopener\\\\\">A VocaliD ad sample with a female voice\\\\u003c/a>\\\\u003c/div>  \\\\u003cp>Whereas companies used to have to hire different voice actors for different markets—the Northeast versus Southern US, or France versus Mexico—some voice AI firms can manipulate the accent or switch the language of a single voice in different ways. This opens up the possibility of adapting ads on streaming platforms depending on who is listening, changing not just the characteristics of the voice but also the words being spoken. A beer ad could tell a listener to stop by a different pub depending on whether it’s playing in New York or Toronto, for example. Resemble.ai, which designs voices for ads and smart assistants, says it’s already working with clients to launch such personalized audio ads on Spotify and Pandora.\\\\u003c/p>  \\\\u003cp>The gaming and entertainment industries are also seeing the benefits. Sonantic, a firm that specializes in emotive voices that can laugh and cry or whisper and shout, works with video-game makers and animation studios to supply the voice-overs for their characters. Many of its clients use the synthesized voices only in pre-production and switch to real voice actors for the final production. But Sonantic says a few have started using them throughout the process, perhaps for characters with fewer lines. Resemble.ai and others have also worked with film and TV shows to patch up actors’ performances when words get garbled or mispronounced.\\\\u003c/p> \"},\"children\":[],\"componentGroups\":{\"default\":[]}},{\"name\":\"core-embed\",\"config\":{\"content\":\"\\\\n\\\\u003cfigure class=\\\\\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\\\\\">\\\\u003cdiv class=\\\\\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\\\\\">\\\\n\\\\u003ciframe title=\\\\\"Why Obsidian uses AI voices for game development | Sonantic\\\\\" width=\\\\\"500\\\\\" height=\\\\\"281\\\\\" src=\\\\\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/YajBa5PO1Hk?feature=oembed\\\\\" frameborder=\\\\\"0\\\\\" allow=\\\\\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\\\\\" allowfullscreen>\\\\u003c/iframe>\\\\n\\\\n\\\\u003c/div>\\\\u003c/figure>\\\\n\",\"oembed\":true,\"provider\":\"youtube\",\"rich\":true},\"children\":[],\"componentGroups\":{\"default\":[]}},{\"name\":\"html\",\"config\":{\"content\":\" \\\\u003cp>But there are limitations to how far AI can go. It’s still difficult to maintain the realism of a voice over the long stretches of time that might be required for an audiobook or podcast. And there’s little ability to control an AI voice’s performance in the same way a director can guide a human performer. “We’re still in the early days of synthetic speech,” says Zohaib Ahmed, the founder and CEO of Resemble.ai, comparing it to the days when CGI technology was used primarily for touch-ups rather than to create entirely new worlds from green screens.\\\\u003c/p>  \\\\u003ch3>\\\\u003cstrong>A human touch\\\\u003c/strong>\\\\u003c/h3>  \\\\u003cp>In other words, human voice actors aren’t going away just yet. Expressive, creative, and long-form projects are still best done by humans. And for every synthetic voice made by these companies, a voice actor also needs to supply the original training data.\\\\u003c/p>  \\\\u003cp>But some actors have grown increasingly worried about their livelihoods, says a spokesperson at SAG-AFTRA, the union representing voice actors in the US. If they’re not afraid of being automated away by AI, they’re worried about being compensated unfairly or losing control over their voices, which constitute their brand and reputation.\\\\u003c/p> \"},\"children\":[],\"componentGroups\":{\"default\":[]}},{\"name\":\"newsletter\",\"config\":{\"apiEndPoint\":\"https://eventbrite-to-blueconic.herokuapp.com/api/web/newsletters/subscriptions\",\"clientId\":\"\",\"mailchimpListName\":\"the_download\",\"title\":\"The Download\",\"description\":\"Your daily dose of what\\'s up in emerging technology\",\"color\":\"#4a4a4a\",\"imgLogoUrl\":\"https://wp.technologyreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/download-icon.svg\",\"theme\":\"default\",\"topic\":null,\"location\":\"in-body\"},\"children\":[],\"componentGroups\":{\"default\":[]}},{\"name\":\"html\",\"config\":{\"content\":\" \\\\u003cp>This is now the \\\\u003ca href=\\\\\"https://www.vice.com/en/article/z3xqwj/this-tiktok-lawsuit-is-highlighting-how-ai-is-screwing-over-voice-actors\\\\\">subject of a lawsuit\\\\u003c/a> against TikTok brought by the Canadian voice actor Bev Standing, who alleges that the app’s built-in voice-over feature uses a synthetic copy of her voice without her permission. Standing’s experience also echoes that of \\\\u003ca href=\\\\\"https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/04/28/1024099/podcast-ai-finds-speech-voice/\\\\\">Susan Bennett\\\\u003c/a>, the original voice of American Siri, who was paid for her initial recordings but not for the continued use of her vocal likeness on millions of Apple devices.\\\\u003c/p>  \\\\u003cp>Some companies are looking to be more accountable in how they engage with the voice-acting industry. The best ones, says SAG-AFTRA’s rep, have approached the union to figure out the best way to compensate and respect voice actors for their work.\\\\u003c/p> \"},\"children\":[],\"componentGroups\":{\"default\":[]}},{\"name\":\"mittr-plugin-extension/related\",\"config\":{\"isAuto\":false,\"headline\":\"These creepy fake humans herald a new age in AI\",\"postID\":1026135,\"url\":\"https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/06/11/1026135/ai-synthetic-data/\",\"featuredImg\":\"https://wp.technologyreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/ContactSheet-001.jpg?w=1024\",\"deck\":\"\\\\u003cp>Need more data for deep learning? Synthetic data companies will make it for you.\\\\u003c/p>\\\\n\"},\"children\":[],\"componentGroups\":{\"default\":[]}},{\"name\":\"html\",\"config\":{\"content\":\" \\\\u003cp>Several now use a profit-sharing model to pay actors every time a client licenses their specific synthetic voice, which has opened up a new stream of passive income. Others involve the actors in the process of designing their AI likeness and give them veto power over the projects it will be used in. SAG-AFTRA is also pushing for legislation to protect actors from illegitimate replicas of their voice.\\\\u003c/p>  \\\\u003cp>But for VocaliD’s Patel, the point of AI voices is ultimately not to replicate human performance or to automate away existing voice-over work. Instead, the promise is that they could open up entirely new possibilities. What if in the future, she says, synthetic voices could be used to rapidly adapt online educational materials to different audiences? “If you’re trying to reach, let’s say, an inner-city group of kids, wouldn’t it be great if that voice actually sounded like it was from their community?”\\\\u003c/p> \"},\"children\":[],\"componentGroups\":{\"default\":[]}}],\"componentGroups\":{\"default\":[]}},{\"name\":\"slider-ad\",\"config\":{},\"children\":[{\"name\":\"ad-unit\",\"config\":{\"adUnit\":\"__site/__slider\",\"shouldLoad\":false,\"sizes\":[[320,187]],\"sizeMapping\":[]},\"children\":[],\"componentGroups\":{\"default\":[]}}],\"componentGroups\":{\"default\":[]}}],\"componentGroups\":{\"default\":[]}},{\"name\":\"content-footer\",\"config\":{\"authors\":[{\"name\":\"Karen Hao\",\"url\":\"https://www.technologyreview.com/author/karen-hao/\",\"avatar\":\"https://wp.technologyreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Karen-transparent-2.png?w=32\"}],\"list10Id\":0,\"imageCredit\":\"Ms Tech | 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data-event-action=\"click\" data-event-label=\"subscribe-button\" tabindex=\"-1\">Subscribe</a></div></div></div></div></div></header></div></div><main class=\"body__content--2FEkf body__wrapper--2rRv1\" id=\"content\"><div class=\"contentArea__wrapper--1RZ80 contentArea--contentWrap__gradient--GAE4M content-area\"><header class=\"contentHeader__wrapper--3TaZb\" id=\"ai-voice-actors-sound-more-human-than-ever-and-they-re-ready-to-hire\"><div class=\"contentHeader__intro--1jzY3 contentHeader__headerBlock--12KHq\"><div class=\"eyebrow__wrap--1BeA8\"><a style=\"color:#7d38a3\" href=\"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/artificial-intelligence/\" class=\"eyebrow__eyebrow--3MrG8 eyebrow__fullStoryEyebrow--AxoJe\">Artificial intelligence</a><span style=\"color:#7d38a3\">/</span><a style=\"color:#7d38a3\" href=\"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/artificial-intelligence/voice-assistants/\" class=\"eyebrow__fullStoryEyebrow--AxoJe\">Voice assistants</a></div><h1 class=\"contentHeader__title--3ttNf\">AI voice actors sound more human than ever—and they’re ready to hire</h1><div class=\"contentHeader__deck--3A9FE\"><p>A new wave of startups are using deep learning to build synthetic voice actors for digital assistants, video-game characters, and corporate videos.</p>\\n</div><div class=\"contentHeader__meta--3u-EJ\"><div class=\"byline__wrapper--3vOJH\"><span class=\"byline__by--3I70Z\" aria-hidden=\"true\">by </span><ul class=\"byline__list--2jfa5\" aria-label=\"Authors\"><li class=\"byline__author--g26Rn\"><a href=\"https://www.technologyreview.com/author/karen-hao/\" class=\"byline__name--2MpUW\">Karen Hao<!-- --> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">archive page</span></a></li></ul></div><div class=\"contentHeader__publishDate--37zcW\">July 9, 2021</div></div></div><div class=\"contentHeader__image--1pFzw\"><span class=\"image__wrapper--i55tn image__lazyload--1CqFg\"><img class=\"image__placeholder--1CF-F\" src=\"data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" alt=\"AI voiceover actor concept\"/><img alt=\"AI voiceover actor concept\" class=\"image__img--3bauF\" src=\"https://wp.technologyreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/AIAudioActor-2.jpg\" srcSet=\"https://wp.technologyreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/AIAudioActor-2.jpg?fit=868,578 868w,https://wp.technologyreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/AIAudioActor-2.jpg?fit=434,289 434w,https://wp.technologyreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/AIAudioActor-2.jpg?fit=1444,962 1444w,https://wp.technologyreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/AIAudioActor-2.jpg?fit=722,481 722w,https://wp.technologyreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/AIAudioActor-2.jpg?fit=1896,1264 1896w,https://wp.technologyreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/AIAudioActor-2.jpg?fit=948,632 948w,https://wp.technologyreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/AIAudioActor-2.jpg?fit=1708,1138 1708w,https://wp.technologyreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/AIAudioActor-2.jpg?fit=854,569 854w,https://wp.technologyreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/AIAudioActor-2.jpg?fit=2064,1376 2064w,https://wp.technologyreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/AIAudioActor-2.jpg?fit=1032,688 1032w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 32rem) 434px,(max-width: 48rem) 722px,(max-width: 64rem) 948px,(max-width: 80rem) 854px,1032px\"/></span><figcaption class=\"image__meta--2hAYx\"><span class=\"image__credit--1Fj0h\">Ms Tech | Getty</span></figcaption></div></header><div class=\"columnArea--fullStory__wrapper--1t4GQ columnArea--feed__wrapper--2tKpu\"><div class=\"columnArea--fullStory__main--250mb\"><div class=\"contentArea__wrapper--1RZ80 content-area\"><div class=\"contentBody__wrapper--1fP2v\"><div class=\"contentBody__overlay--1aZGF\"></div><div class=\"contentBody__content--1lbXn\" id=\"content--body\"><div><div class=\"\"><div><div class=\"gutenbergContent__content--1FgGp html_0\"> <p>The company blog post drips with the enthusiasm of a ’90s US infomercial. WellSaid Labs describes what clients can expect from its “eight new digital voice actors!” Tobin is “energetic and insightful.” Paige is “poised and expressive.” Ava is “polished, self-assured, and professional.”</p>  <p>Each one is based on a real voice actor, whose likeness (with consent) has been preserved using AI. Companies can now license these voices to say whatever they need. They simply feed some text into the voice engine, and out will spool a crisp audio clip of a natural-sounding performance.</p>  <p><a href=\"https://wellsaidlabs.com/features/studio\">WellSaid Labs</a>, a Seattle-based startup that spun out of the research nonprofit Allen Institute of Artificial Intelligence, is the latest firm offering AI voices to clients. For now, it specializes in voices for corporate e-learning videos. Other startups make voices for <a href=\"https://www.resemble.ai/\">digital assistants</a>, <a href=\"https://vocalid.ai/\">call center operators</a>, and even <a href=\"https://www.sonantic.io/\">video-game characters</a>.</p>  <iframe width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" allow=\"autoplay\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/1084583143&amp;color=%23ff5500&amp;auto_play=false&amp;hide_related=false&amp;show_comments=true&amp;show_user=true&amp;show_reposts=false&amp;show_teaser=true\"></iframe>  <iframe width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" allow=\"autoplay\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/1084583113&amp;color=%23ff5500&amp;auto_play=false&amp;hide_related=false&amp;show_comments=true&amp;show_user=true&amp;show_reposts=false&amp;show_teaser=true\"></iframe><div style=\"font-size:10px;color:#cccccc;line-break:anywhere;word-break:normal;overflow:hidden;white-space:nowrap;text-overflow:ellipsis;font-family:Interstate,Lucida Grande,Lucida Sans Unicode,Lucida Sans,Garuda,Verdana,Tahoma,sans-serif;font-weight:100\"><a href=\"https://soundcloud.com/karen-hao\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:#cccccc;text-decoration:none\">KH</a> · <a href=\"https://soundcloud.com/karen-hao/karen-promo\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:#cccccc;text-decoration:none\">A WellSaid AI voice actor in a promotional style</a></div>  <p>Not too long ago, such deepfake voices had something of a lousy reputation for their use in <a href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/jessedamiani/2019/09/03/a-voice-deepfake-was-used-to-scam-a-ceo-out-of-243000/?sh=393d3bd82241\">scam calls</a> and <a href=\"https://www.theverge.com/2019/5/17/18629024/joe-rogan-ai-fake-voice-clone-deepfake-dessa\">internet trickery</a>. But their improving quality has since piqued the interest of a growing number of companies. Recent breakthroughs in deep learning have made it possible to replicate many of the subtleties of human speech. These voices pause and breathe in all the right places. They can change their style or emotion. You can spot the trick if they speak for too long, but in short audio clips, some have become indistinguishable from humans.</p>  <p>AI voices are also cheap, scalable, and easy to work with. Unlike a recording of a human voice actor, synthetic voices can also update their script in real time, opening up new opportunities to personalize advertising.</p>  <p>But the rise of hyperrealistic fake voices isn’t consequence-free. Human voice actors, in particular, have been left to wonder what this means for their livelihoods.</p>  <h3><strong>How to fake a voice</strong></h3>  <p>Synthetic voices have been around for a while. But the old ones, including the voices of the original <a href=\"https://machinelearning.apple.com/research/siri-voices\">Siri</a> and <a href=\"https://www.theverge.com/2018/11/20/18104413/amazon-alexa-speaking-style-machine-learning-neural-ntts-newscaster\">Alexa</a>, simply glued together words and sounds to achieve a clunky, robotic effect. Getting them to sound any more natural was a laborious manual task.</p>  <p>Deep learning changed that. Voice developers no longer needed to dictate the exact pacing, pronunciation, or intonation of the generated speech. Instead, they could feed a few hours of audio into an algorithm and have the algorithm learn those patterns on its own.</p>  <blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-style-large\"><p>“If I’m Pizza Hut, I certainly can’t sound like Domino’s, and I certainly can’t sound like Papa John’s.”</p><cite>Rupal Patel, founder and CEO of VocaliD</cite></blockquote>  <p>Over the years, researchers have used this basic idea to build voice engines that are more and more sophisticated. The one WellSaid Labs constructed, for example, uses two primary deep-learning models. The first predicts, from a passage of text, the broad strokes of what a speaker will sound like—including accent, pitch, and timbre. The second fills in the details, including breaths and the way the voice resonates in its environment.</p>  <p>Making a convincing synthetic voice takes more than just pressing a button, however. Part of what makes a human voice so human is its inconsistency, expressiveness, and ability to deliver the same lines in completely different styles, depending on the context.</p>  <p>Capturing these nuances involves finding the right voice actors to supply the appropriate training data and fine-tune the deep-learning models. WellSaid says the process requires at least an hour or two of audio and a few weeks of labor to develop a realistic-sounding synthetic replica.</p>  <iframe width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" allow=\"autoplay\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/1084582471&amp;color=%23ff5500&amp;auto_play=false&amp;hide_related=false&amp;show_comments=true&amp;show_user=true&amp;show_reposts=false&amp;show_teaser=true\"></iframe><div style=\"font-size:10px;color:#cccccc;line-break:anywhere;word-break:normal;overflow:hidden;white-space:nowrap;text-overflow:ellipsis;font-family:Interstate,Lucida Grande,Lucida Sans Unicode,Lucida Sans,Garuda,Verdana,Tahoma,sans-serif;font-weight:100\"><a href=\"https://soundcloud.com/karen-hao\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:#cccccc;text-decoration:none\">KH</a> · <a href=\"https://soundcloud.com/karen-hao/resemble-1\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:#cccccc;text-decoration:none\">A Resemble.ai customer service agent</a></div>  <iframe width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" allow=\"autoplay\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/1084582432&amp;color=%23ff5500&amp;auto_play=false&amp;hide_related=false&amp;show_comments=true&amp;show_user=true&amp;show_reposts=false&amp;show_teaser=true\"></iframe><div style=\"font-size:10px;color:#cccccc;line-break:anywhere;word-break:normal;overflow:hidden;white-space:nowrap;text-overflow:ellipsis;font-family:Interstate,Lucida Grande,Lucida Sans Unicode,Lucida Sans,Garuda,Verdana,Tahoma,sans-serif;font-weight:100\"><a href=\"https://soundcloud.com/karen-hao\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:#cccccc;text-decoration:none\">KH</a> · <a href=\"https://soundcloud.com/karen-hao/resemble-5\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:#cccccc;text-decoration:none\">A Resemble.ai voice actor in conversational style</a></div>  <p>AI voices have grown particularly popular among brands looking to maintain a consistent sound in millions of interactions with customers. With the ubiquity of smart speakers today, and the rise of automated customer service agents as well as digital assistants embedded in cars and smart devices, brands may need to produce upwards of a hundred hours of audio a month. But they also no longer want to use the generic voices offered by traditional text-to-speech technology—a trend that accelerated during the pandemic as more and more customers skipped in-store interactions to engage with companies virtually.</p>  <p>“If I’m Pizza Hut, I certainly can’t sound like Domino’s, and I certainly can’t sound like Papa John’s,” says Rupal Patel, a professor at Northeastern University and the founder and CEO of VocaliD, which promises to build custom voices that match a company’s brand identity. “These brands have thought about their colors. They’ve thought about their fonts. Now they’ve got to start thinking about the way their voice sounds as well.”</p>  <iframe width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" allow=\"autoplay\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/1084592281&amp;color=%23ff5500&amp;auto_play=false&amp;hide_related=false&amp;show_comments=true&amp;show_user=true&amp;show_reposts=false&amp;show_teaser=true\"></iframe><div style=\"font-size:10px;color:#cccccc;line-break:anywhere;word-break:normal;overflow:hidden;white-space:nowrap;text-overflow:ellipsis;font-family:Interstate,Lucida Grande,Lucida Sans Unicode,Lucida Sans,Garuda,Verdana,Tahoma,sans-serif;font-weight:100\"><a href=\"https://soundcloud.com/karen-hao\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:#cccccc;text-decoration:none\">Karen Hao, MIT Tech Review</a> · <a href=\"https://soundcloud.com/karen-hao/vocalid-male\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:#cccccc;text-decoration:none\">A VocaliD ad sample with a male voice</a></div>  <iframe width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" allow=\"autoplay\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/1084592377&amp;color=%23ff5500&amp;auto_play=false&amp;hide_related=false&amp;show_comments=true&amp;show_user=true&amp;show_reposts=false&amp;show_teaser=true\"></iframe><div style=\"font-size:10px;color:#cccccc;line-break:anywhere;word-break:normal;overflow:hidden;white-space:nowrap;text-overflow:ellipsis;font-family:Interstate,Lucida Grande,Lucida Sans Unicode,Lucida Sans,Garuda,Verdana,Tahoma,sans-serif;font-weight:100\"><a href=\"https://soundcloud.com/karen-hao\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:#cccccc;text-decoration:none\">Karen Hao, MIT Tech Review</a> · <a href=\"https://soundcloud.com/karen-hao/vocalid-female\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:#cccccc;text-decoration:none\">A VocaliD ad sample with a female voice</a></div>  <p>Whereas companies used to have to hire different voice actors for different markets—the Northeast versus Southern US, or France versus Mexico—some voice AI firms can manipulate the accent or switch the language of a single voice in different ways. This opens up the possibility of adapting ads on streaming platforms depending on who is listening, changing not just the characteristics of the voice but also the words being spoken. A beer ad could tell a listener to stop by a different pub depending on whether it’s playing in New York or Toronto, for example. Resemble.ai, which designs voices for ads and smart assistants, says it’s already working with clients to launch such personalized audio ads on Spotify and Pandora.</p>  <p>The gaming and entertainment industries are also seeing the benefits. Sonantic, a firm that specializes in emotive voices that can laugh and cry or whisper and shout, works with video-game makers and animation studios to supply the voice-overs for their characters. Many of its clients use the synthesized voices only in pre-production and switch to real voice actors for the final production. But Sonantic says a few have started using them throughout the process, perhaps for characters with fewer lines. Resemble.ai and others have also worked with film and TV shows to patch up actors’ performances when words get garbled or mispronounced.</p> </div></div><div><div class=\"gutenbergContent__content--1FgGp core-embed_1\" provider=\"youtube\">\\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\\n<iframe title=\"Why Obsidian uses AI voices for game development | Sonantic\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/YajBa5PO1Hk?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen></iframe>\\n\\n</div></figure>\\n</div></div><div><div class=\"gutenbergContent__content--1FgGp html_2\"> <p>But there are limitations to how far AI can go. It’s still difficult to maintain the realism of a voice over the long stretches of time that might be required for an audiobook or podcast. And there’s little ability to control an AI voice’s performance in the same way a director can guide a human performer. “We’re still in the early days of synthetic speech,” says Zohaib Ahmed, the founder and CEO of Resemble.ai, comparing it to the days when CGI technology was used primarily for touch-ups rather than to create entirely new worlds from green screens.</p>  <h3><strong>A human touch</strong></h3>  <p>In other words, human voice actors aren’t going away just yet. Expressive, creative, and long-form projects are still best done by humans. And for every synthetic voice made by these companies, a voice actor also needs to supply the original training data.</p>  <p>But some actors have grown increasingly worried about their livelihoods, says a spokesperson at SAG-AFTRA, the union representing voice actors in the US. If they’re not afraid of being automated away by AI, they’re worried about being compensated unfairly or losing control over their voices, which constitute their brand and reputation.</p> </div></div><aside class=\"newsletter__wrap\" style=\"border-color:#4a4a4a\"><form><header class=\"newsletter__subscribeHeader\"><img src=\"https://wp.technologyreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/download-icon.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"newsletter__logoImg\"/><div><h2 class=\"newsletter__signUpHeading\">Sign up for<!-- -->\\xa0<span class=\"newsletter__bold\">The Download</span></h2>\\xa0<span class=\"newsletter_description\">- Your daily dose of what&#x27;s up in emerging technology</span></div></header><div><div class=\"newsletter__formGroup\"><label for=\"emailInput-\" class=\"newsletter__emailInputLabel\"><input type=\"text\" class=\"newsletter__emailInput\" id=\"emailInput-\" placeholder=\"Enter your email, get the newsletter\" style=\"border-color:#4a4a4a\" value=\"\"/></label><button type=\"submit\" id=\"signUpBtn-\" class=\"newsletter__signUpBtn\" style=\"background-color:#4a4a4a;border-color:#4a4a4a\">Sign up</button></div><div class=\"newsletter__radioWrap\"><h3 class=\"newsletter__radioHeader\" id=\"upToDateOptInID-\">Stay updated on MIT Technology\\n                    Review initiatives and events?</h3><div class=\"newsletter__formGroupRadio\" role=\"radiogroup\" aria-labelledby=\"upToDateOptInID-\"><label class=\"newsletter__inlineRadioLabel\" for=\"radioYesID-\"><input type=\"radio\" class=\"newsletter__radioInput\" name=\"opt-in-radio\" id=\"radioYesID-\" value=\"Yes\" style=\"border-color:#4a4a4a;background-color:#fff\" required=\"\"/>Yes</label><label class=\"newsletter__inlineRadioLabel\" for=\"radioNoID-\"><input type=\"radio\" class=\"newsletter__radioInput\" name=\"opt-in-radio\" id=\"radioNoID-\" value=\"No\" style=\"border-color:#4a4a4a;background-color:#fff\"/>No</label></div></div></div></form></aside><div></div><div><div class=\"gutenbergContent__content--1FgGp html_4\"> <p>This is now the <a href=\"https://www.vice.com/en/article/z3xqwj/this-tiktok-lawsuit-is-highlighting-how-ai-is-screwing-over-voice-actors\">subject of a lawsuit</a> against TikTok brought by the Canadian voice actor Bev Standing, who alleges that the app’s built-in voice-over feature uses a synthetic copy of her voice without her permission. Standing’s experience also echoes that of <a href=\"https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/04/28/1024099/podcast-ai-finds-speech-voice/\">Susan Bennett</a>, the original voice of American Siri, who was paid for her initial recordings but not for the continued use of her vocal likeness on millions of Apple devices.</p>  <p>Some companies are looking to be more accountable in how they engage with the voice-acting industry. The best ones, says SAG-AFTRA’s rep, have approached the union to figure out the best way to compensate and respect voice actors for their work.</p> </div></div><aside class=\"related__wrap alignleft\"><h2 class=\"related__header\">Related Story</h2><div class=\"related__content-wrap\"><a tabindex=\"-1\" href=\"https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/06/11/1026135/ai-synthetic-data/\" class=\"related__featuredImg--link\"><img src=\"https://wp.technologyreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/ContactSheet-001.jpg?w=1024\" alt=\"\" class=\"related__featuredImg\"/></a><div class=\"related__meta-wrap\"><a href=\"https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/06/11/1026135/ai-synthetic-data/\" class=\"related__link\"><div class=\"\">These creepy fake humans herald a new age in AI</div></a><div class=\"related__deck\"><p>Need more data for deep learning? Synthetic data companies will make it for you.</p>\\n</div></div></div></aside><div><div class=\"gutenbergContent__content--1FgGp html_6\"><p>Several now use a profit-sharing model to pay actors every time a client licenses their specific synthetic voice, which has opened up a new stream of passive income. Others involve the actors in the process of designing their AI likeness and give them veto power over the projects it will be used in. SAG-AFTRA is also pushing for legislation to protect actors from illegitimate replicas of their voice.</p>  <p>But for VocaliD’s Patel, the point of AI voices is ultimately not to replicate human performance or to automate away existing voice-over work. Instead, the promise is that they could open up entirely new possibilities. What if in the future, she says, synthetic voices could be used to rapidly adapt online educational materials to different audiences? “If you’re trying to reach, let’s say, an inner-city group of kids, wouldn’t it be great if that voice actually sounded like it was from their community?”<svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 1091.84 1091.84\" class=\"monogramTLogo\"><polygon fill=\"#6d6e71\" points=\"363.95 0 363.95 1091.84 727.89 1091.84 727.89 363.95 363.95 0\"></polygon><polygon fill=\"#939598\" points=\"363.95 0 728.24 365.18 1091.84 364.13 1091.84 0 363.95 0\"></polygon><polygon fill=\"#414042\" points=\"0 0 0 0.03 0 363.95 363.95 363.95 363.95 0 0 0\"></polygon></svg> </p></div></div></div><div class=\"sliderAd__wrapper--1vLJw\"><button class=\"sliderAd__closeButton--1er6R\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"sliderAd__closeText--1dJ37\">hide</span><span class=\"sliderAd__closeIcon--1scjj\"><svg width=\"26\" height=\"26\" viewBox=\"0 0 26 26\"><g fill=\"none\" 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lightIcon__icon--3ziLf\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><path d=\"M23.2 7.4c0-.9-.2-1.9-.5-2.7-.3-.8-.7-1.4-1.3-2-.6-.6-1.2-1-2-1.3-.9-.3-1.8-.5-2.7-.5-1.2-.1-1.6-.1-4.6-.1-3 0-3.4 0-4.6.1-.9 0-1.9.2-2.7.5-.8.3-1.4.7-2 1.3-.6.6-1 1.2-1.3 2-.3.9-.5 1.8-.5 2.7C.9 8.6.9 9 .9 12c0 3 0 3.4.1 4.6 0 .9.2 1.9.5 2.7.3.8.7 1.4 1.3 2 .6.6 1.2 1 2 1.3.9.3 1.8.5 2.7.5 1.2.1 1.6.1 4.6.1 3 0 3.4 0 4.6-.1.9 0 1.9-.2 2.7-.5 1.5-.6 2.7-1.8 3.3-3.3.3-.9.5-1.8.5-2.7.1-1.2.1-1.6.1-4.6 0-3-.1-3.4-.1-4.6zm-2 9.2c0 .7-.1 1.4-.4 2.1-.4 1-1.2 1.8-2.1 2.1-.7.2-1.4.4-2.1.4-1.2.1-1.5.1-4.6.1-3.1 0-3.4 0-4.6-.1-.7 0-1.4-.1-2.1-.4-.5-.2-.9-.5-1.3-.8-.4-.4-.7-.8-.8-1.3-.2-.7-.4-1.4-.4-2.1-.1-1.2-.1-1.5-.1-4.6 0-3.1 0-3.4.1-4.6 0-.7.1-1.4.4-2.1.2-.5.5-.9.8-1.3.4-.4.8-.7 1.3-.8.7-.2 1.4-.4 2.1-.4 1.2-.1 1.5-.1 4.6-.1 3.1 0 3.4 0 4.6.1.7 0 1.4.1 2.1.4.5.2.9.5 1.3.8.4.4.7.8.8 1.3.2.7.4 1.4.4 2.1.1 1.2.1 1.5.1 4.6 0 3.1-.1 3.4-.1 4.6zM12 6.2c-3.2 0-5.8 2.6-5.8 5.8 0 3.2 2.6 5.8 5.8 5.8 3.2 0 5.8-2.6 5.8-5.8 0-3.2-2.6-5.8-5.8-5.8zm0 9.6c-2.1 0-3.8-1.7-3.8-3.8 0-2.1 1.7-3.8 3.8-3.8 2.1 0 3.8 1.7 3.8 3.8 0 2.1-1.7 3.8-3.8 3.8zM19.4 6c0 .7-.6 1.4-1.4 1.4-.8 0-1.4-.6-1.4-1.4 0-.8.6-1.4 1.4-1.4.8 0 1.4.6 1.4 1.4z\"></path></svg></div></a></li><li class=\"darkWithAquaIcons__wrapper--2NOth darkIcons__wrapper--zd6sZ socialItem__wrapper--3fIBW\"><a href=\"https://www.technologyreview.com/feed/\" class=\"darkWithAquaIcons__anchor--AIqzC lightIcon__anchor--1WPzu mittr-share-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-event-category=\"site-footer\" data-event-action=\"social-follow\" data-event-label=\"rss\"><span class=\"socialItem__screenReaderLabel--12OjT\">rss<!-- -->link opens in a new window</span><div class=\"darkWithAquaIcons__icon--1jOV5 darkIcons__icon--3to9s lightIcon__icon--3ziLf\"><svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" stroke-width=\"2\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"><circle cx=\"6.18\" cy=\"17.82\" r=\"2.18\"></circle><path d=\"M4 4.44v2.83c7.03 0 12.73 5.7 12.73 12.73h2.83c0-8.59-6.97-15.56-15.56-15.56zm0 5.66v2.83c3.9 0 7.07 3.17 7.07 7.07h2.83c0-5.47-4.43-9.9-9.9-9.9z\"></path></svg></div></a></li><li class=\"darkWithAquaIcons__wrapper--2NOth darkIcons__wrapper--zd6sZ socialItem__wrapper--3fIBW socialItem__linkedin--TGXGz\"><a href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/company/mit-technology-review\" class=\"darkWithAquaIcons__anchor--AIqzC lightIcon__anchor--1WPzu mittr-share-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-event-category=\"site-footer\" data-event-action=\"social-follow\" data-event-label=\"linkedin\"><span class=\"socialItem__screenReaderLabel--12OjT\">linkedin<!-- -->link opens in a new window</span><div class=\"darkWithAquaIcons__icon--1jOV5 darkIcons__icon--3to9s lightIcon__icon--3ziLf\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><path d=\"M19 0H5a5 5 0 0 0-5 5v14a5 5 0 0 0 5 5h14a5 5 0 0 0 5-5V5a5 5 0 0 0-5-5zM8 19H5V8h3v11zM6.5 6.732c-.966 0-1.75-.79-1.75-1.764s.784-1.764 1.75-1.764 1.75.79 1.75 1.764-.783 1.764-1.75 1.764zM20 19h-3v-5.604c0-3.368-4-3.113-4 0V19h-3V8h3v1.765c1.396-2.586 7-2.777 7 2.476V19z\"></path></svg></div></a></li></ul></div><div class=\"footer__copyrightWrap--1xoiH\"><div class=\"footer__credit--BArir\"><a href=\"https://sophyhollington.com\" class=\"link__aquaHover--ZxtM5\"><span>Cover Art by Sophy Hollington</span></a></div><p class=\"footer__copyright--1bDpy\">© <!-- -->2021<!-- --> MIT Technology Review</p></div></div><div class=\"footer__backToTopWrap--fqc6s\"><button class=\"footer__backToTopButton--3LWfP\" type=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-event-category=\"site-footer\" data-event-action=\"button\" data-event-label=\"back-to-top-button\">Back to top<div class=\"footer__arrowUp--2-8Xt\"><svg width=\"14\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 14 18\" fill=\"none\"><line x1=\"6.86182\" y1=\"17.6382\" x2=\"6.86181\" y2=\"1.97861\" stroke=\"black\"></line><path d=\"M0.361816 8.1062L6.86182 1.63818L13.3618 8.13818\" stroke=\"black\"></path></svg></div></button></div><picture class=\"footer__bgImages--3b-pq\" id=\"footerBg\"><source media=\"(min-width:1312px)\" srcSet=\"https://wp.technologyreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Change_Desktop_Large.png\"/><source media=\"(min-width:960px) and (max-width:1312px)\" srcSet=\"https://wp.technologyreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Change_Desktop_Small.png\"/><source media=\"(min-width:630px) and (max-width:960px)\" srcSet=\"https://wp.technologyreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Change_Tablet.png\"/><source media=\"(max-width:630px)\" srcSet=\"https://wp.technologyreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Change_Mobile.png\"/><img alt=\"\" src=\"https://wp.technologyreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Change_Desktop_Small.png\"/></picture><div class=\"footer__clearFix--16iWb\"></div></footer></div><div></div></div>\\n</body>\\n</html>\\n'"
            ],
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "string"
            }
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 5
        }
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "vK60sy3LWV9F",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 136
        },
        "outputId": "7fc6cfe7-80d7-4ab1-a94b-6905dca7d27b"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "## Parse information from article"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "ypAKBsZOXqfX"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": 6,
      "source": [
        "article.parse() \n",
        "\n",
        "authors = \", \".join(author for author in article.authors)\n",
        "title = article.title\n",
        "date = article.publish_date\n",
        "text = article.text\n",
        "image = article.top_image\n",
        "videos = article.movies\n",
        "url = article.url"
      ],
      "outputs": [],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "ObHg-d3EWYLI"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": 7,
      "source": [
        "print(\"Information about the article\")\n",
        "print(\"=\" * 30)\n",
        "print(f\"Title: {title}\")\n",
        "print(f\"Author(s): {authors}\")\n",
        "print(f\"Publish date: {date}\")\n",
        "print(f\"Image: {image}\")\n",
        "print(f\"Videos: {videos}\")\n",
        "print(f\"Article link: {url}\")\n",
        "print(f\"Content: {text[:100] + '...'}\")"
      ],
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "Information about the article\n",
            "==============================\n",
            "Title: AI voice actors sound more human than ever—and they’re ready to hire\n",
            "Author(s): Karen Hao\n",
            "Publish date: 2021-07-09 00:00:00\n",
            "Image: https://wp.technologyreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/AIAudioActor-2.jpg?resize=1200,600\n",
            "Videos: []\n",
            "Article link: https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/07/09/1028140/ai-voice-actors-sound-human/\n",
            "Content: The company blog post drips with the enthusiasm of a ’90s US infomercial. WellSaid Labs describes wh...\n"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "FQDY_ZmlWk0_",
        "outputId": "1de08e5f-07d1-4fe7-f31e-d6714ba5e9fa"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "## NLP from article"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "iLBHcE3lXxHG"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": 8,
      "source": [
        "article.nlp()"
      ],
      "outputs": [],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "Maf0OQROWUi0"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": 9,
      "source": [
        "keywords = article.keywords\n",
        "keywords.sort()\n",
        "print(keywords)"
      ],
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "['actors', 'ai', 'audio', 'certainly', 'clients', 'companies', 'different', 'everand', 'hire', 'human', 'ready', 'sound', 'theyre', 'voice', 'voices']\n"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "LgaAM_e0Yk1L",
        "outputId": "5f36480a-52e6-4249-8c99-dab6169724bb"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": 10,
      "source": [
        "keywords = \"\\n\".join(keyw for keyw in keywords)"
      ],
      "outputs": [],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "TkuS75W5YERO"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": 11,
      "source": [
        "print(f\"Article Keywords: \\n{keywords}\")"
      ],
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "Article Keywords: \n",
            "actors\n",
            "ai\n",
            "audio\n",
            "certainly\n",
            "clients\n",
            "companies\n",
            "different\n",
            "everand\n",
            "hire\n",
            "human\n",
            "ready\n",
            "sound\n",
            "theyre\n",
            "voice\n",
            "voices\n"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "W00yQu7dX46d",
        "outputId": "4121d605-f774-47d7-89e5-1c0374edce05"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "### Newspaper library summary"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "Zd2wIFIkWq8A"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": 12,
      "source": [
        "print(f\"Summary: \\n{article.summary}\")"
      ],
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "Summary: \n",
            "Unlike a recording of a human voice actor, synthetic voices can also update their script in real time, opening up new opportunities to personalize advertising.\n",
            "Human voice actors, in particular, have been left to wonder what this means for their livelihoods.\n",
            "Part of what makes a human voice so human is its inconsistency, expressiveness, and ability to deliver the same lines in completely different styles, depending on the context.\n",
            "Capturing these nuances involves finding the right voice actors to supply the appropriate training data and fine-tune the deep-learning models.\n",
            "Many of its clients use the synthesized voices only in pre-production and switch to real voice actors for the final production.\n"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "Sl5_-D1DYAlx",
        "outputId": "797544f1-1ec1-4476-df85-8786cc127e0d"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": 13,
      "source": [
        "text"
      ],
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "'The company blog post drips with the enthusiasm of a ’90s US infomercial. WellSaid Labs describes what clients can expect from its “eight new digital voice actors!” Tobin is “energetic and insightful.” Paige is “poised and expressive.” Ava is “polished, self-assured, and professional.”\\n\\nEach one is based on a real voice actor, whose likeness (with consent) has been preserved using AI. Companies can now license these voices to say whatever they need. They simply feed some text into the voice engine, and out will spool a crisp audio clip of a natural-sounding performance.\\n\\nWellSaid Labs, a Seattle-based startup that spun out of the research nonprofit Allen Institute of Artificial Intelligence, is the latest firm offering AI voices to clients. For now, it specializes in voices for corporate e-learning videos. Other startups make voices for digital assistants, call center operators, and even video-game characters.\\n\\nNot too long ago, such deepfake voices had something of a lousy reputation for their use in scam calls and internet trickery. But their improving quality has since piqued the interest of a growing number of companies. Recent breakthroughs in deep learning have made it possible to replicate many of the subtleties of human speech. These voices pause and breathe in all the right places. They can change their style or emotion. You can spot the trick if they speak for too long, but in short audio clips, some have become indistinguishable from humans.\\n\\nAI voices are also cheap, scalable, and easy to work with. Unlike a recording of a human voice actor, synthetic voices can also update their script in real time, opening up new opportunities to personalize advertising.\\n\\nBut the rise of hyperrealistic fake voices isn’t consequence-free. Human voice actors, in particular, have been left to wonder what this means for their livelihoods.\\n\\nHow to fake a voice\\n\\nSynthetic voices have been around for a while. But the old ones, including the voices of the original Siri and Alexa, simply glued together words and sounds to achieve a clunky, robotic effect. Getting them to sound any more natural was a laborious manual task.\\n\\nDeep learning changed that. Voice developers no longer needed to dictate the exact pacing, pronunciation, or intonation of the generated speech. Instead, they could feed a few hours of audio into an algorithm and have the algorithm learn those patterns on its own.\\n\\n“If I’m Pizza Hut, I certainly can’t sound like Domino’s, and I certainly can’t sound like Papa John’s.” Rupal Patel, founder and CEO of VocaliD\\n\\nOver the years, researchers have used this basic idea to build voice engines that are more and more sophisticated. The one WellSaid Labs constructed, for example, uses two primary deep-learning models. The first predicts, from a passage of text, the broad strokes of what a speaker will sound like—including accent, pitch, and timbre. The second fills in the details, including breaths and the way the voice resonates in its environment.\\n\\nMaking a convincing synthetic voice takes more than just pressing a button, however. Part of what makes a human voice so human is its inconsistency, expressiveness, and ability to deliver the same lines in completely different styles, depending on the context.\\n\\nCapturing these nuances involves finding the right voice actors to supply the appropriate training data and fine-tune the deep-learning models. WellSaid says the process requires at least an hour or two of audio and a few weeks of labor to develop a realistic-sounding synthetic replica.\\n\\nAI voices have grown particularly popular among brands looking to maintain a consistent sound in millions of interactions with customers. With the ubiquity of smart speakers today, and the rise of automated customer service agents as well as digital assistants embedded in cars and smart devices, brands may need to produce upwards of a hundred hours of audio a month. But they also no longer want to use the generic voices offered by traditional text-to-speech technology—a trend that accelerated during the pandemic as more and more customers skipped in-store interactions to engage with companies virtually.\\n\\n“If I’m Pizza Hut, I certainly can’t sound like Domino’s, and I certainly can’t sound like Papa John’s,” says Rupal Patel, a professor at Northeastern University and the founder and CEO of VocaliD, which promises to build custom voices that match a company’s brand identity. “These brands have thought about their colors. They’ve thought about their fonts. Now they’ve got to start thinking about the way their voice sounds as well.”\\n\\nWhereas companies used to have to hire different voice actors for different markets—the Northeast versus Southern US, or France versus Mexico—some voice AI firms can manipulate the accent or switch the language of a single voice in different ways. This opens up the possibility of adapting ads on streaming platforms depending on who is listening, changing not just the characteristics of the voice but also the words being spoken. A beer ad could tell a listener to stop by a different pub depending on whether it’s playing in New York or Toronto, for example. Resemble.ai, which designs voices for ads and smart assistants, says it’s already working with clients to launch such personalized audio ads on Spotify and Pandora.\\n\\nThe gaming and entertainment industries are also seeing the benefits. Sonantic, a firm that specializes in emotive voices that can laugh and cry or whisper and shout, works with video-game makers and animation studios to supply the voice-overs for their characters. Many of its clients use the synthesized voices only in pre-production and switch to real voice actors for the final production. But Sonantic says a few have started using them throughout the process, perhaps for characters with fewer lines. Resemble.ai and others have also worked with film and TV shows to patch up actors’ performances when words get garbled or mispronounced.'"
            ],
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "string"
            }
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 13
        }
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "f0Nhx8VW-1Nn",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 136
        },
        "outputId": "d64cf487-1583-48f1-f31b-900195fa43f7"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "## summarize with Hugging Face and Gradio"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "gKU15cTPWn8O"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": 14,
      "source": [
        "io1 = gr.Interface.load('huggingface/sshleifer/distilbart-cnn-12-6')\n",
        "io2 = gr.Interface.load(\"huggingface/facebook/bart-large-cnn\")\n",
        "io3 = gr.Interface.load(\"huggingface/google/pegasus-xsum\")  \n",
        "io4 = gr.Interface.load(\"huggingface/sshleifer/distilbart-cnn-6-6\")                   \n",
        "\n",
        "iface = Parallel(io1, io2, io3, io4,\n",
        "                 theme='huggingface', \n",
        "                 inputs = gr.inputs.Textbox(lines = 10, label=\"Text\"))\n",
        "\n",
        "iface.launch()"
      ],
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "Colab notebook detected. To show errors in colab notebook, set `debug=True` in `launch()`\n",
            "This share link will expire in 24 hours. If you need a permanent link, visit: https://gradio.app/introducing-hosted (NEW!)\n",
            "Running on External URL: https://38417.gradio.app\n",
            "Interface loading below...\n"
          ]
        },
        {
          "output_type": "display_data",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "<IPython.lib.display.IFrame at 0x7f93a68dcf50>"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "        <iframe\n",
              "            width=\"900\"\n",
              "            height=\"500\"\n",
              "            src=\"https://38417.gradio.app\"\n",
              "            frameborder=\"0\"\n",
              "            allowfullscreen\n",
              "        ></iframe>\n",
              "        "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          }
        },
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "(<Flask 'gradio.networking'>,\n",
              " 'http://127.0.0.1:7860/',\n",
              " 'https://38417.gradio.app')"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 14
        }
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "uGiJlLvfT9P-",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 638
        },
        "outputId": "4a6b2ff7-0e0e-44e7-d2ae-b79862cf202e"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": 15,
      "source": [
        "def extract_article_text(url):\n",
        "  USER_AGENT = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.15; rv:78.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/78.0'\n",
        "  config = Config()\n",
        "  config.browser_user_agent = USER_AGENT\n",
        "  config.request_timeout = 10\n",
        "\n",
        "  article = Article(url, config=config)\n",
        "  article.download()\n",
        "  article.parse()\n",
        "  text = article.text\n",
        "  return text"
      ],
      "outputs": [],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "3JEx1OCkIf8d"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": 16,
      "source": [
        "extractor = gr.Interface(extract_article_text, 'text', 'text')\n",
        "summarizer = gr.Interface.load(\"huggingface/facebook/bart-large-cnn\")\n",
        "\n",
        "sample_url = [['https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/07/22/1029973/deepmind-alphafold-protein-folding-biology-disease-drugs-proteome/'],\n",
        "              ['https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/07/21/1029860/disability-rights-employment-discrimination-ai-hiring/'],\n",
        "              ['https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/07/09/1028140/ai-voice-actors-sound-human/']]\n",
        "\n",
        "desc =  '''\n",
        "        Let Hugging Face models summarize articles for you. \n",
        "        Note: Shorter articles generate faster summaries.\n",
        "        This summarizer uses bart-large-cnn model by Facebook\n",
        "        '''\n",
        "\n",
        "iface = Series(extractor, summarizer, \n",
        "  inputs = gr.inputs.Textbox(\n",
        "      lines = 2,\n",
        "      label = 'URL'\n",
        "  ),\n",
        "  outputs = 'text',\n",
        "  title = 'News Summarizer',\n",
        "  theme = 'huggingface',\n",
        "  description = desc,\n",
        "  examples=sample_url)\n",
        "\n",
        "iface.launch()"
      ],
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "Colab notebook detected. To show errors in colab notebook, set `debug=True` in `launch()`\n",
            "This share link will expire in 24 hours. If you need a permanent link, visit: https://gradio.app/introducing-hosted (NEW!)\n",
            "Running on External URL: https://47893.gradio.app\n",
            "Interface loading below...\n"
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          "execution_count": 16
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      "source": [],
      "outputs": [],
      "metadata": {
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  ]
}