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session2.html
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session2.html
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<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Class 3 ~ HTML/CSS ~ Girl Develop IT</title>
<meta name="description" content="This is the official Girl Develop It Core HTML/CSS curriculum. It was developed through the contributions of Pamela Fox, Alexis Goldstein, Erin M. Kidwell, Izzy Johnston, and Jen Myers.
The course is meant to be taught in 4 or 6 two-hour sections. If you are teaching a 4 section course, you can ignore classes 5 and 6 without losing any impact or information. Each of the slides and practice files are customizable according to the needs of a given class or audience.">
<meta name="author" content="Girl Develop It">
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes" />
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="black-translucent" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="reveal/css/reveal.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="reveal/css/theme/gdilight.css" id="theme">
<!-- For syntax highlighting -->
<!-- light editor<link rel="stylesheet" href="lib/css/light.css">-->
<!-- dark editor--><link rel="stylesheet" href="reveal/lib/css/light.css">
<!-- If use the PDF print sheet so students can print slides-->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="reveal/css/print/pdf.css" type="text/css" media="print">
<!--[if lt IE 9]>
<script src="lib/js/html5shiv.js"></script>
<![endif]-->
</head>
<body>
<div class="reveal">
<!-- Any section element inside of this container is displayed as a slide-->
<div class="slides">
<!-- Opening slide -->
<section>
<img src = "images/gdi_logo_badge.png">
<h3>Beginning HTML and CSS</h3>
<h4>Session 2</h4>
</section>
<!-- Welcome-->
<!-- <section>
<h3>Welcome!</h3>
<div class = "left-align">
<p>Girl Develop It is here to provide affordable and accessible programs to learn software through mentorship and hands-on instruction.</p>
<p class ="green">Some "rules"</p>
<ul>
<li>We are here for you!</li>
<li>Every question is important</li>
<li>Help each other</li>
<li>Have fun</li>
</ul>
</div>
</section> -->
<section>
<h3>What we'll be making today</h3>
<div class="left" style="width: 45%;">
<p>Today we will be making a site from scratch using divs and spans to create a header, footer, sidebar and a content area.</p>
</div>
<div class="right" style="width: 45%;">
<img src="images/session2site.png">
</div>
</section>
<!-- Inline vs. block-->
<section>
<h3>Inline vs Block</h3>
<div class = "left" style="width: 50%; text-align: left;">
<div class = "fragment">
<p>So far, we have mostly seen <span class="green">"block"</span> elements</p>
<p>They appear on the next line, like paragraphs</p>
</div>
<br/><br/>
<div class = "fragment">
<p>There are also <span class="green">"inline"</span> elements</p>
<p>They appear on the same line that they are written on.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="right fragment">
<img src="images/example-blockinline.png" alt="example of inline and block elements" />
</div>
</section>
<!-- Inline v block again-->
<section>
<h3>Block & Inline Elements,</h3>
<ul>
<li>CSS divides HTML into two types: inline and block.</li>
<li>After block elements, browsers render a new line.</li>
<li>Inline elements: img, a, br, em, strong</li>
<li>Block elements: p, h1, ul, li, almost everything else</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Element: Div</h3>
<ul>
<li>Block level element. Each new div is rendered on a new line.</li>
<li>A division, or section of content within an HTML page.</li>
<li>Used to group elements to format them with CSS.</li>
<li>Apply IDs and Classes to divs to control their styles with CSS.</li>
</ul>
<pre><code><div>
<p>Content<p>
<p>Content<p>
</div></code></pre>
<pre><code><div id="header">
<h1>Main Heading<h1>
</div></code></pre>
<pre><code><div class="sub-content">
<p>Some more content<p>
</div></code></pre>
</section>
<!-- Div continued-->
<section>
<h3>Grouping elements with div</h3>
<div class = "left-align">
<ul>
<li>The div tag is used everywhere to group elements together into sections.</li>
<li>For example, what if we want the first 2 paragraphs of a section to be right-aligned, purple & bold, but we don't want any other paragraphs to be right-aligned?</li>
<li>We would wrap them in a div element to style them differently.</li>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Grouping elements with div, cont.</h3>
<pre><code class = "html">
.align-right{
text-align:right;
color: purple;
font-weight: bold;
}
</code></pre>
<pre><code class ="html">
<div class="align-right">
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit</p>
<p>Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore.</p>
</div>
<p>Magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam.</p>
<p>Quis nostrud exercitation ullamco.</a>
</code></pre>
<div style = "text-align:right;font-weight: bold; font-size: 70%;" class = "green">
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit</p>
<p>Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore.</p>
</div>
<div class = "left-align" style="font-size: 70%;">
<p>Magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam.</p>
<p>Quis nostrud exercitation ullamco.</a>
</div>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Let's Develop It</h3>
<p class="left-align">Let's create a site using divs to separate content into different sections on our page.</p>
<p class="left-align">Create a header, content area, sidebar, and a footer.</p>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Element: Span</h3>
<ul>
<li>Inline element. Each new span is rendered next to each other & only wraps when it reaches the edge of the containing element.</li>
<li>Can be used to apply styles to text inline so as not to break the flow of content.</li>
</ul>
</section>
<!-- Span -->
<section>
<h3>Span</h3>
<p>Span is used to apply a specific style inline</p>
<pre><code class ="html">
.yellow{
color:yellow;
}
</code></pre>
<pre><code class ="html">
<p>Paragraph with <span class ="yellow">yellow</span> text.</p>
</code></pre>
<p>Paragraph with <span class ="yellow">yellow</span> text.</p>
</section>
<!-- Exercise-->
<section>
<h3>Let's Develop It</h3>
<p>Let's add some spans to our content to help highlight some text. </p>
</section>
<!-- Pseudo class-->
<section>
<h3>Pseudo-classes, more CSS for links</h3>
<div class ="left left-align" style="width:50%">
<p>Changing the format of a link when you hover over it is accomplished by using pseudo-classes.</p>
<br/>
<p>CSS pseudo-classes are used to add special effects to some selectors.</p>
</div>
Syntax:
<pre><code class ="html">
selector:pseudo-class
{
property:value;
}
</code></pre>
Example:
<pre><code class ="html">
a:link
{
text-decoration: none;
}
</code></pre>
</section>
<!-- Pseudo class-->
<section>
<h3>Pseudo-classes, more CSS for links</h3>
<pre><code class ="html">
a:link {color:#FF0000;} /* unvisited link */
a:visited {color:#00FF00;} /* visited link */
a:hover {color:#FF00FF;} /* mouse over link */
a:active {color:#0000FF;} /* selected link */
</code></pre>
<p>Note: a:hover MUST come after a:link and a:visited in the CSS definition in order to be effective!</p>
<p>Note: a:active MUST come after a:hover in the CSS definition in order to be effective!</p>
</section>
<!-- Exercise-->
<section>
<h3>Let's Develop It</h3>
<p>Add pseudo classes to your links</p>
</section>
<!-- Box model-->
<section>
<h3>Box Model</h3>
<img src ="images/box-model.png"/>
</section>
<!-- Padding -->
<section>
<h3>Padding</h3>
<p>Space between the border and the content</p>
<img src ="images/box-model.png"/>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Padding</h3>
<p>Space between the border and the content</p>
<p>Adds to the total width of the box.</p>
<img src ="images/box-model-padding.png"/>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Padding</h3>
15 pixels on all sides
<pre><code class ="html">
padding: 15px;
</code></pre>
10 pixels on top only
<pre><code class ="html">
padding-top: 10px;
</code></pre>
10 on top, 5 on right, 3 on bottom, 5 on left
<pre><code class ="html">
padding: 10px 5px 3px 5px;
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Padding</h3>
<p>Four values<p>
<pre><code class = "html">
padding: top right bottom left;
</code></pre>
<p>Two values</p>
<pre><code class = "html">
padding: top/bottom right/left;
</code></pre>
<p>One value</p>
<pre><code class = "html">
padding: all;
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Padding</h3>
<pre><code class ="html">
padding: 10px 20px 30px 40px;
</code></pre>
<img src ="images/box-model-padding2.png"/>
</section>
<!-- Border-->
<section>
<h3>Border</h3>
<p>The edge around the box, specified as "thickness, style, color."</p>
<img src ="images/box-model-border.png">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Border</h3>
<p>A solid red border</p>
<pre><code class = "html">
border: 1px solid #ff0000;
</code></pre>
<p>A thick dotted black top border</p>
<pre><code class ="html">
border-top: 4px dotted #000000;
</code></pre>
<p>Two different border styles</p>
<pre><code class ="html">
border-top: 1px solid #ff0000;
border-bottom: 4px dotted #000000;
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Border - Other Properties</h3>
<pre><code class ="html">
border-width: 10px;
border-style: dashed;
border-color: #666666;
</code></pre>
<p>You can specify each property separately, or all three together.</p>
</section>
<!-- Margin -->
<section>
<h3>Margin</h3>
<p>The transparent area around the box that separates it from other elements.</p>
<img src ="images/box-model-margin.png"/>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Margin</h3>
<p>15 pixels on all sides</p>
<pre><code class = "html">
margin: 15px;
</code></pre>
<p>10 on top, 5 on right, 3 on bottom, 5 on left</p>
<pre><code class ="html">
margin: 10px 5px 3px 5px;
</code></pre>
<p>10 pixels on top</p>
<pre><code class = "html">
margin-top: 10px;
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Auto Margin</h3>
<p>If a margin is set to auto on a box that has width, it will take up as much space as possible.</p>
<p>CENTERED</p>
<pre><code class ="html">
margin: auto;
width: 300px;
</code></pre>
<p>FLUSH-RIGHT</p>
<pre><code class = "html">
margin-left: auto;
margin-right: 5px;
width: 300px;
</code></pre>
</section>
<!-- Exercise-->
<!-- Exercise -->
<section>
<h3>Let's Develop it!</h3>
<p>Let's add some padding, borders, and margins to our divs.</p>
<p>Let's center our entire document in the browser.</p>
</section>
<!-- Width-->
<section>
<h3>Property: Width</h3>
<p>Sets the width of an element.</p>
<p>Does not include padding or borders, remember these add to the width.</p>
</section>
<!-- height-->
<section>
<h3>Property: Height</h3>
<p>Sets the height of an element.</p>
<p>Does not include padding or borders, remember these add to the width.</p>
</section>
<!-- Exercise -->
<section>
<h3>Let's develop it!</h3>
<div class="left-align">
<p>Add a width & height to our divs.</p>
<p>Use IDs to target each div with CSS</p>
</div>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Static Positioning</h3>
<div class = "left-align">
<p>HTML elements are positioned static by default.</p>
<p>Static elements are positioned in the normal flow of the page</p>
<p>Static elements ignore top, bottom, right or left property specifications.</p>
</div>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Static Positioning</h3>
<p>In normal flow, inline boxes flow from left to right, wrapping to next line when needed.</p>
<pre><code class = "html">
<img src="images/cookie1.png"/>
<img src="images/cookie2.png"/>
<img src="images/cookie3.png"/>
...
<img src="images/cookie2.png"/>
<img src="images/cookie3.png"/>
</code></pre>
<img src="images/cookie1.png"/>
<img src="images/cookie2.png"/>
<img src="images/cookie3.png"/>
<img src="images/cookie1.png"/>
<img src="images/cookie2.png"/>
<img src="images/cookie3.png"/>
<img src="images/cookie2.png"/>
<img src="images/cookie3.png"/>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Static Positioning</h3>
<p>In normal flow, block boxes flow from top to bottom, making a new line after every box.</p>
<pre><code class ="html">
<p>Greetings</p>
<p>Hello</p>
<p>Hi there!</p>
</code></pre>
<div class ="left-align">
<p>Greetings</p>
<p>Hello</p>
<p>Hi there!</p>
</div>
</section>
<!-- Relative Positioning-->
<section>
<h3>Relative Positioning</h3>
<div class = "left-align">
<ul>
<li>Takes the element out of the normal flow, allowing it to be moved to the top, left, right or bottom. </li>
<li>Does not affect the elements surrounding it.</li>
<li>Makes an element a "positioning context" in which to position other elements relative to it.</li>
<li>Relative positioning and absolute positioning are used together.</li>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Relative Positioning</h3>
<p>The "relative" value will still put the element in the normal flow, but then offset it according to top/left/right/bottom properties.</p>
<pre><code class = "html">
.relative{
position: relative;
left: 80px;
top: 20px;
height: 100px;
background-color: yellow;
}
</code></pre>
<div style="border:2px solid black;">
<div style="position: relative; left: 80px; top: 20px;
height: 100px; background-color: yellow; color:black; text-align:left">
Hello, hi!
</div>
</div>
</section>
<!-- Absolute positioning-->
<section >
<h3>Absolute Positioning</h3>
<div class = "left-align">
<ul>
<li>Positions element outside of the normal flow.</li>
<li>An absolutely positioned element is offset from its container block, positioned relative.</li>
<li>Its container block is the first element that has a position other than static.</li>
<li>If no such element is found, the container block is <html>.</li>
<li>Other elements act as if it's not there.</li>
<li>Determined by its offset values in the properties top, bottom, right and left.</li>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
<section style="border: 1px solid black">
<h3>Absolute Positioning</h3>
<p>The "absolute" value will take the element out of the normal flow and position it in relation to the window (or the closest non-static element).</p>
<pre><code class = "html">
.top{
position: absolute;
top: -40px;
right: 10px;
background-color: yellow
}
</code></pre>
<pre><code class = "html">
.bottom{
position: absolute;
bottom: -40px;
left:60px;
background-color: green
}
</code></pre>
<div>
<div style="position: absolute; top: -40px; right: 10px;
background-color: yellow; color:black">
Up here
</div>
<div style="position: absolute; bottom: -40px; left:60px;
background-color: green">
Down here
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Example: Absolute Positioning</h3>
<div class="left left-align" style="width: 45%;">
<p>Here's an example of an image with a caption absolutely positioned over top of it.</p>
<br/>
<p>The containing div has a position of relative, and the caption has a position of absolute.</p>
</div>
<div class="right" style="width: 45%;">
<img src="images/example-absolute.png" style="border: none; box-shadow: none;"/>
</div>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Z-index</h3>
<p class="left-align">When you use positioning to move elements out of the normal flow of content, elements can overlap. You can change the order of overlapping with z-index.</p>
<p class="left-align">The element with highest z-index goes on top.</p>
<pre><code class ="html">
.bottom{
position: absolute;
bottom: 10px;
left:60px;
background-color: yellow;
}
</code></pre>
<pre><code class ="html">
.top{
position: absolute;
bottom: 15px;
left:60px;
background-color: green;
z-index: 2;
}
</code></pre>
<div style="position: absolute; bottom: -20px; left:60px;
background-color: yellow; color:black"> Bottom </div>
<div style="position: absolute; bottom: -15px; left:60px;
background-color: green; z-index: 2; "> Top </div>
</section>
<!-- <section>
<h3>Let's Develop it!</h3>
<p>Let's add some positioning.</p>
<p>Let's create a div that contains an image and a caption, and position the caption absolutely overtop the image.</p>
</section> -->
<!-- Float-->
<section>
<h3>Float</h3>
<div class = "left-align">
<ul>
<li>"Floating" an element takes it in the normal flow, as far to the left or right of it's containing element as possible.</li>
<li>Any other elements, such as paragraphs or lists, will wrap around the floated element.</li>
<li>Always specify a width when floating an element, otherwise the element is likely to take up the whole page and not appear floated.</li>
<li>You can specify a) whether an element is floated or not, and b) which side it floats on.</li>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
<!--example float-->
<section>
<h3>Float: Example</h3>
<p>Below a <blockquote> is floated to the left, allowing text to wrap around it on the right</p>
<img src="images/example-floatbq.png" alt="example float" />
</section>
<section>
<h3>Float</h3>
<pre><code class ="html">
.float{
float:left;
width:200px;
background:yellow;
}
</code></pre>
<div style ="float:left; text-align: left;width:200px;background:yellow; color:black; padding: 10px;">
<small>Hi, I'm a yellow box with black text.<br/>
I like to hang out on the left side.</small><br/>
</div>
<div class = "left-align">Not floating element</div>
<div class = "left-align">Not floating element</div>
<div class = "left-align">Not floating element with wrapping Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. </div>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Using floats to place elements side by side</h3>
<p>If you want two block level elements to be side by side, you need to float both elements. One left, and one right.</p>
<img src="images/example-float-column.png" />
</section>
<!-- Clear-->
<section>
<h3>Clear</h3>
<ul>
<li>Clearing tells the element on which side (right, left, both) other elements <strong>cannot</strong> appear. </li>
<li>If you had an image floated left, and you did not want the paragraph to appear next to it, you would add <strong>clear: left;</strong> to the paragraph.</li>
<li>Clearing both sides makes sure floats don’t flow past the clear element.</li>
</ul>
<pre><code class = "html">
clear: right;
clear: left;
clear: both;
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Clear</h3>
<pre><code class ="html">
.float{
float:left;
width:50px;
background:yellow;
}
.clear-left{
clear:left
}
</code></pre>
<div style ="float:left;width:50px;background:yellow; color:black; ">
hi<br/>
hi<br/>
hi<br/>
</div>
<div class = "left-align">Not floating element</div>
<div class = "left-align">Not floating element</div>
<div class = "left-align" style="clear: left;">Non-floating element with a class of <strong>.clear-left</strong></div>
</section>
<!-- Exercise-->
<section>
<h3>Let's Develop It</h3>
<p>Let's float our side bar and content areas.</p>
</section> <!-- Question-->
<section>
<h2>Questions?</h2>
<div style = "font-size:1200%; height:100%; margin-top:30%" class ="blue">?
<div class ="clear"></div></div>
</section>
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