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@incollection{ambar:99,
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@article{arregi:03,
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@inproceedings{avgustinova:zhang:10,
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@incollection{balwin:etal:05,
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@book{beaver:clark:08,
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@inproceedings{bender:07,
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@inproceedings{bender:08,
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@inproceedings{bender:09,
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                  Interaction between Linguistics and Computational
                  Linguistics: Virtuous, Vicious or Vacuous?},
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  year = {2009},
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@article{bender:11,
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                  Linguistics},
  editor={Timothy Baldwin and Valia Kordoni},
  volume={6},
  number={3},
  pages={1--26},
  year={2011}
}

@book{bender:13,
  author = {Bender, Emily M.},
  year = {2013}, 
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  publisher = {Morgan \& Claypool Publishers}
}

@inproceedings{bender:14,
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  year = {2014},
  address = {Reykjavik, Iceland},
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}

@inproceedings{bender:etal:02,
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                  Development of Cross-Linguistically Consistent
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  booktitle={Proceedings of the Workshop on Grammar Engineering and
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  address={Taipei, Taiwan},
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@inproceedings{bender:etal:07,
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                  Scott and Evans, Chris},
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                  Cross-linguistic Grammar Resource},
  booktitle = {ACL 2007 Workshop on Deep Linguistic Processing},
  address   = {Prague, Czech Republic},
  publisher = {{Association for Computational Linguistics}},
  pages     = {136--143},
  year = {2007}
}

@inproceedings{bender:etal:09,
  author = {Bender, Emily M.},
  title = {Linguistically Na\"ive != Language Independent: Why {NLP}
                  Needs Linguistic Typology},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the {EACL} 2009 Workshop on the
                  Interaction between Linguistics and Computational
                  Linguistics: Virtuous, Vicious or Vacuous?},
  month = {March},
  year = {2009},
  address = {Athens, Greece},
  publisher = {{Association for Computational Linguistics}},
  pages = {26--32}
}

@article{bender:etal:10,
   author = {Bender, Emily M. and Drellishak, Scott and Fokkens,
                  Antske and Poulson, Laurie and Saleem, Safiyyah},
   affiliation = {Department of Linguistics, University of Washington,
                  Seattle, WA USA},
   title = {Grammar Customization},
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   year = {2010}
}

@inproceedings{bender:etal:10:b,
  author    = {Bender, Emily M. and Drellishak, Scott and Fokkens,
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  title     = {Grammar Prototyping and Testing with the {LinGO} {Grammar}
                  {Matrix} Customization System},
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  address   = {Uppsala, Sweden},
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  year = {2010}
}

@inproceedings{bender:etal:11a,
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@incollection{bender:etal:11b,
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  year={2011},
  address={Stanford,CA},
  publisher={CSLI Publications}
}

@inproceedings{bender:flickinger:05,
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  year = {2005}
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@inproceedings{bender:goss:08,
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@article{bender:langendoen:10,
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  year={2010}
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@incollection{berge:09,
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   year={2009}
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@article{bianchi:frascarelli:10,
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  year={2010}
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@phdthesis{bildhauer:07,
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  year={2007}
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@inproceedings{bildhauer:08,
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  pages = {346--357},
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  year = {2008}
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@inproceedings{bildhauer:cook:10,
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  year = {2010}
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@inproceedings{bjerre:11,
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  year = {2011}
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@book{bolinger:77,
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@inproceedings{bond:etal:09,
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  year={2010}
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@article{bresnan:mchombo:87,
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@inproceedings{brunetti:etal:11,
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  address={Tübingen: Gunter Narr},
  pages={305--327},
  year={2011}
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@article{buring:03,
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  year={2003},
  publisher={Springer}
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@incollection{buring:06,
  title={Focus Projection and Default Prominence},
  author={Büring, Daniel},
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  editor={Moln{\'a}r, Valéria and Winkler, Susanne},
  pages={321--346},
  year={2006},
  address={Berlin},
  publisher={Mouton de Gruyter}
}

@incollection{buring:10,
  title={Towards a Typology of Focus Realization},
  author={Büring, Daniel},
  booktitle={Information Structure},
  editor={Malte Zimmermann abd Caroline Féry},
  publisher={Oxford University Press},
  address={Oxford, UK},
  pages={177--205},
  year={2010}
}

@article{buring:97,
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  author={Büring, Daniel},
  journal={Linguistics and Philosophy},
  volume={20},
  number={2},
  pages={175--194},
  year={1997},
  publisher={Springer}
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@incollection{buring:99,
  title={Topic},
  author={Büring, Daniel},
  booktitle={Focus: Linguistic, Cognitive, and Computational
                   Perspectives},
  editor={Peter Bosch and Rob van der Sandt},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge, UK},
  pages={142--165},
  year={1999}
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@techreport{burnard:00,
  author = {Burnard, Lou},
  title = {User Reference Guide for the {British National Corpus}},
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@article{byron:etal:06,
  title={Resolving Zero Anaphors and Pronouns in {Korean}},
  author={Byron, Donna K. and Gegg-Harrison, Whitney and Lee,
                  Sun-Hee},
  journal={Traitement Automatique des Langues},
  volume={46},
  number={1},
  pages={91--114},
  year={2006}
}

@inproceedings{calhoun:etal:05,
  title={A Framework for Annotating Information Structure in
                  Discourse},
  author={Sasha Calhoun and Malvina Nissim and Mark Steedman and Jason
                  Brenier},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the Workshop on Frontiers in Corpus
                  Annotations II: Pie in the Sky},
  pages={45--52},
  year={2005},
  organization={{Association for Computational Linguistics}}
}

@inproceedings{marimon:10,
  author = {Montserrat Marimon},
  title = {The {Spanish} Resource Grammar},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on
                  Language Resources and Evaluation ({LREC10})},
  year = {2010},
  address = {Valletta, Malta},
  editor = {Nicoletta Calzolari (Conference Chair) and Khalid Choukri
                  and Bente Maegaard and Joseph Mariani and Jan Odijk
                  and Stelios Piperidis and Mike Rosner and Daniel
                  Tapias},
  publisher = {European Language Resources Association (ELRA)}
 }

@article{callmeier:00,
  title={{PET} -- A Platform for Experimentation with Efficient {HPSG}
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  author={Callmeier, Ulrich},
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  number={1},
  pages={99--107},
  year={2000}
}

@article{carletta:96,
  title={Assessing Agreement on Classification Tasks: the {Kappa}
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@inproceedings{carreras:etal:04,
  title={Freeling: An Open-Source Suite of Language Analyzers},
  author={Carreras, Xavier and Chao, Isaac and Padr{\'o}, Llu{\i}s and Padr{\'o}, Muntsa},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 4th {LREC}},
  year={2004}
}

@article{casielles:03,
  title={On the Interaction between Syntactic and Information
                  Structures in {Spanish}},
  author={Casielles-Su{\'a}rez, Eugenia},
  journal={Bulletin of Hispanic Studies},
  volume={80},
  number={1},
  pages={1--20},
  year={2003},
  publisher={LUP}
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@book{casielles:04,
  title={The Syntax-Information Structure Interface: Evidence from
                  {Spanish} and {English}},
  author={Casielles-Su{\'a}rez, Eugenia},
  year={2004},
  address={New York and London},
  publisher={Routledge}
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@article{cecchetto:99,
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@incollection{chafe:76,
   author={Wallace L. Chafe},
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   year={1976}
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@article{chang:02,
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  author={Suk-Jin Chang},
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  volume={10},
  pages={451--464},
  year={2002}
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@book{chapman:81,
  address = {Brasilia},
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@incollection{chen:12,
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@inproceedings{chen:ng:13,
  author    = {Chen Chen and Vincent Ng},
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  year      = {2013},
  address   = {Seattle, WA, USA},
  publisher = {{Association for Computational Linguistics}},
  pages     = {1360--1365}
}

@article{choe:02,
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  year = {2012}
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@book{choi:99,
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@book{chomsky:93,
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@book{chomsky:95,
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@article{chomsky:lasnik:77,
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@inproceedings{chung:etal:03,
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  year={2003},
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}

@article{chung:kenstowicz:97,
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@article{chung:kim:09,
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  year={2009}
}

@article{churng:07,
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  year={2007}
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@article{cinque:77,
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@article{cinque:93,
  title={A Null Theory of Phrase and Compound Stress},
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  pages={239--297},
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@incollection{clech:99,
  title={Are There Cleft Sentences in {French}},
  author={Clech-Darbon, Anne and Rebuschi, Georges and Rialland,
                  Annie},
  booktitle={The Grammar of Focus},
  editor={Georges Rebuschi and Laurice Tuller},
  pages={83--118},
  year={1999},
  publisher={John Benjamins Publishing Company}
}

@article{cohen:60,
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  journal={Educational and Psychological Measurement},
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  year={1960}
}

@article{comrie:84,
  title={Some Formal Properties of Focus in {Modern Eastern
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  author={Bernard Comrie},
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  year={1984}
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@inproceedings{constant:11,
  title={On the Independence of {Mandarin} Aspectual and Contrastive
                  Sentence-Final \textit{ne}},
  author={Constant, Noah},
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                  {Chinese} Linguistics},
  volume={23},
  number={2},
  pages={15--29},
  year={2011}
}

@article{constant:12,
  title={{English} Rise-Fall-Rise: A Study in the Semantics and
                  Pragmatics of Intonation},
  author={Constant, Noah},
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  volume={35},
  number={5},
  pages={407--442},
  year={2012}
}

@book{copestake:02,
  title={Implementing Typed Feature Structure Grammars},
  author={Copestake, Ann},
  year={2002},
  address={Stanford, CA},
  publisher={CSLI Publications}
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@incollection{copestake:02:CLE,
 author = {Copestake, Ann},
 title = {Definitions of Typed Feature Structures},
 booktitle = {Collaborative Language Engineering},
 editor = {Oepen, Stephan and Flickinger, Dan and Tsujii, {Jun-ichi}
                  and Uszkoreit, Hans},
 year = {2002},
 pages = {227--230},
 address = {Stanford, CA},
 publisher = {CSLI Publications}
}

@inproceedings{copestake:07,
  title={Semantic Composition with (Robust) {Minimal Recursion
                  Semantics}},
  author={Copestake, Ann},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the Workshop on Deep Linguistic
                  Processing},
  pages={73--80},
  year={2007},
  organization={{Association for Computational Linguistics}}
}

@inproceedings{copestake:09,
  title={Slacker Semantics: Why Superficiality, Dependency and
                  Avoidance of Commitment can be the Right Way to
                  Go},
  author={Copestake, Ann},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 12th Conference of the {European}
                  Chapter of the {ACL} ({EACL} 2009)},
  pages={1--9},
  year={2009},
  address = {Athens, Greece},
  publisher = {{Association for Computational Linguistics}},
}

@article{copestake:etal:05,
  title={{Minimal Recursion Semantics}: An Introduction},
  author={Copestake, Ann and Flickinger, Dan and Pollard, Carl and
                  Sag, Ivan A.},
  journal={Research on Language \& Computation},
  volume={3},
  number={4},
  pages={281--332},
  year={2005},
  publisher={Springer}
}

@inproceedings{copestake:flickinger:00,
  title={An Open-Source Grammar Development Environment and
                  Broad-Coverage {English} Grammar using {HPSG}},
  author={Copestake, Ann and Dan Flickinger},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 2nd conference on Language Resources
                  and Evaluation},
  address={Athens, Greece},
  year={2000}
}

@incollection{copestake:flickinger:10,
  title={Features and Computational Semantics},
  author={Copestake, Ann and Dan Flickinger},
  booktitle={Features: Perspectives on a Key Notion in Linguistics},
  editor={Anne Kibort and Greville Corbett},
  address = {Oxford, UK},
  publisher={Oxford University Press},
  pages={221--235},
  year={2010}
}

@book{croft:02,
  title={Typology and Universals},
  author={Croft, William},
  year={2002},
  address={Cambridge, UK},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press}
}

@mastersthesis{crowgey:12,
  title={The Syntactic Exponence of Negation: A Model for the {LinGO Grammar Matrix}},
  author={Crowgey, Joshua},
  school={University of Washington},
  year={2012}
}

@inproceedings{crowgey:bender:11,
  author = {Crowgey, Joshua and Bender, Emily M.},
  title = {Analyzing Interacting Phenomena: Word Order and Negation
                  in {B}asque},
  pages = {46--59},
  editor = {Stefan Müller},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the International Conference on
                  {H}ead-Driven {P}hrase {S}tructure {G}rammar},
  address = {Stanford, CA},
  publisher = {CSLI Publications},
  year = {2011}
}

@inproceedings{crysmann:03,
  author = {Berthold Crysmann},
  title = {On the Efficient Implementation of {German} Verb Placement
                  in {HPSG}},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of {RANLP} 2003},
  address = {Borovets, Bulgaria},
  pages = {112--116},
  year = {2003}
}

@inproceedings{crysmann:05a,
  author = {Berthold Crysmann},
  title = {Syncretism in {German}: a Unified Approach to
                  Underspecification, Indeterminacy, and likeness of
                  Case},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on
                  {H}ead-Driven {P}hrase {S}tructure {G}rammar},
  year = {2005},
  address = {Stanford, CA},
  pages = {91--107},
  publisher = {CSLI Publications}
}

@article{crysmann:05b,
  author = {Berthold Crysmann},
  title = {Relative Clause Extraposition in {German}: An Efficient
                  and Portable Implementation},
  journal = {Research on Language \& Computation},
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  number = {1},
  pages = {61--82},
  year = {2005}
}

@book{dalrymple:nikolaeva:11,
  title={Objects and Information Structure},
  author={Dalrymple, Mary and Nikolaeva, Irina},
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  year={2011},
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}

@book{dekuthy:00,
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  address = {Stanford, CA},
  publisher={CSLI publications}
}

@inproceedings{dekuthy:meurers:11,
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  author={De Kuthy, Kordula and Meurers, Detmar},
  pages = {289--301},
  editor = {Stefan Müller},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on
                  {H}ead-Driven {P}hrase {S}tructure {G}rammar},
  address = {Stanford, CA},
  publisher = {CSLI Publications},
  year = {2011}
}

@article{diesing:92,
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@misc{dipper:etal:07,
  booktitle    = {Interdisciplinary Studies on Information Structure (ISIS), Working papers of the SFB 632},
  editor       = {G{\"o}tze, Michael and Dipper, Stephanie and Skopeteas, Stavros},
  title        = {{Information Structure in Cross-Linguistic Corpora: Annotation Guidelines for Phonology, Morphology, Syntax, Semantics, and Information Structure}},
  volume       = {7},
  year         = {2007}
}

@phdthesis{drellishak:09,
  title={Widespread but Not Universal: Improving the Typological
                  Coverage of the {Grammar Matrix}},
  author={Drellishak, Scott},
  school={University of Washington},
  year={2009}
}

@inproceedings{drellishak:bender:05,
  author	= {Scott Drellishak and Emily M. Bender},
  title		= {A Coordination Module for a Crosslinguistic Grammar
		  Resource},
  booktitle	= {The Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on
		  {H}ead-Driven {P}hrase {S}tructure {G}rammar},
  year={2005},
  editor={Stefan Müller},
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  pages={108--128}
}

@inproceedings{dridan:13,
  author    = {Rebecca Dridan},
  title     = {Ubertagging: Joint Segmentation and Supertagging for {English}},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2013 Conference on Empirical Methods
                  in Natural Language Processing},
  year      = {2013},
  address   = {Seattle, WA, USA},
  publisher = {{Association for Computational Linguistics}},
  pages     = {1201--1212}
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@article{drubig:03,
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@incollection{emonds:04,
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  year={2004},
  address={Dordrecht},
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@phdthesis{emonds:70,
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}

@article{emonds:79,
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@article{engdahl:vallduvi:96,
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@book{erteschik:07,
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@book{erteschik:97,
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@incollection{erteschik:99,
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  publisher={John Benjamins Publishing Company},
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  pages={119--150},
  year={1999}
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@mphillthesis{eveleigh:10,
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  author={Vaughan Eveleigh},
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  year={2010}
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@article{fabb:90,
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@inproceedings{fan:15a,
  author = {Fan, Zhenzhen and Sanghoun Song and Francis Bond},
  title = {An {HPSG}-based Shared-Grammar for the Chinese Languages: {ZHONG} [|]},
  booktitle = {Grammar Engineering Across Frameworks 2015 (in
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  year = {2015},
  address = {Beijing, China},
  pages = {17--24}
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@inproceedings{fan:15b,
  author = {Fan, Zhenzhen and Sanghoun Song and Francis Bond},
  title = {Building {ZHONG}, a Chinese {HPSG} Shared-Grammar},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on
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  year = {2015},
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  pages = {96--109}
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@article{fanselow:07,
  title={The Restricted Access of Information Structure to Syntax. A
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  journal={Interdisciplinary Studies on Information Structure, Working Papers of the SFB 632},
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  pages={205--220},
  year={2007}
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@article{fanselow:08,
  title={In Need of Mediation: the Relation between Syntax and
                  Information Structure},
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  year={2008}
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@article{fery:ishihara:09,
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  volume={45},
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  year={2009}
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@incollection{fery:krifka:08,
  title={Information Structure: Notional Distinctions, Ways of
                  Expression},
  author={Féry, Caroline and Krifka, Manfred},
  booktitle={Unity and Diversity of Languages},
  editor={Piet van Sterkenburg},
  pages={123--136},
  year={2008},
  address={Amsterdam},
  publisher={John Benjamins Publishing Company}
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@incollection{fiedler:etal:10,
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  author={Ines Fiedler and Katharina Hartmann and Brigitte Reineke and
                  Anne Schwarz and Malte Zimmermann},
  booktitle={Information Structure: Theoretical, Typological, and
                  Experimental Perspectives},
  editor={Malte Zimmermann abd Caroline Féry},
  publisher={Oxford University Press},
  address={Oxford, UK},
  pages={234--257},
  year={2010}
}

@incollection{fintel:04,
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                  (Presuppositions and Truth-value Intuitions)},
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  publisher={Oxford University Press},
  address={Oxford, UK},
  pages={315--341},
  year={2004}
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@book{firbas:92,
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@article{flickinger:00,
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  author = {Dan Flickinger},
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            Tsujii, J. and Uszkoreit, Hans},
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  number = {1},
  pages = {15--28},
  year = {2000}
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@phdthesis{flickinger:87,
  title={Lexical Rules in the Hierarchical Lexicon},
  author={Dan Flickinger},
  year={1987},
  school={Stanford University}
}

@techreport{fokkens:10,
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  year = {2010}
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@inproceedings{fokkens:11,
  author    = {Fokkens, Antske},
  title     = {Metagrammar Engineering: Towards Systematic Exploration
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  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 49th Annual Meeting of the
                  {Association for Computational Linguistics}: Human
                  Language Technologies},
  month     = {June},
  year      = {2011},
  address   = {Portland, OR},
  publisher = {{Association for Computational Linguistics}},
  pages     = {1066--1076}
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@inproceedings{fokkens:etal:12,
  author = {Fokkens, Antske and Tania Avgustinova and Yi Zhang},
  title = {{CLIMB} {G}rammars: Three Projects Using Metagrammar
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  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Eight International Conference on
                  Language Resources and Evaluation ({LREC}'12)},
  year = {2012},
  address = {Istanbul, Turkey},
  publisher = {European Language Resources Association (ELRA)},
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@inproceedings{fokkens:etal:13,
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           What Replication Failure Teaches Us},
  author={Fokkens, Antske and {van Erp}, Marieke and Postma, Marten and Pedersen, Ted and Vossen, Piek and Freire, Nuno},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 51st Annual Meeting of the
                  {Association for Computational Linguistics}},
  year      = {2013},
  address   = {Sofia, Bulgaria},
  publisher = {{Association for Computational Linguistics}},
  pages     = {1691--1701}
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@book{frascarelli:00,
  title={The Syntax-Phonology Interface in Focus and Topic
                  Constructions in {Italian}},
  author={Frascarelli, Mare},
  year={2000},
  address={Dordrecht/Boston},
  publisher={Kluwer Academic Publishers}
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@book{frota:00,
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  author={Frota, S{\'o}nia},
  year={2000},
  address={New York, NY},
  publisher={Garland Publishing Inc.}
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@inproceedings{gell:ruhlen:11,
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  author={Gell-Mann, Murray and Ruhlen, Merritt},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
                  United States of America},
  volume={108},
  number={42},
  pages={17290--17295},
  year={2011},
  publisher={National Acad Sciences}
}

@book{ginzburg:12,
  title={The Interactive Stance: Meaning for Conversation},
  author={Jonathan Ginzburg},
  year={2012},
  address={New York, NY},
  publisher={Oxford University Press}
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@book{givon:84,
  title={Syntax, a Functional-Typological Approach},
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  year={1984}
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@article{givon:91,
  title={Isomorphism in the Grammatical Code: Cognitive and
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  author={Giv{\'o}n, Talmy},
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  number={1},
  pages={85--114},
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@article{goodman:13,
  title={Generation of Machine-Readable Morphological Rules with
                  Human Readable Input},
  author={Goodman, Michael Wayne},
  journal={UW Working Papers in Linguistics},
  volume={30},
  year={2013}
}

@mastersthesis{gracheva:13,
  title={Markers of Contrast in {Russian}: A Corpus-based Study},
  author={Varvara Gracheva},
  school={University of Washington},
  year={2013}
}

@article{grewendorf:01,
  title={Multiple \textit{Wh}-Fronting},
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  journal={Linguistic Inquiry},
  volume={32},
  number={1},
  pages={87--122},
  year={2001}
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@inproceedings{grishina:06,
  title={Spoken {Russian} in the {Russian National Corpus (RNC)}},
  author={Grishina, Elena},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on
                  Language Resources and Evaluation},
  pages={121--124},
  year={2006}
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@article{grohmann:01,
  title={On Predication, Derivation and Anti-Locality},
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  journal={ZAS Papers in Linguistics},
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  pages={87--112},
  year={2001}
}

@article{gropen:etal:89,
  title={The Learnability and Acquisition of the Dative Alternation
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  author={Gropen, Jess and Pinker, Steven and Hollander, Michelle and
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@article{grosz:etal:95,
  title={Centering: A Framework for Modeling the Local Coherence of
                  Discourse},
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  year={1995}
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@phdthesis{gryllia:09,
  title={On the Nature of Preverbal Focus in {Greek}: a Theoretical and
                  Experimental Approach},
  author={Styliani Gryllia},
  year={2009},
  school={Leiden University}
}

@incollection{gundel:02,
  author={Gundel, Jeanette K.},
  title={Information Structure and the Use of Cleft Sentences in
                  {English} and {Norwegian}},
  booktitle={Information Structure in a Cross-Linguistic Perspective},
  editor={H. Hasselgrd and S. Johansson and B. Behrens and
                  C. Fabricius-Hansen},
  publisher={Rodopi},
  address={Amsterdam},
  pages={113--128},
  year={2002}
}

@inproceedings{gundel:03,
  title = {Information Structure and Referential Givenness/Newness:
                  How Much Belongs in the Grammar?},
  author = {Jeanette K. Gundel},
  pages = {122--142},
  editor = {Stefan Müller},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on
                  {H}ead-Driven {P}hrase {S}tructure {G}rammar},
  address = {Stanford, CA},
  publisher = {CSLI Publications},
  year = {2003}
}

@article{gundel:77,
  title={Where Do Cleft Sentences Come From?},
  author={Gundel, Jeanette K.},
  journal={Language},
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  number={3},
  pages={543--559},
  year={1977},
  publisher={JSTOR}
}

@book{gundel:83,
   author={Gundel, Jeanette K.},
   title={The Role of Topic and Comment in Linguistic Theory},
   publisher={Garland},
   address={New York, NY},
   year={1983}
}

@article{gundel:85,
  title={Shared Knowledge and Topicality},
  author={Gundel, Jeanette K.},
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  volume={9},
  pages={83--107},
  year={1985}
}

@article{gundel:88,
  title={Universals of Topic-Comment Structure},
  author={Gundel, Jeanette K.},
  journal={Studies in Syntactic Typology},
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  pages={209--239},
  year={1988},
  address={Amsterdam},
  publisher={John Benjamins Publishing Company}
}

@incollection{gundel:99,
   author={Gundel, Jeanette K.},
   title={On Different Kinds of Focus},
   booktitle={Focus: Linguistic, Cognitive, and Computational
                  Perspectives},
   editor={Peter Bosch and Rob van der Sandt},
   publisher={Cambridge University Press},
   address={Cambridge, UK},
   pages={293--305},
   year={1999}
}

@article{gundel:etal:93,
  title={Cognitive Status and the Form of Referring Expressions in
                  Discourse},
  author={Jeanette K. Gundel and Nancy Hedberg and Ron Zacharski},
  journal={Language},
  volume={69},
  number={2},
  pages={274--307},
  year={1993}
}

@incollection{gundel:fretheim:04,
  title={Topic and Focus},
  author={Gundel, Jeanette K and Fretheim, Thorstein},
  booktitle={The Handbook of Pragmatics},
  editor={Laurence Horn and Gergory Ward},
  pages={175--196},
  year={2004},
  publisher={Blackwell Publishing Ltd.}
}

@book{gunji:87,
  title={{Japanese} Phrase Structure Grammar: a Unification-Based
                  Approach},
  author={Gunji, Takao},
  year={1987},
  address={Dordrecht},
  publisher={D. Reidel Publishing Company}
}

@phdthesis{gunlogson:01,
  title={True to Form: Rising and Falling Declaratives as Questions
                  in {English}},
  author={Christine Gunlogson},
  school={University of California at Santa Cruz},
  year={2001}
}

@incollection{gussenhoven:07,
   author={Carlos Gussenhoven},
   title={Types of Focus in {English}},
   booktitle={Topic and Focus: Cross-Linguistic Perspectives on
                  Meaning and Intonation},
   editor={Chungmin Lee and Matthew Gordon and Daniel B\'{u}ring},
   publisher={Kluwer Academic Publishers},
   address={Dordrecht},
   pages={83--100},
   year={2007}
}

@incollection{gussenhoven:99,
  title={On the Limits of Focus Projection in {English}},
   author={Carlos Gussenhoven},
  booktitle={Focus: Linguistic, Cognitive, and Computational
                   Perspectives},
  editor={Peter Bosch and Rob van der Sandt},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge, UK},
  pages={43--55},
  year={1999}
}

@book{gutierrez:06,
  title={Structural Markedness and Syntactic Structure},
  author={Gutierrez-Bravo, Rodrigo},
  year={2006},
  address={New York/London},
  publisher={Routledge}
}

@inproceedings{haegeman:04,
  title={Topicalization, {CLLD} and the Left Periphery},
  author={Haegeman, Liliane},
  booktitle={{ZAS} Papers in Linguistics 35: Proceedings of the
                  Dislocated Elements Workshop},
  pages={157--192},
  year={2004}
}

@article{haiman:78,
  title={Conditionals are Topics},
  author={Haiman, John},
  journal={Language},
  volume={54},
  number={3},
  pages={564--589},
  year={1978},
  publisher={JSTOR}
}

@book{haiman:85,
  title={Natural Syntax: Iconicity and Erosion},
  author={Haiman, John},
  year={1985},
  address ={Cambridge},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press}
}

@inproceedings{haji:03,
  title = {A Constraint-Based Approach to Information Structure and
                  Prosody Correspondence},
  author = {Haji-Abdolhosseini, Mohammad},
  pages = {143--162},
  editor = {Stefan Müller},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on
                  {H}ead-Driven {P}hrase {S}tructure {G}rammar},
  address = {Stanford, CA},
  publisher = {CSLI Publications},
  year = {2003}
}

@article{halliday:67,
  title={Notes on Transitivity and Theme in {English}: Part 2},
  author={Halliday, Michael Alexander Kirkwood},
  journal={Journal of Linguistics},
  volume={3},
  number={2},
  pages={199--244},
  year={1967}
}

@book{halliday:70,
  title={A Course in Spoken {English}: Intonation},
  author={Halliday, Michael Alexander Kirkwood},
  year={1970},
  address = {Oxford},
  publisher={Oxford University Press}
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@phdthesis{han:06,
  title={{Korean} Zero Pronouns: Analysis and Resolution},
  author={Han, Na-Rae},
  year={2006},
  school={University of Pennsylvania}
}

@article{han:hedberg:08,
  title={Syntax and Semantics of \textit{it}-clefts: a {Tree Adjoining
                  Grammar} Analysis},
  author={Han, Chung-Hye and Hedberg, Nancy},
  journal={Journal of Semantics},
  volume={25},
  number={4},
  pages={345--380},
  year={2008},
  publisher={Oxford Univ Press}
}

@inproceedings{hangyo:etal:13,
  author    = {Masatsugu Hangyo and Daisuke Kawahara and Sadao Kurohashi },
  title     = {{Japanese} Zero Reference Resolution Considering
                  Exophora and Author/Reader Mentions},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2013 Conference on Empirical Methods
                  in Natural Language Processing},
  year      = {2013},
  address   = {Seattle, WA, USA},
  publisher = {{Association for Computational Linguistics}},
  pages     = {9241--934}
}

@incollection{hartmann:zimmermann:07,
  title={Exhaustivity Marking in {Hausa}: A Reanalysis of the Particle
                  \textit{nee}/\textit{cee}},
  author={Katharina Hartmann and Malte Zimmermann},
  booktitle={Focus Strategies in {African} Languages: The Interaction of
                  Focus and Grammar in {Niger-Congo and Afro-Asiatic}},
  editor={Aboh, Enoch Oladé and Hartmann, Katharina and Zimmermann, Malte},
  pages={241--263},
  year={2007},
  address={Berlin},
  publisher={Moutin de Gruyter}
}

@phdthesis{hasegawa:11,
  title={The Semantics and Pragmatics of {Japanese} Focus Particles},
  author={Akio Hasegawa},
  school={State University of New York at Buffalo},
  year={2011}
}

@inproceedings{hasegawa:koenig:11,
  title = {Focus Particles, Secondary Meanings, and Lexical Resource
                  Semantics: The Case of {Japanese} \textit{shika}},
  author = {Akio Hasegawa and Jean-Pierre Koenig},
  pages = {81--101},
  editor = {Stefan Müller},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on
                  {H}ead-Driven {P}hrase {S}tructure {G}rammar},
  address = {Stanford, CA},
  publisher = {CSLI Publications},
  year = {2011}
}

@inproceedings{haugereid:bond:11,
  title={Extracting Transfer Rules for Multiword Expressions from Parallel Corpora},
  author={Haugereid, Petter and Bond, Francis},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the Workshop on Multiword Expressions: from Parsing and Generation to the Real World},
  pages={92--100},
  year={2011},
  organization={{Association for Computational Linguistics}}
}

@incollection{hedberg:06,
  title={Topic-Focus Controversies},
  author={Hedberg, Nancy},
  booktitle={The Architecture of Focus},
  editor={Val\'{e}ria Moln\'{a}r, Susanne Winkler},
  publisher={Walter de Gruyter},
  pages={373-397},
  address={Berlin},
  year={2006}
}

@incollection{hedberg:sosa:07,
   author={Hedberg, Nancy and Juan M. Sosa},
   title={The Prosody of Topic and Focus in Spontaneous {English}
                  Dialogue},
   booktitle={Topic and Focus: Cross-Linguistic Perspectives on
                  Meaning and Intonation},
   editor={Chungmin Lee and Matthew Gordon and Daniel B\'{u}ring},
   publisher={Kluwer Academic Publishers},
   address={Dordrecht},
   pages={101--120},
   year={2007}
}

@book{heim:kratzer:98,
  title={Semantics in Generative Grammar},
  author={Heim, Irene and Kratzer, Angelika},
  year={1998},
  address={Malden, MA},
  publisher={Blackwell Publisher Inc.}
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@inproceedings{hellan:05,
  author = {Lars Hellan},
  title = {Implementing {Norwegian} Reflexives in an {HPSG} Grammar},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on
                  {H}ead-Driven {P}hrase {S}tructure {G}rammar},
  year = {2005},
  address = {Stanford, CA},
  pages = {519--539},
  publisher = {CSLI Publications}
}

@incollection{heycock:07,
  title={Embedded Root Phenomena},
  author={Heycock, Caroline},
  booktitle={The Blackwell Companion to Syntax},
  editor={Martin Everaert and Henk van Riemsdijk},
  pages={174--209},
  year={2007},
  publisher={Wiley Online Library}
}

@inproceedings{heycock:94,
  title={Focus Projection in {Japanese}},
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  pages = {157--171},
  year={1994}
}

@article{hiraiwa:ishihara:02,
  title={Missing links: Cleft, Sluicing, and ``\textit{No da}''
                  Construction in {Japanese}},
  author={Hiraiwa, Ken and Ishihara, Shinichiro},
  journal={MIT Working Papers in Linguistics},
  volume={43},
  pages={35--54},
  year={2002}
}

@inproceedings{hong:cha:08,
  title={A New {Korean} Morphological Analyzer using the
                  \textit{Eojeol} Pattern Dictionary},
  author={Jeen-Pyo Hong and Jeong-Won Cha},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the {KCC}08},
  year={2008}
}

@article{hooper:thompson:73,
  title={On the Applicability of Root Transformations},
  author={Joan Hooper and Sandra Thompson},
  journal={Linguistic Inquiry},
  volume={4},
  number={4},
  pages={465--497},
  year={1973}
}

@incollection{horvath:07,
  title={Separating Focus Movement from Focus},
  author={Horvath, Julia},
  booktitle={Phrasal and Clausal Architecture},
  editor={Simin Karimi and Vida Samiian and Wendy K. Wilkins},
  pages={108--145},
  year={2007},
  address={Amsterdam},
  publisher={John Benjamins Publishing Company}
}

@phdthesis{huang:82,
  title={Logical Relations in {Chinese} and the Theory of Grammar},
  author={Huang, C.-T. James},
  year={1982},
  school={Massachusetts Institute of Technology}
}

@article{huang:84,
  title={On the Distribution and Reference of Empty Pronouns},
  author={Huang, C.-T. James},
  journal={Linguistic Inquiry},
  volume={15},
  number={4},
  pages={531--574},
  year={1984}
}

@book{huang:etal:09,
  title={The Syntax of {Chinese}},
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  year={2009},
  address={Cambridge, UK},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press}
}

@article{iatridou:00,
  title={The Grammatical Ingredients of Counterfactuality},
  author={Sabine Iatridou},
  journal={Linguistic Inquiry},
  volume={31},
  number={2},
  pages={231--270},
  year={2000}
}

@phdthesis{iatridou:91,
  title={Topics in Conditionals},
  author={Iatridou, Sabine},
  year={1991},
  school={Massachusetts Institute of Technology}
}

@article{icssever:03,
  title={Information Structure in {Turkish}: the Word Order-Prosody
                  Interface},
  author={İşsever, Sel{\c{c}}uk},
  sortname = {Issever, Selcuk},
  journal={Lingua},
  volume={113},
  number={11},
  pages={1025--1053},
  year={2003}
}

@article{ishihara:01,
   title={Stress, Focus, and Scrambling in {Japanese}},
   author={Ishihara, Shinichiro},
   journal={MIT Working Papers in Linguistics},
   volume={39},
   pages={142--175},
   year={2001}
}

@article{jackendoff:08,
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  author={Jackendoff, Ray S.},
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@article{jacobs:01,
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  number={4},
  pages={641--681},
  year={2001}
}

@book{jacobs:05,
  title={{Y}iddish: A Linguistic Introduction},
  author={Neil G. Jacobs},
  year={2005},
  address={New York, NY},
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@phdthesis{jiang:91,
  title={Some Aspects of the Syntax of Topic and Subject in
                  {Chinese}},
  author={Jiang, Zixin},
  year={1991},
  school={University of Chicago}
}

@article{johansson:01,
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                  Clefts in {English} and {Swedish} Texts and
                  Translations},
  author={Johansson, Mats},
  journal={Linguistics},
  volume={39},
  number={3},
  pages={547--582},
  year={2001},
  publisher={de Gruyter}
}

@incollection{joshi:schabes:97,
  title={Tree-Adjoining Grammars},
  author={Joshi, Aravind K. and Schabes, Yves},
  booktitle={Handbook of Formal Languages},
  pages={69--123},
  year={1997},
  editor={Grzegorz Rozenberg and Arto Salomaa},
  address={Berlin},
  publisher={Springer}
}

@incollection{jun:14,
  title={Focus, Topic, and Contrast},
  author={Young Chul Jun},
  booktitle={The Handbook of {Korean} Linguistics},
  editor={Lucien Brown and Jaehoon Yeon},
  year={forthcoming},
  publisher={Wiley-Blackwell}
}

@article{jun:etal:07,
   author={Jun, Sun-Ah and Hee-Sun Kim and Hyuck-Joon Lee and Jong-Bok
                  Kim},
   title={An Experimental Study on the Effect of Argument Structure
                  on {VP} Focus},
   journal={UCLA Working Papers in Phonetics },
   volume={105},
   pages={66--84},
   year={2007}
}

@inproceedings{jun:lee:98,
   author={Jun, Sun-Ah and Hyuck-Joon Lee},
   title={The Phonetics and Phonology of {Korean} Prosody in {Korean}},
   booktitle={International Conference on Spoken Language Processing},
   address={Sydney, Australia},
   pages={1295--1298},
   year={1998}
}

@book{kadmon:01,
  title={Formal Pragmatics},
  author={Kadmon, Nirit},
  year={2001},
  address={Malden, MA},
  publisher={Blackwell Publisher Inc.}
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@phdthesis{kahnemuyipour:04,
  title={The Syntax of Sentential Stress},
  author={Kahnemuyipour, Arsalan},
  year={2004},
  school={University of Toronto}
}

@incollection{kaiser:09,
  title={Investigating Effects of Structural and
                  Information-structural Factors on Pronoun
                  Resolution},
  author={Kaiser, Elsi},
  booktitle={Information Structure: Theoretical, Typological, and
                  Experimental Perspectives},
  editor={Malte Zimmermann and Caroline F\'{e}ry},
  address = {Oxford, UK},
  publisher={Oxford University Press},
  pages={332--354},
  year={2009}
}

@book{kamp:reyle:93,
  title={From Discourse to Logic},
  author={Hans Kamp and Uwe Reyle},
  year={1993},
  address={London},
  publisher={Kluwer Academic Publishers}
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@inproceedings{karvovskaya:11,
  title={Focus Particles in Endangered Languages},
  author={Lena Karvovskaya},
  booktitle={Proceedings of Conference on Language Documentation and
                  Linguistic Theory 3},
  address={School of Oriental and African Studies, London},
  year={2011}
}

@book{kayne:94,
  title={The Antisymmetry of Syntax},
  author={Kayne, Richard S.},
  year={1994},
  address={Cambridge, MA},
  publisher={The MIT Press}
}

@book{kiefer:67,
   author={Ferenc Kiefer},
   title={On Emphasis and Word Order in {Hungarian}},
   publisher={Indiana University Press},
   address={Bloomington},
   year={1967}
}

@incollection{kihm:99,
  title={Focus in {W}olof},
  author={Kihm, Alain},
  booktitle={The Grammar of Focus},
  editor={Georges Rebuschi and Laurice Tuller},
  pages={245--273},
  year={1999},
  publisher={John Benjamins Publishing Company}
}

@article{kim:07,
  title={Syntax and Semantics of {English} It-Cleft Constructions: A
                  Constraint-Based Analysis},
  author={Jong-Bok Kim},
  journal={Studies in Modern Grammar},
  volume={48},
  pages={217--235},
  year={2007}
}

@article{kim:11,
  title={An Empirical Study of Postposing Constructions in {Korean}},
  author={Kim, Taeho},
  journal={Linguistic Research},
  volume={28},
  number={1},
  pages={223--238},
  year={2011}
}

@inproceedings{kim:11b,
  title = {Floating Numeral Classifiers in {Korean}: A
                  Thematic-Structure Perspective},
  author = {Jong-Bok Kim},
  pages = {302--313},
  editor = {Stefan Müller},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on
                  {H}ead-Driven {P}hrase {S}tructure {G}rammar},
  address = {Stanford, CA},
  publisher = {CSLI Publications},
  year = {2011}
}

@article{kim:12a,
  title={On the Syntax of the It-Cleft Construction: A
                  Construction-based Perspective},
  author={Jong-Bok Kim},
  journal={Linguistic Research},
  volume={29},
  number={1},
  pages={45--68},
  year={2012},
  publisher={Kyung Hee University}
}

@article{kim:12b,
  title={How is `Contrast' Imposed on -\textit{Nun}?},
  author={Kim, Jieun},
  journal={Language and Information},
  volume={16},
  number={1},
  pages={1--24},
  year={2012}
}

@article{kim:etal:06,
 author={Jong-Bok Kim and Peter Sells and Jaehyung Yang},
 title={A Computational Implementation of Internally Headed Relative
                  Clause Constructions},
 journal={Lecture Notes in Artifical Intelligence},
 volume={4139},
 pages={24--31},
 year={2006}
}

@article{kim:etal:11,
  title={Deep Processing of {Korean} and the Development of the {Korean}
                  Resource Grammar},
  author={Jong-Bok Kim and Jaehyung Yang and Sanghoun Song and Francis
                  Bond},
  journal={Linguistic Research},
  volume={28},
  number={3},
  pages={635--672},
  year={2011}
}

@incollection{kim:park:00,
   author={Jong-Bok Kim and Byung-Soo Park},
   title={Grammatical Interfaces in {Korean} Relatives},
   booktitle={Grammatical Interfaces in {HPSG}},
   editor={Ronnie Cann and Claire Grover and Philip Miller},
   publisher={CSLI Publications},
   address={Stanford, CA},
   pages={153--168},
   year={2000}
}

@inproceedings{kim:sells:07,
  title = {Two Types of Multiple Nominative Construction: A
                  Constructional Approach},
  author = {Jong-Bok Kim and Peter Sells},
  pages = {364--372},
  editor = {Stefan Müller},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on
                  {H}ead-Driven {P}hrase {S}tructure {G}rammar},
  address = {Stanford, CA},
  publisher = {CSLI Publications},
  year = {2007}
}

@book{kim:sells:08,
  title={{English} Syntax: An Introduction},
  author={Kim, Jong-Bok and Sells, Peter},
  year={2008},
  address={Stanford, CA},
  publisher={CSLI publications}
}

@article{kim:yang:04,
 author={Kim, Jong-Bok and Yang, Jaehyung},
 title={Projections from Morphology to Syntax in the {K}orean
                  {R}esource {G}rammar: Implementing Typed Feature
                  Structures},
 journal={Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
 volume={2945},
 pages={13--24},
 year={2004}
}

@article{kim:yang:09,
  title={Processing Three Types of {Korean} Cleft Constructions in a
                  Typed Feature Structure Grammar},
  author={Kim, Jong-Bok and Jaehyung Yang},
  journal={{Korean} Journal of Cognitive Science},
  volume={20},
  number={1},
  pages={1--28},
  year={2009}
}

@book{king:95,
  title={Configuring Topic and Focus in {Russian}},
  author={Tracy Holloway King},
  year={1995},
  address={Stanford, CA},
  publisher={CSLI publications}
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@inproceedings{king:97,
  title={Focus Domains and Information-Structure},
  author={Tracy Holloway King},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the {LFG}97 Conference},
  year={1997},
  editor = {Butt Miriam and Tracy Holloway King},
  address = {University of California, San Diego}
}

@inproceedings{king:zaenen:04,
  title={F-structures, Information Structure, and Discourse
                  Structure},
  author={King, Tracy Holloway and Zaenen, Annie},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the {LFG}04 Conference},
  year={2004},
  editor = {Butt Miriam and Tracy Holloway King},
  address = {University of Canterbury, New Zealand}
}

@article{kiparsky:05,
  title={Blocking and Periphrasis in Inflectional Paradigms},
  author={Kiparsky, Paul},
  journal={Yearbook of Morphology 2004},
  pages={113--135},
  year={2005},
  publisher={Springer}
}

@article{kiss:98,
  title={Identificational Focus versus Information Focus},
  author={É. Kiss, Katalin},
  journal={Language},
  volume={74},
  number={2},
  pages={245--273},
  year={1998}
}

@incollection{kiss:99,
  title={The {English} Cleft Construction as a Focus Phrase},
  author={\'{E}. Kiss, Katalin},
  booktitle={Boundaries of Morphology and Syntax},
  editor={Lunella Mereu},
  pages={217--229},
  year={1999},
  publisher={John Benjamins Publishing Company},
  address={Amsterdam}
}

@book{kizu:05,
  title={Cleft Constructions in {Japanese} Syntax},
  author={Kizu, Mika},
  year={2005},
  address={New York, NY},
  publisher={Palgrave Macmillan}
}

@incollection{klein:00,
   author={Klein, Ewan},
   title={Prosodic Constituency in {HPSG}},
   booktitle={Grammatical Interfaces in {HPSG}},
   editor={Ronnie Cann and Claire Grover and Philip Miller},
   publisher={CSLI Publications},
   address={Stanford, CA},
   pages={169--200},
   year={2000}
}

@inproceedings{ko:08,
  title = {{Korean} Postpositions as Weak Syntactic Heads},
  author = {Kil Soo Ko},
  pages = {131--151},
  editor = {Stefan Müller},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on
                  {H}ead-Driven {P}hrase {S}tructure {G}rammar},
  address = {Stanford, CA},
  publisher = {CSLI Publications},
  year = {2008}
}

@inproceedings{koehn:05,
  title={Europarl: A Parallel Corpus for Statistical Machine
                  Translation},
  author={Koehn, Philipp},
  booktitle={MT summit},
  address = {Phuket, Thailand},
  year={2005}
}

@phdthesis{komagata:99,
  title={A Computational Analysis of Information Structure Using
                  Parallel Expository Texts in {English} and {Japanese}},
  author={Nobo N. Komagata},
  year={1999},
  school={University of Pennsylvania}
}

@inproceedings{kong:ng:13,
  author    = {Fang Kong and Hwee Tou Ng},
  title     = {Exploiting Zero Pronouns to Improve {Chinese}
                  Coreference Resolution},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2013 Conference on Empirical Methods
                  in Natural Language Processing},
  year      = {2013},
  address   = {Seattle, WA, USA},
  publisher = {{Association for Computational Linguistics}},
  pages     = {278--288}
}

@incollection{kratzer:95,
  title={Stage-level and Individual-level Predicates},
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  pages={125--175},
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  address={Chicago},
  publisher={University of Chicago Press}
}

@techreport{krieger:schafer:94,
  title={{TDL} - a Type Description Language for {HPSG}},
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  institution={Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Künstliche
                  Intelligenz GmbH (RR-94-37)}
}

@article{krifka:08,
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  volume={55},
  number={3},
  pages={243--276},
  year={2008},
  publisher={Akadémiai Kiad{\'o}}
}

@incollection{krifka:92,
  title={A Compositional Semantics for Multiple Focus
                  Constructions},
  author={Krifka, Manfred},
  year={1992},
  editor = {Joachim Jacobs},
  booktitle = {Informationsstruktur und Grammatik},
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  address = {Opladen},
  publisher={Westdeutscher Verlag}
}

@book{kroeger:04,
  title={Analyzing Syntax: a Lexical-Functional Approach},
  author={Paul R. Kroeger},
  year={2004},
  address = {Cambridge, UK},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press}
}

@article{kugler:etal:07,
  title={Encoding Information Structure in {Yucatec Maya}: on the
                  Interplay of Prosody and Syntax},
  author={Kügler, Frank and Skopeteas, Stavros and Verhoeven,
                  Elisabeth},
  journal={Interdisciplinary Studies on Information Structure},
  volume={8},
  pages={187--208},
  year={2007}
}

@inproceedings{kuhn:96,
  title={An Underspecified {HPSG} Representation for Information
                  Structure},
  author={Kuhn, Jonas},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 16th conference on Computational
                  Linguistics},
  volume={2},
  pages={670--675},
  year={1996},
  organization={{Association for Computational Linguistics}}
}

@book{kuno:73,
  title={The Structure of the {Japanese} Language},
  author={Susumu Kuno},
  year={1973},
  address={Cambridge, MA},
  publisher={The MIT Press}
}

@incollection{kuno:76,
   author={Susumu Kuno},
   title={Subject, Theme and Speaker's Empathy: A Reexamination of
                  Relativization Phenomena},
   booktitle={Subject and Topic},
   editor={Charles N. Li},
   publisher={Academic Press},
   address={New York, NY},
   pages={417--444},
   year={1976}
}

@article{kuroda:72,
  title={The Categorical and the Thetic Judgment: Evidence from
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  author={S.-Y. Kuroda},
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  number={2},
  pages={153--185},
  year={1972}
}

@book{ladd:08,
  title={Intonational Phonology},
  author={Ladd, D Robert},
  year={2008},
  address={Cambridge, UK},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press}
}

@article{lambrecht:01,
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  journal={Linguistics},
  volume={39},
  number={3},
  pages={463--516},
  year={2001}
}

@phdthesis{lambrecht:86,
  title={Topic, Focus, and the Grammar of Spoken {French}},
  author={Lambrecht, Knud},
  year={1986},
  school={University of California, Berkeley}
}

@book{lambrecht:96,
  title={Information Structure and Sentence Form: Topic, Focus, and
                  the Mental Representations of Discourse Referents},
  author={Lambrecht, Knud},
  year={1996},
  address={Cambridge, UK},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press}
}

@inproceedings{lasersohn:96,
  title={Adnominal Conditionals},
  author={Lasersohn, Peter},
  booktitle={Proceedings of Semantics and Linguistic Theory 6},
  pages={154--166},
  year={1996}
}

@book{lasnik:saito:94,
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  author={Lasnik, Howard and Saito, Mamoru},
  year={1994},
  address={Cambridge, MA},
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}

@article{law:03,
  title={Right Dislocation in {Cantonese} as a Focus-Marking Device},
  author={Law, Ann},
  year={2003},
  volume={15},
  pages={243--275},
  journal={UCL Working Papers in Linguistics}
}

@incollection{lecarme:99,
   title={Focus in {S}omali},
   author={Lecarme, Jacqueline},
   booktitle={The Grammar of Focus},
   editor={Georges Rebuschi and Laurice Tuller},
   publisher={John Benjamins Publishing Company},
   address={Amsterdam},
   pages={1--22},
   year={1999}
}

@article{lee:03a,
  title={Contrastive Topic and/or Contrastive Focus},
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  journal={{Japanese}/{Korean} Linguistics},
  volume={12},
  pages={352--364},
  year={2003a}
}

@incollection{lee:03b,
  title={Contrastive Topic and Proposition Structure},
  author={Lee, Chungmin},
  booktitle={Asymmetry in Grammar: Syntax and Semantics},
  editor={Anna Maria Di Sciullo},
  publisher={John Benjamins Publishing Company},
  address={Amsterdam},
  pages={345--372},
  year={2003b}
}

@phdthesis{lee:04,
  title={The Syntax and Semantics of Focus Particles},
  author={Lee, Youngjoo},
  year={2004},
  school={Massachusetts Institute of Technology}
}

@incollection{lee:07,
   author={Lee, Chungmin},
   title={Contrastive (Predicate) Topic, Intonation, and Scalar
                  Meanings},
   booktitle={Topic and Focus: Cross-Linguistic Perspectives on
                  Meaning and Intonation},
   editor={Chungmin Lee and Matthew Gordon and Daniel Büring},
   publisher={Kluwer Academic Publishers},
   address={Dordrecht},
   pages={151--175},
   year={2007}
}

@book{levin:93,
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  author={Levin, Beth},
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@book{levin:hovav:05,
  title={Argument Realization},
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  year={2005},
  address={Cambridge, UK},
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}

@phdthesis{li:09,
   author={Li, Kening},
   title={The Information Structure of {Mandarin Chinese}: Syntax and
                  Prosody},
   school={University of Washington},
   year={2009}
}

@incollection{li:thompson:76,
  title={Subject and Topic: A New Typology of Language},
  author={Li, Charles N. and Sandra Thompson},
  booktitle={Subject and Topic},
  editor={Charles N. Li},
  publisher={Academic Press},
  address={New York, NY},
  pages={457--490},
  year={1976}
}

@article{lim:12,
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                  Relations [In {Korean}]},
  author={Lim, Dong-Hoon},
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  volume={64},
  pages={217--271},
  year={2012}
}

@book{lopez:09,
  title={A Derivational Syntax for Information Structure},
  author={L{\'o}pez, Luis},
  year={2009},
  address={Oxford, UK},
  publisher={Oxford University Press}
}

@book{macwhinney:00,
  title={The {CHILDES} Project: Tools for Analyzing Talk},
  author={MacWhinney, Brian},
  year={2000},
  address={Mahwah, NJ},
  publisher={Lawrence Erlbaum Associates}
}

@article{maki:etal:99,
  title={Embedded Topicalization in {English} and {Japanese}},
  author={Maki, Hideki and Kaiser, Lizanne and Ochi, Masao},
  journal={Lingua},
  volume={109},
  number={1},
  pages={1--14},
  year={1999}
}

@mastersthesis{man:07,
  title={{TOPIC} and {FOCUS} in {Cantonese}: An {OT}-{LFG} Account},
  author={Fung Suet Man},
  school={University of Hong Kong},
  year={2007}
}

@book{manandise:88,
  title={Evidence from {Basque} for a New Theory of Grammar},
  author={Manandise, Esméralda},
  year={1988},
  address={New York, NY},
  publisher={Garland}
}

@article{marimon:12,
  title={The {Spanish DELPH-IN} Grammar},
  author={Marimon, Montserrat},
  journal={Language Resources and Evaluation},
  volume={47},
  number={2},
  pages={371--397},
  year={2012},
  publisher={Springer}
}

@inproceedings{marimon:etal:07,
  title={The {Spanish} Resource Grammar: pre-processing strategy and
                  lexical acquisition},
  author={Montserrat Marimon and N\'{u}ria Bel and Sergio Espeja and
                  Natalia Seghezzi},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the Workshop on Deep Linguistic
                  Processing},
  pages={105--111},
  year={2007},
  organization={{Association for Computational Linguistics}}
}

@inproceedings{matsui:99,
  title={Approaches to {Japanese} Zero Pronouns: Centering and
                  Relevance},
  author={Matsui, Tomoko},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the Workshop on the Relation of
                  Discourse/Dialogue Structure and Reference},
  pages={11--20},
  year={1999}
}

@techreport{matsumoto:etal:99,
  title={{Japanese} Morphological Analysis System {ChaSen} version 2.0
                  Manual},
  author={Yuji Matsumoto and Akira Kitauchi and Tatsuo Yamashita and
                  Yoshitaka Hirano},
  institution={NAIST (NAIST-ISTR99009)},
  year={1999}
}

@article{mccoy:03,
  title={Connecting Information Structure and Discourse Structure
                  through ``{K}ontrast'': The Case of Colloquial {Russian}
                  Particles-{TO, \v{Z}E, and VED'}},
  author={McCoy, Svetlana},
  journal={Journal of Logic, Language and Information},
  volume={12},
  number={3},
  pages={319--335},
  year={2003}
}

@unpublished{megerdoomian:11,
   author={Karine Megerdoomian},
   title={Focus and the Auxiliary in {Eastern Armenian}},
   year={2011},
   note={Talk presented at the 37th Annual Meeting of the Berkeley
                  Linguistics Society (BLS), Special session on
                  Languages of the Caucasus}
}

@inproceedings{mendez:slabakova:11,
  title={Pragmatic Consequences of P-movement and Focus Fronting in
                  L2 {Spanish}: Unraveling the Syntax-Discourse
                  Interface},
  author={Méndez, Tania Leal and Slabakova, Roumyana},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 11th Generative Approaches to Second
                  Language Acquisition Conference (GASLA 2011)},
  address={University of Washington},
  year={2011}
}

@incollection{mereu:09,
  title={Universals of Information Structure},
  author={Mereu, Lunella},
  booktitle={Information Structure and its Interfaces},
  editor={Lunella Mereu},
  publisher={Mouton de Gruyter},
  address={Berlin/New York},
  pages={75--104},
  year={2009}
}

@article{miller:sag:97,
  title={{French} Clitic Movement without Clitics or Movement},
  author={Philip H. Miller and Ivan A. Sag},
  journal={Natural Language \& Linguistic Theory},
  volume={15},
  number={3},
  pages={573--639},
  year={1997},
  publisher={Springer}
}

@article{mitkov:99,
  title={Multilingual Anaphora Resolution},
  author={Ruslan Mitkov},
  journal={Machine Translation},
  volume={14},
  number={3},
  pages={281--299},
  year={1999}
}

@inproceedings{mitkov:etal:95,
  title={Anaphora Resolution in Machine Translation},
  author={Mitkov, Ruslan and Choi, Sung-Kwon and Sharp, Randall},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 6th International conference on
                  Theoretical and Methodological issues in Machine
                  Translation},
  year={1995}
}

@article{miyao:tsujii:08,
  title={Feature Forest Models for Probabilistic {HPSG} Parsing},
  author={Miyao, Yusuke and Tsujii, Jun'ichi},
  journal={Computational Linguistics},
  volume={34},
  number={1},
  pages={35--80},
  year={2008}
}

@inproceedings{moeljadi:15,
  author = {Moeljadi, David and Francis Bond and Sanghoun Song},
  title = {Building an {HPSG}-based Indonesian Resource Grammar ({INDRA})},
  booktitle = {Grammar Engineering Across Frameworks 2015 (in
                  conjunction with {ACL} 2015)},
  year = {2015},
  address = {Beijing, China},
  pages = {26--31}
}

@incollection{molnar:02,
  author={Moln{\'a}r, Valéria},
  title={Contrast -- From a Contrastive Perspective},
  booktitle={Information Structure in a Cross-Linguistic Perspective},
  editor={H. Hasselgrd and S. Johansson and B. Behrens and
                  C. Fabricius-Hansen},
  year={2002},
  address={Amsterdam, Netherland},
  pages={147--162},
  publisher={Rodopi}
}

@book{montgomery:08,
  title={A Reference Grammar of {Oklahoma Cherokee}},
  author={Montgomery-Anderson, Brad},
  year={2008},
  address={Ann Arbor, MI},
  publisher={ProQuest LLC}
}

@article{nagaya:07,
  title={Information Structure and Constituent Order in {T}agalog},
  author={Nagaya, Naonori},
  journal={Language and Linguistics},
  volume={8},
  pages={343--372},
  year={2007}
}

@inproceedings{nakaiwa:shirai:96,
  title={Anaphora Resolution of {Japanese} Zero Pronouns with Deictic
                  Reference},
  author={Nakaiwa, Hiromi and Shirai, Satoshi},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 16th Conference on Computational
                  Linguistics},
  pages={812--817},
  year={1996},
  organization={{Association for Computational Linguistics}}
}

@incollection{nakanishi:07,
  title={Prosody and Information Structure in {Japanese}: A Case Study
                  of topic Marker wa},
  author={Nakanishi, Kimiko},
  booktitle={Topic and Focus: Cross-Linguistic Perspectives on
                 Meaning and Intonation},
  editor={Chungmin Lee and Matthew Gordon and Daniel Büring},
  publisher={Kluwer Academic Publishers},
  address={Dordrecht},
  pages={177--193},
  year={2007}
}

@article{neeleman:titov:09,
   author={Neeleman, Ad and Elena Titov},
   title={Focus, Contrast, and Stress in {Russian}},
   journal={Linguistic Inquiry},
   volume={40},
   number={3},
   pages={514--524},
   year={2009}
}

@book{nelson:etal:02,
  title={Exploring Natural Language: Working with the {British}
                  Component of the International Corpus of {English}},
  author={Nelson, Gerald and Wallis, Sean and Aarts, Bas},
  year={2002},
  address={Philadelphia},
  publisher={John Benjamins Publishing Company}
}

@phdthesis{nguyen:06,
  title={Contrastive Topic in {Vietnamese}: with Reference to {Korean}},
  author={Nguyen, Hoai Thu Ba},
  school={Seoul National University},
  year={2006}
}

@book{nichols:11,
  title={{I}ngush Grammar},
  author={Nichols, Johanna},
  year={2011},
  address={Berkeley, CA},
  publisher={University of California Press}
}

@article{nichols:etal:10,
  title={Paraphrasing Training Data for Statistical Machine
                  Translation},
  author={Eric Nichols and Francis Bond and Darren Scott Appling and
                  Yuji Matsumoto},
  journal={Journal of Natural Language Processing},
  volume={17},
  number={3},
  pages={101--122},
  year={2010}
}

@phdthesis{ning:93,
  title={The Overt Syntax of Relativization and Topicalization in {Chinese}},
  author={Ning, Chunyan},
  year={1993},
  school={University of California, Irvine}
}

@article{och:ney:03,
  title={A Systematic Comparison of Various Statistical Alignment
                  Models},
  author={Franz Josef Och and Hermann Ney},
  journal={Computational Linguistics},
  volume={29},
  number={1},
  pages={19--51},
  year={2003},
  publisher={The MIT Press}
}

@techreport{oepen:01,
  author = {Stephan Oepen},
  title = {{\sf \lbrack incr tsdb()\rbrack} ---
            Competence and Performance Laboratory. {U}ser Manual},
  institution = {Computational Linguistics, Saarland University},
  year = {2001}
}

@article{oepen:etal:04,
  title={{LinGO Redwoods}: A Rich and Dynamic Treebank for {HPSG}},
  author={Oepen, Stephan and Dan Flickinger and Kristina Toutanova and
                  Christoper D. Manning},
  journal={Research on Language \& Computation},
  volume={2},
  number={4},
  pages={575--596},
  year={2004}
}

@inproceedings{oepen:etal:07,
  title={Towards Hybrid Quality-Oriented Machine Translation -- On
                  Linguistics and Probabilities in {MT}},
  author={Oepen, Stephan and Velldal, Erik and L{\o}nning, Jan T. and
                  Meurer, Paul and Rosén, Victoria and Flickinger,
                  Dan},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on
                  Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine
                  Translation},
  address={Sk{\"o}vde, Sweden},
  year={2007}
}

@inproceedings{ohtani:matsumoto:04,
  title={{Japanese} Subjects and Information Structure: A
                  Constraint-based Approach},
  author={Akira Ohtani and Yuji Matsumoto},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 18th {Pacific Asia Conference on
                  Language, Information and Computation}},
  pages={93--104},
  address={Tokyo, Japan},
  year={2004}
}

@inproceedings{osenova:11,
  author = {Petya Osenova},
  title = {Localizing a Core {HPSG}-based Grammar for {Bulgarian}},
  editor = {Hanna Hedeland and Thomas Schmidt and Kai Worner},
  booktitle = {Multilingual Resources and Multilingual Applications,
                  Proceedings of German Society for Computational
                  Linguistics and Language Technology ({GSCL})},
  address = {Hamburg}, 
  year = {2011},
  pages = {175--180}
}

@inproceedings{oshima:08,
  title={Morphological \textit{vs}. Phonological Contrastive Topic Marking},
  author={Oshima, David Y.},
  booktitle={Proceedings of Chicago Linguistic Society ({CLS}) 41},
  pages={371--383},
  year={2008}
}

@inproceedings{oshima:09,
  title={On the So-Called Thematic Use of \textit{Wa}: Reconsideration and
                  Reconciliation},
  author={Oshima, David Y.},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 23rd {Pacific Asia Conference on
                  Language, Information and Computation}},
  pages={405--414},
  address={City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong},
  year={2009}
}

@incollection{ouhalla:99,
  title={Focus and {Arabic} Clefts},
  author={Ouhalla, Jamal},
  booktitle={The Grammar of Focus},
  editor={Georges Rebuschi and Laurice Tuller},
  publisher={John Benjamins Publishing Company},
  address={Amsterdam},
  pages={335--359},
  year={1999}
}

@article{paggio:09,
  title={The Information Structure of {Danish} Grammar
                  Constructions},
  author={Paggio, Patrizia},
  journal={Nordic Journal of Linguistics},
  volume={32},
  number={01},
  pages={137--164},
  year={2009},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press}
}

@incollection{paggio:12,
  title={Towards an Empirically-based Grammar of Speech and Gestures},
  author={Paggio, Patrizia},
  booktitle={Prosody and Embodiment in Interactional Grammar},
  editor={Pia Bergmann and Jana Brenning and Martin Pfeiffer and
                  Elisabeth Reber},
  pages={281--314},
  year={2012},
  address={Berlin/Boston},
  publisher={De Gruyter}
}

@phdthesis{paggio:96,
  title={The Treatment of Information Structure in Machine
                  Translation},
  author={Paggio, Patrizia},
  year={1996},
  school={University of Copenhagen }
}

@book{pakhalina:59,
   author={Pakhalina, Tatayana},
   title={Ishkashimskij jazyk [{I}shkashim Language]},
   address={Moscow},
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@inproceedings{papineni:etal:02,
  title={{BLEU}: a Method for Automatic Evaluation of Machine
                  Translation},
  author={Kishore Papineni and Salim Roukos and Todd Ward and Wei-Jing
                  Zhu},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 40th Annual Meeting on Association for
                  Computational Linguistics},
  pages={311--318},
  year={2002}
}

@article{park:08,
  title={{Korean} Double Nominative Constructions},
  author={Hyun-A Park},
  journal={KLing},
  volume={2},
  year={2008},
  pages={161--173}
}

@article{partee:91,
  title={Topic, Focus and Quantification},
  author={Partee, Barbara H.},
  journal={Cornell Working Papers in Linguistics},
  volume={10},
  pages={159--187},
  year={1991}
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@incollection{partee:99,
  title={Focus, Quantification, and Semantics-Pragmatics Issues},
  author={Partee, Barbara H.},
  booktitle={Focus: Linguistic, Cognitive, and Computational
                   Perspectives},
  editor={Peter Bosch and Rob van der Sandt},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge, UK},
  pages={213--231},
  year={1999}
}

@article{paul:whitman:08,
  title={\textit{Shi ... de} Focus Clefts in {Mandarin Chinese}},
  author={Paul, Waltraud and Whitman, John},
  journal={The Linguistic Review},
  volume={25},
  number={3-4},
  pages={413--451},
  year={2008},
  publisher={Walter de Gruyter GmbH \& Co. KG}
}

@article{pedersen:08,
  title={Empiricism is Not a Matter of Faith},
  author={Pedersen, Ted},
  journal={Computational Linguistics},
  volume={34},
  number={3},
  pages={465--470},
  year={2008},
  publisher={The MIT Press}
}

@phdthesis{petronio:93,
  title={Clause Structure in {American Sign Language}},
  author={Petronio, Karen},
  school={University of Washington},
  year={1993}
}

@book{pollard:sag:87,
  author = {Carl Pollard and Ivan A. Sag},
  title = {Information-Based Syntax and Semantics},
  year = {1987},
  publisher = {CSLI Publications},
  address = {Stanford, CA}
}

@book{pollard:sag:94,
  author = {Carl Pollard and Ivan A. Sag},
  title = {{H}ead-{D}riven {P}hrase {S}tructure {G}rammar},
  year = {1994},
  publisher = {The University of Chicago Press},
  address = {Chicago, IL}
}

@article{portner:yabushita:98,
  title={The Semantics and Pragmatics of Topic Phrases},
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  journal={Linguistics and Philosophy},
  volume={21},
  number={2},
  pages={117--157},
  year={1998}
}

@article{poulson:11,
  title={Meta-modeling of Tense and Aspect in a Cross-linguistic
                  Grammar Engineering Platform},
  author={Poulson, Laurie},
  journal={UW Working Papers in Linguistics},
  volume={28},
  year={2011}
}

@mastersthesis{pozen:13,
  title={Using Lexical and Compositional Semantics to Improve {HPSG}
                  Parse Selection},
  author={Zinaida Pozen},
  school={University of Washington},
  year={2013}
}

@book{press:86,
  title={A Grammar of {Modern Breton}},
  author={Press, Ian J},
  year={1986},
  address={Berlin/New York/Amsterdam},
  publisher={Mouton de Gruyter}
}

@article{prince:12,
  title={Predication and Information Structure in {Mandarin Chinese}},
  author={{von Prince}, Kilu},
  journal={Journal of East Asian Linguistics},
  volume={21},
  number={4},
  pages={329--366},
  year={2012},
  publisher={Springer}
}

@incollection{prince:81,
  title={Toward a Taxonomy of Given-New Information},
  author={Prince, Ellen F.},
  editor={Peter Cole},
  booktitle={Radical pragmatics},
  year={1981},
  pages={223--256},
  address={New York, NY},
  publisher={Academic Press}
}

@article{prince:84,
  title={Topicalization and Left-Dislocation: A Functional
                  Analysis},
  author={Prince, Ellen F.},
  journal={Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences},
  volume={433},
  number={1},
  pages={213--225},
  year={1984},
  publisher={Wiley Online Library}
}

@book{quirk:etal:85,
  title={A Comprehensive Grammar of the {English} Language},
  author={Randolph Quirk and Sidney Greenbaum and Geoffrey Leech and
                  Jan Svartvik},
  year={1985},
  address={London/New York},
  publisher={Longman}
}

@incollection{ramsay:87,
  title={The Functional Distribution of Preposed and Postposed `if'
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  year={1987},
  editor={Russell S. Tomlin},
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  publisher={John Benjamins}
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@incollection{rebuschi:tuller:99,
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  pages={1--22},
  year={1999},
  publisher={John Benjamins Publishing Company}
}

@article{reinhart:81,
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@article{reinhart:95,
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@article{rivero:80,
  title={On Left-dislocation and Topicalization in {Spanish}},
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  number={2},
  pages={363--393},
  year={1980},
  publisher={JSTOR}
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@incollection{rizzi:97,
   author={Rizzi, Luigi},
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   publisher={Kluwer Academic Publishers},
   address={Dordrecht},
   pages={281--337},
   year={1997}
}

@incollection{roberts:11,
   title={Topics},
   author={Craige Roberts},
   booktitle={Semantics: An International Handbook of Natural Language
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   volume={2},
   editor={Claudia Maienborn and Klaus von Heusinger and Paul
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   pages={1908--1934},
   year={2011}
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@book{rochemont:86,
   author={Rochemont, Michael S.},
   title={Focus in Generative Grammar},
   publisher={John Benjamins Publishing Company},
   address={Amsterdam},
   year={1986}
}

@mastersthesis{rodionova:01,
  title={Word Order and Information Structure in {Russian} Syntax},
  author={Rodionova, Elena V.},
  year={2001},
  school={University of North Dakota}
}

@inproceedings{roh:lee:03,
  title={An Empirical Study for Generating Zero Pronoun in {Korean}
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  author={Roh, Ji-Eun and Lee, Jong-Hyeok},
  booktitle={Proceedings of Australasian Language Technology
                  Association},
  pages={90--97},
  year={2003}
}

@phdthesis{rooth:85,
  title={Association with Focus},
  author={Rooth, Mats},
  year={1985},
  school={University of Massachusetts, Amherst}
}

@article{rooth:92,
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  pages={75--116},
  year={1992}
}

@article{sag:97,
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  author={Sag, Ivan A},
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  pages={431--483},
  year={1997}
}

@book{sag:etal:03,
  title={Syntactic Theory: A Formal Introduction},
  author={Sag, Ivan A. and Wasow, Thomas and and Bender, Emily M.},
  year={2003},
  address={Stanford, CA},
  publisher={CSLI Publications}
}

@mastersthesis{saleem:10,
  title={Argument Optionality: A New Library for the {Grammar Matrix}
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  author={Saleem, Safiyyah},
  year={2010},
  school={University of Washington},
}

@inproceedings{saleem:bender:10,
  author = {Saleem, Safiyyah and Bender, Emily M.},
  title = {Argument Optionality in the {LinGO Grammar Matrix}},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on
                  Computational Linguistics: Posters},
  month = {August},
  year = {2010},
  address = {Beijing, China},
  publisher = {Coling 2010 Organizing Committee},
  pages = {1068--1076}
}

@article{samek:06,
  title={When Right Dislocation Meets the Left-Periphery.: A Unified
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  author={Vieri Samek-Lodovici},
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  number={6},
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  year={2006}
}

@inproceedings{sato:tam:12,
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                  {Japanese}},
  author = {Yo Sato and Wai Lok Tam},
  pages = {442--452},
  editor = {Stefan Müller},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on
                  {H}ead-Driven {P}hrase {S}tructure {G}rammar},
  address = {Stanford, CA},
  publisher = {CSLI Publications},
  year = {2012}
}

@book{saussure:31,
  title={Grundfragen der allgemeinen Sprachwissenschaft},
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}

@article{schachter:73,
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  number={1},
  pages={19--46},
  year={1973}
}

@article{schafer:etal:96,
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  year={1996}
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@inproceedings{schmid:94,
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  address={Manchester, UK},
  year={1994}
}

@inproceedings{schmid:95,
  title={Improvements in Part-of-Speech Tagging with an Application
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  author={Helmut Schmid},
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  address={Dublin, Ireland},
  year={1995}
}

@article{schneider:09,
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  journal={Oceanic Linguistics},
  volume={48},
  number={1},
  pages={1--35},
  year={2009},
  publisher={University of Hawai'i Press}
}

@article{searle:76,
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@book{selkirk:84,
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@incollection{selkirk:95,
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  year={1995},
  editor = {John A. Goldsmith},
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}

@article{shi:00,
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  year={2000},
  publisher={JSTOR}
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@inproceedings{siegel:99,
  author={Siegel, Melanie},
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  editor={Wang, Jhing-Fa and Wu, Chung-Hsien},
  year={1999},
  pages={313--320}
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@inproceedings{siegel:bender:02,
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  author={Siegel, Melanie and Emily M. Bender},
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                  Resources and International Standardization},
  address={Taipei, Taiwan},
  year={2002}
}

@incollection{siewierska:08,
  title = {Passive Constructions},
  author = {Siewierska, Anna},
  year = {2008},
  editor = {Haspelmath, Martin and Dryer, Matthew S. and Gil, David
                  and Comrie, Bernard},
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  address = {Munich},
  publisher = {Max Planck Digital Library}
}

@article{skopeteas:fanselow:10,
  title={Focus in {Georgian} and the Expression of Contrast},
  author={Stavros Skopeteas and Gisbert Fanselow},
  journal={Lingua},
  volume={120},
  number={6},
  pages={1370--1391},
  year={2010},
  publisher={Elsevier}
}

@mastersthesis{slayden:12,
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  author={Slayden, Glenn C.},
  school={University of Washington},
  year={2012}
}

@book{sohn:01,
  title={The {Korean} Language},
  author={Sohn, Ho-Min},
  year={2001},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge, UK}
}

@phdthesis{song:14,
   author={Song, Sanghoun},
   title={A Grammar Library for Information Structure},
   school={University of Washington},
   year={2014}
}

@inproceedings{song:bender:11,
  title = {Using Information Structure to Improve Transfer-based
                  {MT}},
  author = {Song, Sanghoun and Bender, Emily M.},
  pages = {348--368},
  editor = {Stefan Müller},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on
                  {H}ead-Driven {P}hrase {S}tructure {G}rammar},
  address = {Stanford, CA},
  publisher = {CSLI Publications},
  year = {2011}
}

@inproceedings{song:bender:12,
  title = {Individual Constraints for Information Structure},
  author = {Song, Sanghoun and Bender, Emily M.},
  pages = {329--347},
  editor = {Stefan Müller},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on
                  {H}ead-Driven {P}hrase {S}tructure {G}rammar},
  address = {Stanford, CA},
  publisher = {CSLI Publications},
  year = {2012}
}

@article{song:bond:09,
  title={Checking the Feasibility of the Sejong Bilingual Corpus for
                  Statistical Machine Translation},
  author={Sanghoun Song and Francis Bond},
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  volume={46},
  pages={53--84},
  year={2009}
}

@inproceedings{song:etal:10,
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  author={Song, Sanghoun and Kim, Jong-Bok and Bond, Francis and Yang,
                  Jaehyung},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 8th Workshop on Asian Language
                  Resources},
  address={Beijing, China},
  year={2010}
}

@article{steedman:00,
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  number={4},
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  year={2000}
}

@book{steedman:01,
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  year={2001},
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@incollection{steedman:07,
   author={Steedman, Mark},
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   editor={Chungmin Lee and Matthew Gordon and Daniel Büring},
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   pages={245--264},
   year={2007}
}

@article{strawson:64,
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@inproceedings{sturgeon:10,
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@phdthesis{szendroi:01,
  title={Focus and the Syntax-Phonology Interface},
  author={Kriszta Szendr\H{o}i},
  year={2001},
  school={University College London}
}

@article{szendroi:99,
  title={A Stress-Driven Approach to the Syntax of Focus},
  author={Kriszta Szendr\H{o}i},
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  pages={545--573},
  year={1999}
}

@article{tamrazian:91,
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  year={1991}
}

@phdthesis{tamrazian:94,
  title={The Syntax of {Armenian}: Chains and the Auxiliary},
  author={Tamrazian, Armine},
  year={1994},
  school={University College London}
}

@book{tang:79,
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@article{taylor:07,
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  pages={192--206},
  year={2007}
}

@inproceedings{toutanova:etal:08,
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  pages={514--522},
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@inproceedings{traat:bos:04,
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  author={Maarika Traat and Johan Bos},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on
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  year={2004},
  organization={{Association for Computational Linguistics}}
}

@book{tragut:09,
   author={Tragut, Jasmine},
   title={{Armenian: Modern Eastern Armenian}},
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   year={2009}
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@phdthesis{truckenbrodt:95,
  title={Phonological Phrases: Their Relation to Syntax, Focus, and
                  Prominence},
  author={Truckenbrodt, Hubert},
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  year={1995}
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@article{ueyama:jun:98,
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   volume={7},
   pages={629--645},
   year={1998}
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@incollection{urbina:99,
   author={{Ortiz de Urbina}, Jon},
   title={Focus in {Basque}},
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   pages={311--333},
   year={1999}
}

@book{valentine:01,
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  author={J Randolph Valentine},
  year={2001},
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@phdthesis{vallduvi:90,
  title={The Informational Component},
  author={Vallduví, Enric},
  school={University of Pennsylvania},
  year={1990}
}

@incollection{vallduvi:92,
  title={Focus Constructions in {Catalan}},
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@techreport{vallduvi:93,
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  title = {The Informational Component},
  institution = {University of Pennsylvania Institute for Research in
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  year = {1993}
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@article{vallduvi:vilkuna:98,
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@book{van:05,
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  year={2005},
  address={Cambridge, UK},
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@book{van:lapolla:97,
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@inproceedings{vauquois:68,
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@inproceedings{velleman:etal:12,
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                  Bumford, Dylan and Onea, Edgar and Coppock, Liz},
  booktitle={Proceedings of Semantics and Linguistic Theory 22},
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  year={2012}
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@article{vermeulen:09,
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  author={Reiko Vermeulen},
  journal={UCL Working Papers in Linguistics},
  volume={21},
  pages={335--363},
  year={2009}
}

@inproceedings{webelhuth:07,
  title = {Complex Topic-Comment Structures in {HPSG}},
  author = {Gert Webelhuth},
  pages = {306--322},
  editor = {Stefan Müller},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on
                  {H}ead-Driven {P}hrase {S}tructure {G}rammar},
  address = {Stanford, CA},
  publisher = {CSLI Publications},
  year = {2007}
}

@phdthesis{wee:01,
  title={Sentential Logic, Discourse and Pragmatics of Topic and
                  Focus},
  author={Wee, Hae-Kyung},
  year={2001},
  school={Indiana University}
}

@incollection{wilcock:05,
  title={Information Structure and {Minimal Recursion Semantics}},
  author={Wilcock, Graham},
  booktitle={Inquiries into Words, Constraints and Contexts},
  editor={Antti Arppe and Lauri Carlson and Krister Lindén and Jussi Piitulainen and Mickael Suominen and Martti Vainio and Hanna Westerlund and Anssi Yli-Jyr{\"a}},
  publisher={CSLI Publications},
  address={Stanford, CA},
  pages={268--277},
  year={2005}
}

@article{xu:xu:05,
  title={Phonetic Realization of Focus in {English} Declarative
                  Intonation},
  author={Xu, Yi and Xu, Ching X.},
  journal={Journal of Phonetics},
  volume={33},
  number={2},
  pages={159--197},
  year={2005}
}

@book{yang:02,
  title={Knowledge and Learning in Natural Language},
  author={Yang, Charles D.},
  year={2002},
  address = {Oxford, UK},
  publisher={Oxford University Press}
}

@article{yang:73,
  title={Semantics of Delimiters},
  author={Yang, In-Seok},
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  volume={9},
  number={2},
  pages={84--121},
  year={1973},
  publisher={Seoul National University, Language Research Institute}
}

@article{yatabe:99,
  title={Particle Ellipsis and Focus Projection in {Japanese}},
  author={Yatabe, Sh{\^u}ichi},
  journal={Language, Information, Text},
  volume={6},
  pages={79--104},
  year={1999}
}

@article{yeh:chen:04,
  title={Zero Anaphora Resolution in {Chinese} with Shallow Parsing},
  author = {Yeh, Ching-Long and Chen, Yi-Chun},
  journal={Journal of Chinese Language and Computing},
  volume={17},
  number={1},
  pages={41--56},
  year={2004}
}

@article{yoo:etal:07,
  title={The Study on the Principles of Selecting {Korean} Particle
                  `Ka' and `Nun' Using {Korean}-{English} Parallel
                  Corpus [In {Korean}]},
  author={Yoo, Hyun-kyung and An, Yeri and Yang, Su-hyang},
  journal={Language and Information},
  volume={11},
  number={1},
  pages={1--23},
  year={2007}
}

@incollection{yoshimoto:00,
   author={Kei Yoshimoto},
   title={A Bistratal Approach to the Prosody-Syntax Interface in
                  {Japanese}},
   booktitle={Grammatical Interfaces in {HPSG}},
   editor={Ronnie Cann and Claire Grover and Philip Miller},
   publisher={CSLI Publications},
   address={Stanford, CA},
   pages={267--282},
   year={2000}
}

@article{yoshimoto:etal:06,
  title={Processing of Information Structure and Floating Quantifiers
                  in {Japanese}},
  author={Kei Yoshimoto and Masahiro Kobayashi and Hiroaki Nakamura
                  and Yoshiki Mori},
  journal={Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
  volume={4012},
  pages={103--110},
  year={2006}
}

@inproceedings{yu:etal:10,
  title={Semi-automatically Developing {Chinese} {HPSG} Grammar from the
                  {Penn Chinese Treebank} for Deep Parsing},
  author={Yu, Kun and Miyao, Yusuke and Wang, Xiangli and Matsuzaki,
                  Takuya and Tsujii, Junichi},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on
                  Computational Linguistics},
  pages={1417--1425},
  year={2010},
  organization={{Association for Computational Linguistics}}
}

@book{zagona:02,
  title={The Syntax of {Spanish}},
  author={Zagona, Karen},
  year={2002},
  address={Cambridge, UK},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press}
}

@incollection{zeevat:87,
  title={Combining Categorial Grammar and Unification},
  author={Zeevat, Henk},
  booktitle={Natural Language Parsing and Linguistic Theories},
  editor={Uwe Reyle and Christian Rohrer},
  pages={202--229},
  year={1987},
  address={Dordrecht},
  publisher={D. Reidel Publishing Company}
}

@inproceedings{zhao:ng:07,
  title={Identification and Resolution of {Chinese} Zero Pronouns: A
                  Machine Learning Approach},
  author={Zhao, Shanheng and Ng, Hwee Tou},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 2007 Joint Conference on Empirical
                  Methods in Natural Language Processing and
                  Computational Natural Language Learning},
  address={Prague, Czech},
  year={2007}
}

@book{zubizarreta:98,
   author={Zubizarreta, Maria Luisa},
   title={Prosody, Focus, and Word Order},
   publisher={The MIT Press},
   address={Cambridge, MA},
   year={1998}
}

@incollection{kim:etal:06b,
  title={Parsing {Korean} Honorification Phenomena in a Typed Feature
                  Structure Grammar},
  author={Kim, Jong-Bok and Sells, Peter and Yang, Jaehyung},
  booktitle={Advances in Artificial Intelligence},
  editor={Luc Lamontagne and Mario Marchand},
  pages={254--265},
  year={2006},
  publisher={Springer}
}

@inproceedings{siegel:00b,
  title={{Japanese} Honorification in an {HPSG} Framework},
  author={Siegel, Melanie},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 14th {Pacific Asia Conference on
                  Language, Information and Computation}},
  address={Tokyo},
  pages={289–300},
  year={2000}
}

@incollection{siegel:00a,
  title={{HPSG} analysis of {Japanese}},
  author={Siegel, Melanie},
  booktitle={Verbmobil: Foundations of speech-to-speech translation},
  pages={264--279},
  year={2000},
  publisher={Springer}
}

@inproceedings{nariyama:etal:05,
  title={Annotating Honorifics Denoting Social Ranking of Referents},
  author={Nariyama, Shigeko and Nakaiwa, Hiromi and Siegel, Melanie},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 6th International Workshop on
                  Linguistically Interpreted Corpora (LINC-05)},
  address = {Jeju},
  pages={91--100},
  year={2005}
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@inproceedings{ohtake:etal:01,
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