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DSP XML file format for importing data

With dsp-tools data can be imported into a DSP repository (on a DSP server) from an XML file. The import file is a standard XML file as described on this page.

The import file must start with the standard XML header:

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>

The root element <knora>

The <knora> element describes all resources that should be imported. It has the following attributes:

  • xmlns: "https://dasch.swiss/schema" (required)
  • xmlns:xsi: "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" (required)
  • xsi:schemaLocation: "https://dasch.swiss/schema https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dasch-swiss/dsp-tools/main/knora/dsplib/schemas/data.xsd" ( required)
  • shortcode: project shortcode, e.g. "0801" (required)
  • default-ontology: name of the ontology (required)

The <knora> element may look as follows:

<knora
    xmlns="https://dasch.swiss/schema"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="https://dasch.swiss/schema https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dasch-swiss/dsp-tools/main/knora/dsplib/schemas/data.xsd"
    shortcode="0806"
    default-ontology="webern">
 ...
</knora>

The <knora> element can only contain the following sub-elements:

  • <permissions>
  • <resource>

Describing permissions with <permissions> elements

The DSP server provides access control for each resource and each field of a resource through permissions. For a thorough explanation of the permission and access system of the DSP platform, see DSP platform permissions.

The following access rights are defined by the DSP platform which apply to either a resource or a field:

  • RV restricted view permission: The user gets only a restricted view of the element. E.g. in case of a still image resource, the image is displayed at reduced resolution or with a watermark overlay.
  • V view permission: The user has read access to the element.
  • M modifiy permission: The user may modify the element, but may not delete it.
  • D delete permission: The user is allowed to delete the element.
  • CR change right permission: The user may change the permission of the element.

The user does not hold the permissions directly, but may belong to an arbitrary number of groups which hold the permissions. By default, the following groups always exist, and each user belongs to at least one of them:

  • UnknownUser: The user is not known to the DSP platform (not logged in).
  • KnownUser: The user is known (performed login), but is not a member of the project the data element belongs to.
  • ProjectMember: The user belongs to the same project as the data element.
  • ProjectAdmin: The user is project administrator in the project the data element belongs to.
  • Creator: The user is the owner of the element (created the element).
  • SystemAdmin: The user is a system administrator.

In addition, more groups with arbitrary names can be created by a project admin. For referencing a group, the project name has to be prepended before the group name, separated by a colon, e.g. dsp-test:MlsEditors.

A <permissions> element contains the permissions given to the selected groups and is called a permission set. It has a mandatory attribute id and must contain at least one <allow> element per group indicating the group's permission. It is of the following form:

<permissions id="res-default">
  <allow group="UnknownUser">RV</allow>
  <allow group="KnownUser">V</allow>
  <allow group="ProjectAdmin">CR</allow>
  <allow group="Creator">CR</allow>
  <allow group="dsp-test:MlsEditors">D</allow>
</permissions>

The <allow> sub-element

The <allow> element is used to define the permission for a specific group. It is of the following form:

<allow group="ProjectAdmin">CR</allow>

The allowed values are:

  • RV restricted view: The associated media is shown in reduced quality.
  • V view: The user has read access to the data.
  • M modify: The user may modify a value, but may not delete it. The original value will be preserved using the history mechanism.
  • D delete: The user is able to mark a resource as deleted.
  • CR change right: The user is able to change the right of a resource or value.

The group attribute is mandatory. It defines the group which the permission is applied to. The DSP system groups as well as project specific groups are supported. A project specific group name has the form project-shortname:groupname. The available system groups are:

  • UnknownUser
  • KnownUser
  • ProjectMember
  • Creator
  • ProjectAdmin
  • SystemAdmin

There are no sub-elements allowed for the <allow> element.

Example for a permissions section

A complete <permissions> section may look as follows:

<knora
    xmlns="https://dasch.swiss/schema"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="https://dasch.swiss/schema https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dasch-swiss/dsp-tools/main/knora/dsplib/schemas/data.xsd"
    shortcode="0806"
    default-ontology="webern">
  
  <permissions id="res-default">
    <allow group="UnknownUser">RV</allow>
    <allow group="KnownUser">V</allow>
    <allow group="Creator">CR</allow>
    <allow group="ProjectAdmin">CR</allow>
  </permissions>
  
  <permissions id="res-restricted">
    <allow group="KnownUser">V</allow>
    <allow group="Creator">CR</allow>
    <allow group="ProjectAdmin">CR</allow>
  </permissions>
  
  <permissions id="prop-default">
    <allow group="UnknownUser">V</allow>
    <allow group="KnownUser">V</allow>
    <allow group="Creator">CR</allow>
    <allow group="ProjectAdmin">CR</allow>
  </permissions>
  
  <permissions id="prop-restricted">
    <allow group="KnownUser">V</allow>
    <allow group="Creator">CR</allow>
    <allow group="ProjectAdmin">CR</allow>
  </permissions>
  ...
</knora>

Describing resources with the <resource> element

A <resource> element contains all necessary information to create a resource. It has the following attributes:

  • label: a human-readable, preferably meaningful short name of the resource (required)
  • restype: the resource type as defined within the ontology (required)
  • id: a unique, arbitrary string providing a unique ID to the resource in order to be referencable by other resources; the ID is only used during the import process and later replaced by the IRI used internally by DSP (required)
  • permissions: a reference to a permission set; the permissions will be applied to the created resource (optional)

A complete <resource> element may look as follows:

<resource label="EURUS015a"
          restype=":Postcard"
          id="238807"
          permissions="res-def-perm">
   ...
</resource>

The <resource> element contains a property element (e.g. <text-prop>) for each property class (i.e. data field) describing the resource. The property element itself contains one or several value elements (e.g. <text>) and must have an attribute name with the name of the property as defined in the project specific ontology.

Example for a property element of type text (<text-prop>) with two value elements <text>:

<text-prop name=":hasTranslation">
   <text encoding="utf8">Dies ist eine Übersetzung.</text>
   <text encoding="utf8">Dies ist eine weitere Übersetzung.</text>
</text-prop>
⚠ Look out
In case of a cardinality 1-n, multiple <text> tags have to be created inside the <text-prop> tag (do not use multiple <text-prop> tags).

The following property elements exist:

  • <bitstream>: contains the path to the file
  • <text-prop>: contains text values
  • <color-prop>: contains color values
  • <date-prop>: contains date values
  • <decimal-prop>: contains decimal values
  • <geometry-prop>: contains a JSON geometry definition for a region
  • <geoname-prop>: contains a geonames.org location code
  • <list-prop>: contains list element labels
  • <iconclass-prop>: contains iconclass.org codes
  • <integer-prop>: contains integer values
  • <interval-prop>: contains interval values
  • <period-prop>: contains time period values
  • <resptr-prop>: contains links to other resources
  • <time-prop>: contains time values
  • <uri-prop>: contains URI values
  • <boolean-prop>: contains boolean values

<bitstream>

The <bitstream> element is used for bitstream data. It contains the path to a bitstream object like an image file, a ZIP container, an audio file etc. It must only be used if the resource is a StillImageRepresentation, an AudioRepresentation, a DocumentRepresentation etc.

Note:

  • There is only one <bitstream> element allowed per representation!
  • The <bitstream> element must be the first element!

Attributes:

  • none

Example:

<bitstream>postcards/images/EURUS015a.jpg</bitstream>

<text-prop>

The <text-prop> element is used for text values. It must contain at least one <text> element.

Attributes:

  • name: name of the property as defined in the ontology (required)

<text>

The <text> element has the following attributes:

  • encoding: either "utf8" or "xml" (required)
    • utf8: The element describes a simple text without markup. The text is a simple UTF-8 string.
    • xml: The element describes a complex text containing markup. It must follow the XML format as defined by the DSP standard mapping.
  • permissions: ID or a permission set (optional, but if omitted very restricted default permissions apply)
  • comment: a comment for this specific value (optional)

There are two variants of text:

Simple text (UTF-8)

An example for simple text:

<text-prop name=":hasComment">
  <text encoding="utf8">Probe bei "Wimberger". Lokal in Wien?</text>
</text-prop>

Text with markup (XML)

dsp-tools assumes that for markup (standoff markup) the DSP standard mapping used (custom mapping is not yet implemented).

Example of a text containing a link to another resource:

<text-prop name=":hasComment">
  <text encoding="xml" >The <strong>third</strong> object and a <a class="salsah-link" href="IRI:obj_0003:IRI">link</a>.</text>
</text-prop>

Please note that the href option within the anchor tag (<a>) points to an internal resource of the DSP and has to conform to the special format IRI:[res-id]:IRI where [res-id] is the resource id defined within the XML import file.

Within a text property, multiple simple and complex text values may be mixed.

<color-prop>

The <color-prop> element is used for color values. It must contain at least one <color> element.

Attributes:

  • name: name of the property as defined in the ontology (required)

<color>

The <color> element is used to indicate a color value. The color has to be given in web-notation, that is a # followed by 3 or 6 hex numerals.

Attributes:

  • permissions: ID or a permission set (optional, but if omitted very restricted default permissions apply)
  • comment: a comment for this specific value (optional)

A property with two color values would be defined as follows:

<color-prop name=":hasColor">
    <color>#00ff66</color>
    <color>#ff00ff</color>
</color-prop>

<date-prop>

The <date-prop> element is used for date values. It must contain a <date> element.

Attributes:

  • name: name of the property as defined in the ontology (required)

<date>

the <date> element contains a DSP-specific date value. It has the following format:

calendar:epoch:yyyy-mm-dd:epoch:yyyy-mm-dd
  • calendar: either "JULIAN" or "GREGORIAN" (optional, default: GREGORIAN)
  • epoch: either "BCE" or "CE" (optional, default CE)
  • yyyy: year with four digits (required)
  • mm: month with two digits (optional, e.g. 01, 02, ..., 12)
  • dd: day with two digits (optional, e.g. 01, 02, ..., 31)

If two dates are provided, the date is defined as range between the two dates. If the day is omitted, then the precision it month, if also the month is omitted, the precision is year.

Attributes:

  • permissions: ID or a permission set (optional, but if omitted very restricted default permissions apply)
  • comment: a comment for this specific value (optional)

Example:

<date-prop name=":hasDate">
  <date>GREGORIAN:CE:2014-01-31</date>
</date-prop>
<date-prop name=":hasDate">
  <date>GREGORIAN:CE:1930-09-02:CE:1930-09-03</date>
</date-prop>

<decimal-prop>

The <decimal-prop> element is used for decimal values. It must contain at least one <decimal> element.

Attributes:

  • name: name of the property as defined in the ontology (required)

<decimal>

The <decimal> element contains a decimal number.

Attributes:

  • permissions: ID or a permission set (optional, but if omitted very restricted default permissions apply)
  • comment: a comment for this specific value (optional)

Example:

<decimal-prop name=":hasDecimal">
  <decimal>3.14159</decimal>
</decimal-prop>

<geometry-prop>

The <geometry-prop> element is used for a geometric definition of a 2-D region (e.g. a region on an image). It must contain at least one <geometry> element.

Note:

  • Usually these are not created by an import and should be used with caution!

Attributes:

  • name: name of the property as defined in the ontology (required)

<geometry>

A geometry value is defined as a JSON object. It contains the following data:

  • status: "active" or "deleted"
  • type: "circle", "rectangle" or "polygon"
  • lineColor: web-color
  • lineWidth: integer number (in pixels)
  • points: array of coordinate objects of the form {"x": decimal, "y": decimal}
  • radius: coordinate object of the form {"x": decimal, "y": decimal}

Please note that all coordinates are normalized coordinates (relative to the image size) between 0.0 and 1.0!

The following example defines a polygon:

{
   "status": "active",
   "type": "polygon",
   "lineColor": "#ff3333",
   "lineWidth": 2,
   "points": [{"x": 0.17252396166134185, "y": 0.1597222222222222},
             {"x": 0.8242811501597445,  "y": 0.14583333333333334},
             {"x": 0.8242811501597445,  "y": 0.8310185185185185},
             {"x": 0.1757188498402556,  "y": 0.8240740740740741},
             {"x": 0.1757188498402556,  "y": 0.1597222222222222},
             {"x": 0.16932907348242812, "y": 0.16435185185185186}],
   "original_index": 0
}

Example of a <geometry> element:

<geometry-prop name=":hasPolygon">
  <geometry>{"status":"active","type"="circle","lineColor"="#ff0000","lineWidth"=2,"points":[{"x":0.5,"y":0.5}],"radius":{"x":0.1,"y":0.0}}</geometry>
</geometry-prop>

Attributes:

  • permissions: ID or a permission set (optional, but if omitted very restricted default permissions apply)
  • comment: a comment for this specific value (optional)

<geoname-prop>

The <geoname-prop> element is used for values that contain a geonames.org ID. It must contain at least one <geoname> element.

Attributes:

  • name: name of the property as defined in the ontology (required)

<geoname>

Contains a valid geonames.org ID.

Attributes:

  • permissions: ID or a permission set (optional, but if omitted very restricted default permissions apply)
  • comment: a comment for this specific value (optional)

Example (city of Vienna):

<geoname-prop name=":hasLocation">
  <geoname>2761369</geoname>
</geoname-prop>

<list-prop>

The <list-prop> element is used as entry point into a list (list node). List nodes are identified by their name attribute that was given when creating the list nodes (which must be unique within each list!). It must contain at least one <list> element.

Attributes:

  • name: name of the property as defined in the ontology (required)
  • list: name of the list as defined in the ontology (required)

<list>

The <list> element references a node in a (pull-down or hierarchical) list.

Attributes:

  • permissions: ID or a permission set (optional, but if omitted very restricted default permissions apply)
  • comment: a comment for this specific value (optional)

Example:

<list-prop list="category" name=":hasCategory">
  <list>physics</list>
</list-prop>

<iconclass-prop> (not yet implemented)

The <iconclass-prop> element is used for iconclass.org ID. It must contain at least one <iconclass> element.

For example: 92E112 stands for (story of) Aurora (Eos); 'Aurora' (Ripa) - infancy, upbringing Aurora · Ripa · air · ancient history · child · classical antiquity · goddess · gods · heaven · history · infancy · mythology · sky · upbringing · youth

Attributes:

  • name: name of the property as defined in the ontology (required)

<iconclass> (not yet implemented)

References an iconclass.org ID.

Attributes:

  • permissions: ID or a permission set (optional, but if omitted very restricted default permissions apply)
  • comment: a comment for this specific value (optional)

Usage:

<iconclass-prop name=":hasIcon">
  <iconclass>92E112</iconclass>
</iconclass-prop>

<integer-prop>

The <integer-prop> element is used for integer values. It must contain at least one <integer> element.

Attributes:

  • name: name of the property as defined in the ontology (required)

<integer>

The <integer> element contains an integer value.

Attributes:

  • permissions: ID or a permission set (optional, but if omitted very restricted default permissions apply)
  • comment: a comment for this specific value (optional)

Example:

<integer-prop name=":hasInteger">
  <integer>4711</integer>
</integer-prop>

<interval-prop>

The <interval-prop> element is used for time periods with start and end dates. It must contain at least one <interval> element.

Attributes:

  • name: name of the property as defined in the ontology (required)

<interval>

The <interval> element contains two decimals separated by a colon (:).

Attributes:

  • permissions: ID or a permission set (optional, but if omitted very restricted default permissions apply)
  • comment: a comment for this specific value (optional)

Example:

<interval-prop name=":hasInterval">
  <interval>1.5:3.12</interval>
</interval-prop>

<resptr-prop>

The <resptr-prop> element is used to link other resources within DSP. It must contain a <resptr> element.

Attributes:

  • name: name of the property as defined in the ontology (required)

<resptr>

The <resptr> element contains the internal ID of another resource.

Attributes:

  • permissions: ID or a permission set (optional, but if omitted very restricted default permissions apply)
  • comment: a comment for this specific value (optional)

Example:

If there is a resource defined as <resource label="EURUS015a" restype=":Postcard" unique_id="238807">...</resource>, it can be referenced as:

<resptr-prop name=":hasReferenceTo">
  <resptr>238807</resptr>
</resptr-prop>

<time-prop>

The <time-prop> element is used for time values. It must contain at least one <time> element.

Attributes:

  • name: name of the property as defined in the ontology (required)

<time>

The <time> element represents an exact datetime value in the form of yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm:ss.sssssssssssszzzzzz. The following abbreviations describe this form:

  • yyyy: a four-digit numeral that represents the year. The value cannot start with a minus (-) or a plus (+) sign. 0001 is the lexical representation of the year 1 of the Common Era (also known as 1 AD). The value cannot be 0000.
  • mm: a two-digit numeral that represents the month
  • dd: a two-digit numeral that represents the day
  • hh: a two-digit numeral (with leading zeros as required) that represents the hours. The value must be between -14 and +14, inclusive.
  • mm: a two-digit numeral that represents the minutes
  • ss: a two-digit numeral that represents the seconds
  • ssssssssssss: If present, a 1-to-12-digit numeral that represents the fractional seconds (optional)
  • zzzzzz: represents the time zone (required). Each part of the datetime value that is expressed as a numeric value is constrained to the maximum value within the interval that is determined by the next higher part of the datetime value. For example, the day value can never be 32 and cannot be 29 for month 02 and year 2002 (February 2002).

The timezone is defined as follows:

  • A plus (+) or minus (-) sign that is followed by hh:mm:
    • +: Indicates that the specified time instant is in a time zone that is ahead of the UTC time by hh hours and mm minutes.
    • -: Indicates that the specified time instant is in a time zone that is behind UTC time by hh hours and mm minutes.
    • hh: a two-digit numeral (with leading zeros as required) that represents the hours. The value must be between -14 and +14, inclusive.
    • mm: a two-digit numeral that represents the minutes. The value must be zero when hh is equal to 14.
  • Z: The literal Z, which represents the time in UTC (Z represents Zulu time, which is equivalent to UTC). Specifying Z for the time zone is equivalent to specifying +00:00 or -00:00.

Attributes:

  • permissions: ID or a permission set (optional, but if omitted very restricted default permissions apply)
  • comment: a comment for this specific value (optional)

Example:

<time-prop name=":hasTime">
  <time>2019-10-23T13.45:12Z</time>
</time-prop>

The following value indicates noon on October 10, 2009, Eastern Standard Time in the United States:

<time-prop name=":hasTime">
  <time>2009-10-10T12:00:00-05:00</time>
</time-prop>

<uri-prop>

The <uri-prop> element is used for referencing resources with a URI. It must contain at least one <uri> element.

Attributes:

  • name: name of the property as defined in the ontology (required)

<uri>

The <uri> element contains a syntactically valid URI.

Attributes:

  • permissions: ID or a permission set (optional, but if omitted very restricted default permissions apply)
  • comment: a comment for this specific value (optional)

Example:

<uri-prop name=":hasURI">
   <uri>http://www.groove-t-gang.ch</uri>
</uri-prop>

<boolean-prop>

The <boolean-prop> element is used for boolean values. It must contain a <boolean> element.

Attributes:

  • name: name of the property as defined in the ontology (required)

<boolean>

The <boolean> element must contain the string "true" or "false", or the numeral 1 or 0.

Attributes:

  • permissions: ID or a permission set (optional, but if omitted very restricted default permissions apply)
  • comment: a comment for this specific value (optional)

Example:

<boolean-prop name=":hasBoolean">
  <boolean>true</boolean>
</boolean-prop>
<boolean-prop name=":hasBoolean">
  <boolean>0</boolean>
</boolean-prop>

Complete example

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<knora xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       shortcode="0001" default-ontology="anything">
    <permissions id="res-default">
        <allow group="UnknownUser">RV</allow>
        <allow group="KnownUser">V</allow>
        <allow group="Creator">CR</allow>
        <allow group="ProjectAdmin">CR</allow>
        <allow group="anything:Thing searcher">D</allow>
    </permissions>
    <permissions id="res-restricted">
        <allow group="KnownUser">V</allow>
        <allow group="Creator">CR</allow>>
        <allow group="ProjectAdmin">CR</allow>>
        <allow group="anything:Thing searcher">M</allow>>
    </permissions>
    <permissions id="prop-default">
        <allow group="UnknownUser">V</allow>
        <allow group="KnownUser">V</allow>
        <allow group="Creator">CR</allow>
        <allow group="ProjectAdmin">CR</allow>>
        <allow group="anything:Thing searcher">D</allow>>
    </permissions>
    <permissions id="prop-restricted">
        <allow group="KnownUser">V</allow>
        <allow group="Creator">CR</allow>
        <allow group="ProjectAdmin">CR</allow>
        <allow group="anything:Thing searcher">M</allow>
    </permissions>
    <resource label="obj_inst1"
              restype=":BlueThing"
              id="obj_0001"
              permissions="res-default">
        <list-prop list="treelistroot" name=":hasListItem">
            <list permissions="prop-default">Tree list node 02</list>
        </list-prop>
        <list-prop list="treelistroot" name=":hasOtherListItem">
            <list permissions="prop-default">Tree list node 03</list>
        </list-prop>
        <text-prop name=":hasRichtext">
            <text permissions="prop-default" encoding="xml" >The <strong>third</strong> object and a <a class="salsah-link" href="IRI:obj_0003:IRI">link</a> to.</text>
        </text-prop>
        <text-prop name=":hasRichtext">
            <text permissions="prop-default" encoding="xml" >The <strong>third</strong> object and a <a class="salsah-link" href="IRI:obj_0003:IRI">link</a> to.</text>
        </text-prop>
        <text-prop name=":hasText">
            <text permissions="prop-default" encoding="utf8">Dies ist ein einfacher Text ohne Markup</text>
            <text permissions="prop-restricted" encoding="utf8">Nochmals ein einfacher Text</text>
        </text-prop>
        <date-prop name=":hasDate">
            <date permissions="prop-default">JULIAN:CE:1401-05-17:CE:1402-01</date>
        </date-prop>
        <integer-prop name=":hasInteger">
            <integer permissions="prop-default">4711</integer>
        </integer-prop>
        <decimal-prop name=":hasDecimal">
            <decimal permissions="prop-default" comment="Eulersche Zahl">2.718281828459</decimal>
        </decimal-prop>
        <boolean-prop name=":hasBoolean">
            <boolean permissions="prop-default">true</boolean>
        </boolean-prop>
        <uri-prop name=":hasUri">
            <uri permissions="prop-default">http://dasch.swiss/gaga</uri>
        </uri-prop>
        <interval-prop name=":hasInterval">
            <interval permissions="prop-default">12.5:14.2</interval>
        </interval-prop>
        <color-prop name=":hasColor">
            <color permissions="prop-default">#00ff00</color>
        </color-prop>
        <geometry-prop name=":hasGeometry">
            <geometry permissions="prop-default">
                {
                    "status":"active",
                    "lineColor":"#ff3333",
                    "lineWidth":2,
                    "points":[
                        {"x":0.08098591549295775,"y":0.16741071428571427},
                        {"x":0.7394366197183099,"y":0.7299107142857143}],
                    "type":"rectangle",
                    "original_index":0
                }
            </geometry>
        </geometry-prop>
        <geoname-prop name=":hasGeoname">
            <geoname permissions="prop-default" comment="A sacred place for railroad fans">5416656</geoname>
        </geoname-prop>
        <resptr-prop name=":hasBlueThing">
            <resptr permissions="prop-default">obj_0002</resptr>
        </resptr-prop>
    </resource>

    <resource label="obj_inst2"
              restype=":BlueThing"
              id="obj_0002"
              permissions="res-default">
        <list-prop list="treelistroot" name=":hasListItem">
            <list permissions="prop-default">Tree list node 10</list>
        </list-prop>
        <list-prop list="treelistroot" name=":hasOtherListItem">
            <list permissions="prop-default">Tree list node 11</list>
        </list-prop>
        <text-prop name=":hasRichtext">
            <text permissions="prop-default" encoding="xml">What is this <em>bold</em> thing?</text>
        </text-prop>
        <text-prop name=":hasText">
            <text permissions="prop-default" encoding="utf8">aa bbb cccc ddddd</text>
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