python_workshop_cz.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "![czechitas](img/czechitas.png)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Python Workshop"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "![python](img/python.png)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Začináme\n",
    "\n",
    "## https://github.com/czechitas/czechitas-python"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "![print](img/print.png)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Ahoj, světe!\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(\"Ahoj, světe!\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Takto se píše komentář."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Ahoj, světe!\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print('Ahoj, světe!')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Co když chceme použit uvozovky uvnitř textu?"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "SyntaxError",
     "evalue": "invalid syntax (<ipython-input-4-4acd89faf1fd>, line 1)",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[1;36m  File \u001b[1;32m\"<ipython-input-4-4acd89faf1fd>\"\u001b[1;36m, line \u001b[1;32m1\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;33m    print(\"Když se naučím programovat, budu \"geek\". \")\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;37m                                                ^\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;31mSyntaxError\u001b[0m\u001b[1;31m:\u001b[0m invalid syntax\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(\"Když se naučím programovat, budu \"geek\". \")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Když se naučím programovat, budu 'geek'. \n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Použijeme uvnitř textu apostrofy.\n",
    "print(\"Když se naučím programovat, budu 'geek'. \")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Když se naučím programovat, budu \"geek\". \n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Nebo použijeme zpětné lomítko, aby python nevnímal uvozovky jako specifický symbol .\n",
    "print(\"Když se naučím programovat, budu \\\"geek\\\". \")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Co když chceme napsat text na více řádků?"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "\n",
      "Toto je velmi dlouhý text,\n",
      "který je na více řádků.\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Použijeme trojité apostrofy nebo uvozovky.\n",
    "print(\"\"\"\n",
    "Toto je velmi dlouhý text,\n",
    "který je na více řádků.\n",
    "\"\"\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "\n",
      "Toto je velmi dlouhý text,\n",
      "který je na více řádků.\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print('''\n",
    "Toto je velmi dlouhý text,\n",
    "který je na více řádků.\n",
    "''')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Co když máme v textu proměnlivé části?"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Ahoj, dnes je čtvrtek.\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(\"Ahoj, dnes je {}.\".format(\"čtvrtek\"))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "![print](img/print2.png)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Jmenuji se Nasťa a mám ráda číslo 17.\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(\"Jmenuji se {0} a mám ráda číslo {1}.\".format(\"Nasťa\", 17))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Jmenuji se Eliška a mám ráda číslo 42.\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(\"Jmenuji se {0} a mám ráda číslo {1}.\".format(\"Eliška\", 42))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Jmenuji se 42 a mám ráda číslo Eliška.\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(\"Jmenuji se {1} a mám ráda číslo {0}.\".format(\"Eliška\", 42))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Cvičení\n",
    "# Přídejte více parametrů do funkce format."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Typy objektů"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "* `int` - celé číslo\n",
    "* `float` - desetinné číslo\n",
    "* `str` - řetězec\n",
    "* `bool` - booleovská hodnota (Pravda, Nepravda)\n",
    "* `list` - seznam\n",
    "* `dict` - slovník\n",
    "\n",
    "a dálší..."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "int"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 14,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Zjistíme typ objektu pomocí funkce type()\n",
    "type(2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "float"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 15,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "type(2.5)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "str"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 16,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "type(\"Nasťa\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "list"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 17,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "type([\"Nasťa\", 17])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 18,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "dict"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 18,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "type({\"name\":\"Nasťa\", \"age\":17})"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 19,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "bool"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 19,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "type(True)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Co když chceme změnit typ objektu?"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 20,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "10"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 20,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "int(10.6)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 21,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "10"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 21,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "int(\"10\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 22,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "10.0"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 22,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "float(10)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 23,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "str"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 23,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "type(str(10.6))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 24,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "ValueError",
     "evalue": "invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'a'",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[1;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[1;31mValueError\u001b[0m                                Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[1;32m<ipython-input-24-53e47baf9c57>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[1;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m      1\u001b[0m \u001b[1;31m# Nedoporučujeme převádět písmena na čísla.\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m----> 2\u001b[1;33m \u001b[0mint\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[1;34m\"a\"\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[1;31mValueError\u001b[0m: invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'a'"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Nedoporučujeme převádět písmena na čísla.\n",
    "int(\"a\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 25,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Mám 55 jablek\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Cvičení\n",
    "print(\"Mám\", \"5\" + str(3 + 2), \"jablek\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### S objekty můžeme provádět různé operace"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 26,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "5"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 26,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Cvičení\n",
    "3 + 2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 27,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "9"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 27,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Cvičení\n",
    "3**2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 28,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Je 5 větší než -2?  True\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Cvičení\n",
    "print(\"Je 5 větší než -2? \", 5 > -2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 29,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Je 5 větší než -2?  True\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Cvičení\n",
    "print(\"Je 5 větší než -2? \", 5 > -2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 30,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Ahoj Eliško!'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 30,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Cvičení\n",
    "\"Ahoj \" + \"Eliško!\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 31,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Ahoj! Ahoj! Ahoj! Ahoj! Ahoj! '"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 31,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Cvičení\n",
    "\"Ahoj! \" * 5"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 32,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "TypeError",
     "evalue": "unsupported operand type(s) for -: 'str' and 'str'",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[1;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[1;31mTypeError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[1;32m<ipython-input-32-b7bbca806c8c>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[1;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m      1\u001b[0m \u001b[1;31m# Cvičení\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m----> 2\u001b[1;33m \u001b[1;34m\"Ahoj \"\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m-\u001b[0m \u001b[1;34m\"Eliško!\"\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[1;31mTypeError\u001b[0m: unsupported operand type(s) for -: 'str' and 'str'"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Cvičení\n",
    "\"Ahoj \" - \"Eliško!\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 33,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "8"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 33,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Cvičení\n",
    "3 + 5"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 34,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'35'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 34,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Cvičení\n",
    "\"3\" + \"5\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 35,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "TypeError",
     "evalue": "Can't convert 'int' object to str implicitly",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[1;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[1;31mTypeError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[1;32m<ipython-input-35-dfb9b36e7200>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[1;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m      1\u001b[0m \u001b[1;31m# Cvičení\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m----> 2\u001b[1;33m \u001b[1;34m\"3\"\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m+\u001b[0m \u001b[1;36m5\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[1;31mTypeError\u001b[0m: Can't convert 'int' object to str implicitly"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Cvičení\n",
    "\"3\" + 5"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Proměnné"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "![variable1](img/variable1.png)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 36,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = 12"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 37,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "12\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 38,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Nasťa\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "name = \"Nasťa\"\n",
    "print(name)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "![variable2](img/variable2.png)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 39,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "NameError",
     "evalue": "name 'd' is not defined",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[1;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[1;31mNameError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[1;32m<ipython-input-39-c5ae826c0959>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[1;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m      5\u001b[0m \u001b[0mc\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m=\u001b[0m \u001b[1;36m5\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m      6\u001b[0m \u001b[0ma\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m=\u001b[0m \u001b[1;36m10\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m----> 7\u001b[1;33m \u001b[0md\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0ma\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m+\u001b[0m \u001b[0mb\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m+\u001b[0m \u001b[0mc\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m+\u001b[0m \u001b[0md\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[1;31mNameError\u001b[0m: name 'd' is not defined"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Cvičení\n",
    "# Jaké jsou hodnoty a,b,c,d?\n",
    "a = 3\n",
    "b = a * 2\n",
    "c = 5\n",
    "a = 10\n",
    "d = a + b + c + d"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 40,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Ahoj, Eliška ! Jak se máš?\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "friend_name = \"Eliška\"\n",
    "print(\"Ahoj,\", friend_name, \"! Jak se máš?\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 41,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "NameError",
     "evalue": "name 'Friend_name' is not defined",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[1;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[1;31mNameError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[1;32m<ipython-input-41-15f4f6a3c16e>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[1;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m      1\u001b[0m \u001b[1;31m# U názvů záleží na velikosti písmen.\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m----> 2\u001b[1;33m \u001b[0mprint\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[1;34m\"Ahoj,\"\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mFriend_name\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m,\u001b[0m \u001b[1;34m\"! Jak se máš?\"\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[1;31mNameError\u001b[0m: name 'Friend_name' is not defined"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# U názvů záleží na velikosti písmen.\n",
    "print(\"Ahoj,\", Friend_name, \"! Jak se máš?\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 42,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Jmenuji se Eliška a mám ráda číslo 42.\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "name = \"Eliška\"\n",
    "number = 42\n",
    "print(\"Jmenuji se {0} a mám ráda číslo {1}.\".format(name, number))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "![variable3](img/variable3.png)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Můžeme zadávat hodnotu proměnné z klávesnice"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 45,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Ahoj, jak se jmenuješ? Emília\n",
      "Tvoje jméno je Emília\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Použijeme k tomu příkaz input()\n",
    "name = input(\"Ahoj, jak se jmenuješ? \")\n",
    "print(\"Tvoje jméno je\", name)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Řetězec (String)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "![string1](img/string1.png)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 46,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "language = \"PYTHON\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 47,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "První pismeno je P\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(\"První pismeno je\", language[0])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 48,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'P'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 48,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "language[0:1]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 49,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'PY'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 49,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Cvičení\n",
    "language[0:2]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 50,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "6"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 50,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Můžeme zjistit délku řetězce pomocí funkce len()\n",
    "len(language)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 51,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "2"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 51,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Cvíčení\n",
    "len(language[0:2])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "![string2](img/string2.png)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 52,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'HO'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 52,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Cvíčení\n",
    "language[-3:-1]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 53,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Počet mezer je 3\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "long_string = \"jsem hrozně dlouhý řetězec\"\n",
    "print(\"Počet mezer je\", long_string.count(\" \"))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 54,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Spočítejte počet písmen ř v jazykolamu \"Tři sta třicet tři stříbrných stříkaček stříkalo přes tři sta třicet tři stříbrných střech.\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Kde hledat pomoc?\n",
    "\n",
    "* [Dokumetace](https://docs.python.org/3/library/index.html)\n",
    "* [Stackoverflow](http://stackoverflow.com/)\n",
    "* [Sraz python komunity](http://python.cz/)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 55,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'python'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 55,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "language.lower()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 56,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Cvičení\n",
    "# Vyhledejte funkci pomocí které ve slově \"czechitas\" napišete velká písmena."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 57,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Cvičení\n",
    "# Jak lze zkontrolovat, zda se řetezec skládá jenom z číslovek?"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Seznam (List)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "![list1](img/list1.png)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 58,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 58,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "[1, 2, 3] + [4, 5, 6]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 59,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Cvičení\n",
    "# Ze seznamu [\"Yoshi\"] vytvořte seznam obsahující slovo \"Yoshi\" 5 krát."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 60,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true,
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "-"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "colors_list = [\"červená\", \"oranžová\", \"žlutá\", \"zelená\", \"modrá\"]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 61,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'červená'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 61,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "colors_list[0]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 62,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Cvičení\n",
    "# Zobrazte první a poslední prvek seznamu colors_list."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 63,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "scrolled": true
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "první barva je oranžová\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "first = 1\n",
    "print (\"první barva je\", colors_list[first])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 64,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Cvičení\n",
    "# Zobrazte všechny prvky seznamu colors_list kromě posledního prvku."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 65,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['černá', 'oranžová', 'žlutá', 'zelená', 'modrá']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 65,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Můžeme přiřadit prvkům v seznamu jinou hodnotu.\n",
    "colors_list[0] = \"černá\"\n",
    "colors_list"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 66,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['černá', 'oranžová', 'žlutá', 'zelená', 'modrá', 'fialová']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 66,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Můžeme připojit prvek k seznamu pomocí metody .append()\n",
    "colors_list.append(\"fialová\")\n",
    "colors_list"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 67,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['oranžová', 'žlutá', 'zelená', 'modrá', 'fialová']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 67,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "len(colors_list)\n",
    "del colors_list[0]\n",
    "len(colors_list)\n",
    "colors_list"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "metadata": {
  "kernelspec": {
   "display_name": "Python 3",
   "language": "python",
   "name": "python3"
  },
  "language_info": {
   "codemirror_mode": {
    "name": "ipython",
    "version": 3
   },
   "file_extension": ".py",
   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
   "name": "python",
   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
   "version": "3.4.3"
  }
 },
 "nbformat": 4,
 "nbformat_minor": 0
}