| Label | Description | Since |
|---|---|---|
| ACL | Clausal modifier of noun | 3.1.0 |
| ACOMP | Adjectival complement | 1.0.0 |
| ADVCL | Adverbial clause modifier | 1.0.0 |
| ADVMOD | Adverbial modifier | 1.0.0 |
| AGENT | Agent | 1.0.0 |
| AMOD | Adjectival modifier | 1.0.0 |
| APPOS | Appositional modifier | 1.0.0 |
| ATTR | Attribute | 1.0.0 |
| AUX | Auxiliary | 1.0.0 |
| AUXPASS | Auxiliary (passive) | 1.0.0 |
| CASE | Case marker | 3.1.0 |
| CC | Coordinating conjunction | 1.0.0 |
| CCOMP | Clausal complement | 1.0.0 |
| COMPOUND | Compound modifier | 3.1.0 |
| CONJ | Conjunct | 1.0.0 |
| CSUBJ | Clausal subject | 1.0.0 |
| CSUBJPASS | Clausal subject (passive) | 1.0.0 |
| DATIVE | Dative | 3.1.0 |
| DEP | Unclassified dependent | 1.0.0 |
| DET | Determiner | 1.0.0 |
| DOBJ | Direct Object | 1.0.0 |
| EXPL | Expletive | 1.0.0 |
| INTJ | Interjection | 1.0.0 |
| MARK | Marker | 1.0.0 |
| META | Meta modifier | 1.0.0 |
| NEG | Negation modifier | 1.0.0 |
| NOUNMOD | Modifier of nominal | 3.1.0 |
| NPMOD | Noun phrase as adverbial modifier | 3.1.0 |
| NSUBJ | Nominal subject | 1.0.0 |
| NSUBJPASS | Nominal subject (passive) | 1.0.0 |
| NUMMOD | Number modifier | 3.1.0 |
| OPRD | Object predicate | 1.0.0 |
| PARATAXIS | Parataxis | 1.0.0 |
| PCOMP | Complement of preposition | 1.0.0 |
| POBJ | Object of preposition | 1.0.0 |
| POSS | Possession modifier | 1.0.0 |
| PRECONJ | Pre-correlative conjunction | 1.0.0 |
| PREDET | Pre-determiner | 1.0.0 |
| PREP | Prepositional modifier | 1.0.0 |
| PRT | Particle | 1.0.0 |
| PUNCT | Punctuation | 1.0.0 |
| QUANTMOD | Modifier of quantifier | 1.0.0 |
| RELCL | Relative clause modifier | 3.1.0 |
| ROOT | Root | 1.0.0 |
| XCOMP | Open clausal complement | 1.0.0 |
| Label | Description | Since | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| COMPLM | Complementizer | 3.0.0 | Replaced to mark |
| INFMOD | Infinitival modifier | 3.0.0 | Replaced to acl |
| PARTMOD | Participal modifier | 3.0.0 | Replaced to acl |
| HMOD | Modifier in hyphenation | 3.1.0 | Replaced to compound |
| HYPH | Hyphen | 3.1.0 | Replaced to punct |
| IOBJ | Indirect object | 3.1.0 | Replaced to dative |
| NUM | Number modifier | 3.1.0 | Replaced to nummod |
| NUMBER | Number compound modifier | 3.1.0 | Replaced to compound |
| NMOD | Modifier of nominal | 3.1.0 | Replaced to nounmod |
| NN | Noun compound modifier | 3.1.0 | Replaced to compound |
| NPADVMOD | Noun phrase as adverbial modifier | 3.1.0 | Replaced to npmod |
| POSSESSIVE | Possessive modifier | 3.1.0 | Replaced to case |
| RCMOD | Relative clause modifier | 3.1.0 | Replaced to relcl |
A nominal subject (nsubj) is a non-clausal constituent in the subject position of an active verb.
A nominal passive subject (nsubjpass) is a non-clausal constituent in the subject position of a passive verb.
A clausal subject (csubj) is a clause in the subject position of an active verb.
A clausal passive subject (csubjpass) is a clause in the subject position of a passive verb.
An agent (agent) is the complement of a passive verb that is the surface subject of its active form.
An expletive (expl) is an existential there in the subject position.
A direct object (dobj) is a noun phrase that is the accusative object of a (di)transitive verb.
A dative (dative) is a nominal or prepositional object of dative-shifting verb.
An attribute (attr) is a noun phrase that is a non-VP predicate usually following a copula verb.
An object predicate (oprd) is a non-VP predicate in a small clause that functions like the predicate of an object.
A clausal complement (ccomp) is a clause with an internal subject that modifies the head of an ADJP|ADVP|NML|NP|WHNP|VP|SINV|SQ.
An open clausal complement (xcomp) is a clause without an internal subject that modifies the head of an ADJP|ADVP|VP|SINV|SQ.
An adjectival complement (acomp) is an adjective phrase that modifies the head of a VP|SINV|SQ, that is usually a verb.
An appositional modifier (appos) of an NML|NP is a noun phrase immediately preceded by another noun phrase, which gives additional information to its preceding noun phrase.
A finite or non-finite clausal modifier (acl) is either an infinitival modifier is an infinitive clause or phrase that modifies the head of a noun phrase, or a participial modifier is a clause or phrase whose head is a verb in a participial form (e.g., gerund, past participle) that modifies the head of a noun phrase, or a complement.
A relative clause modifier (relcl) is a either relative clause or a reduced relative clause that modifies the head of an NML|NP|WHNP.
A determiner (det) is a word token whose pos tag is DT|WDT|WP that modifies the head of a noun phrase.
A predeterminer (predet) is a word token whose pos tag is PDT that modifies the head of a noun phrase.
A numeric modifier (nummod) is any number or quantifier phrase that modifies the head of a noun phrase.
An adjectival modifier (amod) is an adjective or an adjective phrase that modifies the meaning of another word, usually a noun.
A possession modifier (poss) is either a possessive determiner (PRP$) or a NML|NP|WHNP containing a possessive ending that modifies the head of a ADJP|NML|NP|QP|WHNP.
A modifier of nominal (nmod) is any unclassified dependent that modifies the head of a noun phrase.
An adverbial modifier (advmod) is an adverb or an adverb phrase that modifies the meaning of another word.
An adverbial clause modifier (advcl) is a clause that acts like an adverbial modifier.
A negation modifier (neg) is an adverb that gives negative meaning to its head.
An adverbial noun phrase modifier (npmod) is a noun phrase that acts like an adverbial modifier.
An object of a preposition (pobj) is a noun phrase that modifies the head of a prepositional phrase, which is usually a preposition but can be a verb in a participial form such as VBG.
A complement of a preposition (pcomp) is any dependent that is not a pobj but modifies the head of a prepositional phrase.
A conjunct (conj) is a dependent of the leftmost conjunct in coordination.
A coordinating conjunction (cc) is a dependent of the leftmost conjunct in coordination.
A pre-correlative conjunction (preconj) is the first part of a correlative conjunction that becomes a dependent of the
first conjunct in coordination.
A prepositional modifier (prep) is any prepositional phrase that modifies the meaning of its head.
An auxiliary (aux) is an auxiliary or modal verb that gives further information about the main verb (e.g., tense, aspect).
A passive auxiliary (auxpass) is an auxiliary verb, be, become, or get, that modifies a passive verb.
A compound (compound) is either a noun modifying the head of noun phrase, a number modifying the head of quantifier phrase, or a hyphenated word (or a preposition modifying the head of the prepositioanl phrase).
A particle (prt) is a preposition in a phrasal verb that forms a verb-particle construction.
A case marker (case) is either a possessive marker, ...
A marker (mark) is either a subordinating conjunction (e.g., although, because, while) that introduces an adverbial clause modifier, or a subordinating conjunction, if, that, or whether, that introduces a clausal complement.
An unclassified dependent (dep) is a dependent that does not satisfy conditions for any other dependency.
A meta modifier (meta) is code (1), embedded (2), or meta (3) information that is randomly inserted in a phrase
or clause.
A parenthetical modifier (parataxis) is an embedded chunk, often but not necessarily surrounded by parenthetical
notations (e.g,. brackets, quotes, commas, etc.), which gives side information to its head.
Any punctuation (punct) is assigned the dependency label PUNCT.
A root (root) is the root of a tree that does not depend on any node in the tree but the artificial root node.