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Data

href : https://www.chair-flight.com/modules/atpl/tests/rj0jGMyL/study

test-current-question: &a1
  questionId: Pg57MFrl
  templateId: QPGXTVMF
  seed: 2DNGJNvg
  type: multiple-choice
  question: >-
    Refer to figure.  

    The meteorological diagram contains adiabats and lines of constant mixing
    ratio (dew point lines). Which sequence of points describes the change of
    temperature of an air parcel that rises from the ground, reaches the cloud
    base at point 4 and continues to rise inside the cloud?
  annexes: []
  correctOptionId: OO61F3WGY
  options:
    - id: OO61F3WGY
      text: 3, 4, 6.
      why: ""
    - id: OPDZY2FTT
      text: 2, 4, 7.
      why: ""
    - id: OUPND3NOR
      text: 3, 4, 5.
      why: ""
    - id: O4XFUY5JC
      text: 2, 4, 5.
      why: ""
  explanation: ""
test:
  id: rj0jGMyL
  questionBank: atpl
  title: 050 study
  status: started
  mode: study
  currentQuestionIndex: 3
  timeSpentInMs: 136508
  durationInMs: 2400000
  questions:
    - questionId: KqTLovJW
      templateId: QOHXVZAZ
      seed: mVHNjRdj
      type: multiple-choice
      question: Which statement accurately reflects the approximate and average
        distribution of water vapor content in the Earth's atmosphere?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OXX6IXXUM
      options:
        - id: OH3CEQMZJ
          text: Higher water vapour content at the poles and less at the equator.
          why: ""
        - id: OXX6IXXUM
          text: Almost 0 g/m3 near the poles to as much as 25 g/m3 at the equator.
          why: ""
        - id: OPK5AMWWN
          text: 8 g/m3 at the poles and 15 g/m3 at the equator.
          why: ""
        - id: OTMLMW6NE
          text: More or less equally distributed due to movements of air masses.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
      selectedOptionId: OXX6IXXUM
    - questionId: xyVDsR5g
      templateId: QKUZYBVO
      seed: tWLOEvi8
      type: multiple-choice
      question: "When water evaporates into unsaturated air:"
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OXX53SGJM
      options:
        - id: OXX53SGJM
          text: heat is absorbed.
          why: ""
        - id: OEBMN1OK0
          text: heat is released.
          why: ""
        - id: OIV8GHNUD
          text: relative humidity is not changed.
          why: ""
        - id: OQPT9POWM
          text: relative humidity is decreased.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
      selectedOptionId: OEBMN1OK0
    - questionId: 1UV4QQIt
      templateId: QUPQSYCJT
      seed: 3TcRjLz9
      type: multiple-choice
      question: Which of the following statements concerning an isothermal layer in
        the atmosphere is correct?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OAPSBSC8A
      options:
        - id: O99OIACZH
          text: Air parcels that are forced to rise through an isothermal layer keep the
            same temperature.
          why: ""
        - id: OBN07OH4B
          text: The vertical temperature gradient lies between the dry and saturated
            adiabatic lapse rates.
          why: ""
        - id: OAPSBSC8A
          text: An isothermal layer is absolutely stable.
          why: ""
        - id: OHCIY95Q8
          text: An isothermal layer is formed when the air in the layer is well mixed by
            turbulence.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
      selectedOptionId: O99OIACZH
    - *a1
    - questionId: TtGpdLQE
      templateId: QAJRPZMV
      seed: oXJbCd9K
      type: multiple-choice
      question: The dew point is defined as the..
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: ODG4HGBMZ
      options:
        - id: OSRDUPJRN
          text: ratio of the vapour pressure of a sample of air to the saturation pressure
            at the existing temperature.
          why: ""
        - id: OAHOM3F5N
          text: temperature at which the pressure exerted by the surroundings upon a
            liquid is equalled by the pressure exerted by the vapour of the
            liquid.
          why: ""
        - id: OVYVZWPEL
          text: temperature at which moisture in the air will condense as a layer of frost
            on any exposed surface.
          why: ""
        - id: ODG4HGBMZ
          text: temperature at which the vapour present in a sample of air would just
            cause saturation.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: nVz9vdMD
      templateId: QABMPGZI
      seed: l47USwa4
      type: multiple-choice
      question: What is the formula for relative humidity given temperature and dewpoint?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OMGRROWY3
      options:
        - id: OEUNU1XBY
          text: Td = (100 - RH / 5) + T
          why: ""
        - id: OUI0GTHCL
          text: Td = T ((100 - RH) / 5)
          why: ""
        - id: O6L9UC51K
          text: Td = T ((100 - RH /) 10)
          why: ""
        - id: OMGRROWY3
          text: Td = T - ((100 - RH) / 5)
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: by3Kopg4
      templateId: Q1IGROWYN
      seed: jDXrBaaG
      type: multiple-choice
      question: "The height of the lifting condensation level is determined by:"
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: ONIZFESZA
      options:
        - id: ONIZFESZA
          text: temperature and dew point at the surface.
          why: ""
        - id: OOOBUNSWM
          text: wet adiabatic lapse rate and dew point at the surface.
          why: ""
        - id: ORB8HQILE
          text: wind and dew point at the surface.
          why: ""
        - id: OY9JRZKCG
          text: temperature at surface and air pressure.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: yPPiKEhY
      templateId: QWRZUOLT
      seed: mvBpLYZl
      type: multiple-choice
      question: "A moist but unsaturated parcel of air becomes saturated by:"
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: O0ACICUI4
      options:
        - id: ONPBNKLCE
          text: lowering the parcel to a lower level.
          why: ""
        - id: O0ACICUI4
          text: lifting the parcel to a higher level.
          why: ""
        - id: OBWVTIVCZ
          text: moving the parcel to an area with lower pressure and equal temperature.
          why: ""
        - id: O5JZEXVDR
          text: moving the parcel to an area with higher pressure and equal temperature.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: A2l9ESWs
      templateId: QIDHAVXS
      seed: vPqCnM61
      type: multiple-choice
      question: In which of the following changes of state is latent heat released?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OVOB3WDL2
      options:
        - id: OVOB3WDL2
          text: Liquid to solid
          why: ""
        - id: OKWDTDBJC
          text: Solid to gas
          why: ""
        - id: O8SUBZSEG
          text: Liquid to gas
          why: ""
        - id: O4GTSYBVK
          text: Solid to liquid
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: OFaC6SeR
      templateId: QSOHYKUJ
      seed: 4xHP6rr9
      type: multiple-choice
      question: A parcel of unsaturated air is forced to rise through an isothermal
        layer. So long as it remains unsaturated, the temperature of the
        parcel..
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OKZLYN7BV
      options:
        - id: OKZLYN7BV
          text: decreases 1°C per 100 m
          why: ""
        - id: OXVUDXFTO
          text: remains constant
          why: ""
        - id: OTFXK16IL
          text: becomes equal to the temperature of the isothermal layer
          why: ""
        - id: OSORI70EL
          text: decreases 0.65°C per 100 m
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: VdA9nPEm
      templateId: QGJ6FZAPD
      seed: kw3TQpnI
      type: multiple-choice
      question: "If the temperature of a saturated air parcel is decreased, and its
        volume remains constant:"
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: ONNIKF8FK
      options:
        - id: OQBPBB4AP
          text: Relative humidity will increase.
          why: ""
        - id: OGCKOJZNW
          text: Vapour pressure will remain the same.
          why: ""
        - id: ONNIKF8FK
          text: The amount of water vapor will decrease.
          why: ""
        - id: OPLRDRBGA
          text: Relative humidity will decrease.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: 0Zje5SlR
      templateId: QBBWFNUP
      seed: LhfNjLuz
      type: multiple-choice
      question: As regards water, which state change process delivers the main part of
        the energy in thunderstorms and hurricanes?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OSVTVFDVU
      options:
        - id: O9LWFSU47
          text: Evaporation
          why: ""
        - id: OSVTVFDVU
          text: Condensation
          why: ""
        - id: OXNSHC2OY
          text: Freezing
          why: ""
        - id: OFKXZHSBV
          text: Sublimation
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: AArVRon1
      templateId: QOCVQVRN
      seed: ac1Nnf58
      type: multiple-choice
      question: >-
        Determine the most accurate estimate of the approximate Relative
        Humidity, given:


        Air Temperature: +18°C   
         Dew Point: +12°C
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: ORA9JZT5F
      options:
        - id: OCZWZZ9MQ
          text: 65 %
          why: ""
        - id: OT1HGN3J4
          text: 35 %
          why: ""
        - id: ORA9JZT5F
          text: 70 %
          why: ""
        - id: OMVK2HDB3
          text: 30 %
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: KBKydicT
      templateId: QUYFQBLZ
      seed: 2QGoqYhP
      type: multiple-choice
      question: Which of the following changes of state is known as freezing?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OOABPIFH1
      options:
        - id: OOABPIFH1
          text: Liquid to solid
          why: ""
        - id: OTGBMBRYG
          text: Gas to solid
          why: ""
        - id: OVZTDP4FV
          text: Liquid to gas
          why: ""
        - id: OS3WIRE12
          text: Solid to liquid
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: XhLlrIKh
      templateId: QSA85EZ95
      seed: BOkRdF1M
      type: multiple-choice
      question: The freezing nuclei in a mass of air with supercooled water droplets
        will \_\_\_\_\_ the formation of ice crystals.
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: O5MSUICO5
      options:
        - id: OT2EDWEQL
          text: Will prevent.
          why: ""
        - id: OWGCJKE4O
          text: Will slow down.
          why: ""
        - id: O2HASRLNL
          text: Have a neutral effect on.
          why: ""
        - id: O5MSUICO5
          text: Will enable.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: xTUXQCua
      templateId: QDLUABVR
      seed: ruGviAzD
      type: multiple-choice
      question: It is raining and the rainfall continues for 30 minutes. What happens
        to the relative humidity?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OEYIFDXPF
      options:
        - id: OWHGJXDHO
          text: Decreases.
          why: ""
        - id: ONHVRDDOS
          text: About 80%.
          why: ""
        - id: OT0ZBQ1EU
          text: Increases.
          why: ""
        - id: OEYIFDXPF
          text: Stays at 100%.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: MsKCPa4R
      templateId: QXTLRNZG
      seed: vDkUYoTL
      type: multiple-choice
      question: "A sample of moist but unsaturated air may become saturated by:"
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OHWQAMQBB
      options:
        - id: OATCCZTMN
          text: lowering the pressure, keeping temperature constant.
          why: ""
        - id: OLOU109K2
          text: compressing it adiabatically.
          why: ""
        - id: OHWQAMQBB
          text: expanding it adiabatically.
          why: ""
        - id: O57EWAA3P
          text: raising the temperature.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: FtinkFdN
      templateId: QIJKHEDF
      seed: JuslMBlA
      type: multiple-choice
      question: In the atmosphere, what contributes to initiate the condensation process?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OJEOEHMVW
      options:
        - id: OKJD6HQ4N
          text: High-frequency electromagnetic waves.
          why: ""
        - id: OCVVYRG98
          text: Gaseous carbon-dioxide molecules.
          why: ""
        - id: OJEOEHMVW
          text: Micrometric solid and liquid particles.
          why: ""
        - id: OCIKVVKDQ
          text: Daily atmospheric pressure variations.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: J0qeGWGX
      templateId: QJTRSPSC
      seed: SlnyhoG0
      type: multiple-choice
      question: How, if at all, is the relative humidity of an unsaturated air mass
        influenced by temperature changes?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OMDXA7IY5
      options:
        - id: OFF795AK3
          text: It decreases with decreasing temperature.
          why: ""
        - id: OMDXA7IY5
          text: It decreases with increasing temperature.
          why: ""
        - id: OAMANP7XV
          text: It increases with increasing temperature.
          why: ""
        - id: OO69IYXYQ
          text: It is not influenced by temperature changes.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: AhAwbmN3
      templateId: QSOAMPGJ
      seed: XDtCvfRQ
      type: multiple-choice
      question: Which of the following changes of state is known as melting?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: O5CAG3DTU
      options:
        - id: OAPSHCH7K
          text: Liquid to gas
          why: ""
        - id: O0G8SSRIT
          text: Solid to gas
          why: ""
        - id: OXMZ1HLY7
          text: Liquid to solid
          why: ""
        - id: O5CAG3DTU
          text: Solid to liquid
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: SJvVHj5I
      templateId: QURQNPYG
      seed: 627JpP2N
      type: multiple-choice
      question: "During an adiabatic process heat is:"
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: ONLYK1KYZ
      options:
        - id: ONLYK1KYZ
          text: neither added nor lost.
          why: ""
        - id: OF7CZBPQD
          text: lost
          why: ""
        - id: OGXL4AWRC
          text: added
          why: ""
        - id: OXRUUNCJZ
          text: added but the result is an overall loss.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: elftMTKP
      templateId: QENFOMZX
      seed: 3g1FRc7X
      type: multiple-choice
      question: |-
        DALR: Dry Adiabatic Lapse rate   
         ELR: Environmental Lapse rate   
         SALR: Saturated Adiabatic Lapse rate

        An isothermal layer may exist when in that layer \_\_\_.
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: O6J5ZKNO0
      options:
        - id: ODRVJORAI
          text: ELR is greater than DALR.
          why: ""
        - id: ON4APR4BX
          text: ELR is equal to DALR.
          why: ""
        - id: O1QMIB00K
          text: SALR is lower than ELR is lower than DALR.
          why: ""
        - id: O6J5ZKNO0
          text: ELR is lower than SALR.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: ADtWRIp5
      templateId: QPEOGQBS
      seed: R1XYUKrW
      type: multiple-choice
      question: "Relative humidity:"
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: O4ULWUXVH
      options:
        - id: O4ULWUXVH
          text: changes when water vapor is added, even though the temperature remains
            constant.
          why: ""
        - id: OR6FGMZFK
          text: is not affected by temperature changes of the air.
          why: ""
        - id: OMAQXHEFF
          text: is not affected when air is ascending or descending.
          why: ""
        - id: O1926YDRA
          text: does not change when water vapor is added provided the temperature of the
            air remains constant.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: 4IwVQCqs
      templateId: QZGDRGHN
      seed: MVQtR8mx
      type: multiple-choice
      question: What happens as air is cooled to below its dew point temperature?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OTZDBNAMU
      options:
        - id: O6YHQSGSR
          text: The actual water vapor content increases to remain equal to the saturated
            water vapor content.
          why: ""
        - id: OA7IMQXSM
          text: The saturated water vapor content remains constant as the air is at 100%
            relative humidity.
          why: ""
        - id: OILTIA7YD
          text: The saturated water vapor content increases as precipitation takes place
            when the temperature drops.
          why: ""
        - id: OTZDBNAMU
          text: The actual water vapor content decreases to remain equal to the saturated
            water vapor content.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: pPRBGJW7
      templateId: Q0KZAAXBV
      seed: TSfKcbLY
      type: multiple-choice
      question: >-
        In a neutral stable atmosphere, the Environmental Lapse Rate (ELR) in
        the case of unsaturated air equals (1)\_\_\_\_\_, and ELR in the case of
        saturated air equals (2)\_\_\_\_\_.


        DALR Dry Adiabatic Lapse Rate  

        SALR Saturated Adiabatic Lapse Rate
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OO9FEDMMK
      options:
        - id: OWPTDPMGU
          text: (1) SALR, (2) 1.98°C/1000 ft.
          why: ""
        - id: OO9FEDMMK
          text: (1) DALR, (2) SALR.
          why: ""
        - id: O0QYD7AQL
          text: (1) SALR, (2) DALR.
          why: ""
        - id: OWL5K1PBD
          text: (1) 1.98°C/1000ft, (2) DALR.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: TmZIQmO3
      templateId: QNWQSPXXQ
      seed: 7z6CSV9N
      type: multiple-choice
      question: "An inversion is a layer of air which is:"
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: ORF5HGX9F
      options:
        - id: ORF5HGX9F
          text: absolutely stable.
          why: ""
        - id: OYOMOQG7T
          text: conditionally unstable.
          why: ""
        - id: OBJJNXPT4
          text: conditionally stable.
          why: ""
        - id: OME9T1UDF
          text: absolutely unstable.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: h1lbKGtF
      templateId: QBZIGHNK
      seed: kEiHQ7Kp
      type: multiple-choice
      question: If an orographic cloud descends down a slope, its temperature
        increases at..
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OIDWYRYHK
      options:
        - id: OFTFM2YLP
          text: a lower rate than in dry air, as condensation gives out heat.
          why: ""
        - id: OIDWYRYHK
          text: a lower rate than in dry air, as evaporation, absorbs heat.
          why: ""
        - id: OWQKHQLLD
          text: the same rate as if the air mass were dry.
          why: ""
        - id: OFCLWOUAI
          text: a higher rate than in dry air, as it gives up latent evaporation heat.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: gm2kgbuT
      templateId: QMGU0DRWG
      seed: RCZlClvf
      type: multiple-choice
      question: "A layer can be:"
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OLPVNCA8M
      options:
        - id: OLPVNCA8M
          text: stable for unsaturated air and unstable for saturated air.
          why: ""
        - id: OPTAORAVQ
          text: unstable for unsaturated air and neutral for saturated air.
          why: ""
        - id: OS3O7K5WO
          text: stable for saturated air and unstable for unsaturated air.
          why: ""
        - id: OHFEPVLYW
          text: unstable for unsaturated air and conditionally unstable.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: xjK2vdhE
      templateId: QLY0B7YQ4
      seed: HRpoNuG0
      type: multiple-choice
      question: Which of the following is a possible consequence of subsidence?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: O7BUC2VDF
      options:
        - id: OXTFSZBSP
          text: CB-clouds and thunderstorms over a large area.
          why: ""
        - id: O7BUC2VDF
          text: An inversion over a large area with haze, mist.
          why: ""
        - id: OAJDRDVID
          text: Wide spread NS and AS clouds and intense precipitation.
          why: ""
        - id: OZPUT8EHY
          text: Clear air turbulence at higher altitudes.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: CdWBzGed
      templateId: QJVUQAS7A
      seed: bAv4LTcB
      type: multiple-choice
      question: "A layer is absolutely unstable if the temperature decrease with
        height is:"
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OFDQB1U0H
      options:
        - id: OOSRK043R
          text: between 1°C / 100 m and 0.65 °C / 100 m.
          why: ""
        - id: OFDQB1U0H
          text: more than 1°C / 100 m.
          why: ""
        - id: OHONY8ORA
          text: 0.65°C / 100 m.
          why: ""
        - id: OZFP8U4KQ
          text: less than 0.65°C / 100 m.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: aC6waVcS
      templateId: QXALRAZA
      seed: WmhiPRyI
      type: multiple-choice
      question: >-
        Considering the lapse rates listed below, the air is absolutely stable
        when…


        1\. Dry Adiabatic Lapse Rate (DALR)   

        2\. Saturated Adiabatic Lapse Rate (SALR)   

        3\. Environmental Lapse Rate (ELR)
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OIHLQTZ83
      options:
        - id: OIHLQTZ83
          text: ELR < SALR and DALR.
          why: ""
        - id: O5Y2OOZ2G
          text: SALR < ELR < DALR.
          why: ""
        - id: OXNKIW2S8
          text: ELR > DALR and SALR.
          why: ""
        - id: OIIQQOEFY
          text: DALR < ELR < SALR.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: 4bLHy3WA
      templateId: QB3PHDKWV
      seed: PHKnv7vQ
      type: multiple-choice
      question: Cold air with a temperature of -30°C is advected at the 500 hPa level.
        What is the temperature at FL200?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OUMZQHTJU
      options:
        - id: OFYA7W0NC
          text: \-25ºC
          why: ""
        - id: ODQNYMACT
          text: \-30°C
          why: ""
        - id: OOIXEPTUW
          text: \-33ºC or above
          why: ""
        - id: OUMZQHTJU
          text: \-36ºC or below
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: 8CdoCjn9
      templateId: QFYYTXFSE
      seed: NOV8qxi2
      type: multiple-choice
      question: Which of the following statements is true of the dew point of an air
        parcel?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: ODF6WF1OX
      options:
        - id: OSCFEIJOD
          text: It can be used to estimate the air parcel\`s relative humidity even if the
            air temperature is unknown
          why: ""
        - id: ODF6WF1OX
          text: It can only be equal to, or lower, than the temperature of the air parcel
          why: ""
        - id: OENFAZNJJ
          text: It can be used together with the air pressure to estimate the air
            parcel\`s relative humidity
          why: ""
        - id: OL523QGKX
          text: It can be higher than the temperature of the air parcel
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: zi4BtxyT
      templateId: QCSUGD3C0
      seed: IsVobdmG
      type: multiple-choice
      question: "A layer in which the temperature decreases with 1°C per 100 m
        increasing altitude is:"
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OUX5IG8GU
      options:
        - id: OUX5IG8GU
          text: neutral for dry air.
          why: ""
        - id: OIWMTVZZK
          text: absolutely stable.
          why: ""
        - id: OPNGMMBRL
          text: conditionally unstable.
          why: ""
        - id: O7GVEJWB8
          text: absolutely unstable.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: 82KozbA6
      templateId: QCP0IUORO
      seed: 8bov5m0K
      type: multiple-choice
      question: "A layer is conditionally unstable if the air:"
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: ODQHJCKPK
      options:
        - id: OKRYAIGAD
          text: is stable for saturated air and unstable for dry air.
          why: ""
        - id: OYBEZV65N
          text: becomes stable by lifting it.
          why: ""
        - id: OR6RLEK5R
          text: is unstable for saturated air as well as for dry air.
          why: ""
        - id: ODQHJCKPK
          text: is unstable for saturated air and stable for dry air.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: 62q73I8v
      templateId: QFTRQDMK
      seed: XE15WxNA
      type: multiple-choice
      question: A saturated air parcel is rising, when it cools to below its dew
        point, it becomes (1) \_\_\_\_\_, which results in (2) \_\_\_\_\_.
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OLKEB6K53
      options:
        - id: OJBDFDTOX
          text: (1) dry; (2) evaporation.
          why: ""
        - id: OLKEB6K53
          text: (1) supersaturated; (2) condensation.
          why: ""
        - id: OPJIWDY9Y
          text: (1) dry; (2) condensation.
          why: ""
        - id: O9GNFM1LW
          text: (1) supersaturated; (2) evaporation.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: xqQ7EClh
      templateId: QTZVTFYQO
      seed: MUgZwiBm
      type: multiple-choice
      question: Which of the following is the main source of energy leading to the
        formation of convective clouds?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OTSBZLG0Q
      options:
        - id: OAUUIVM9C
          text: "Advection. "
          why: ""
        - id: OTSBZLG0Q
          text: Condensation.
          why: ""
        - id: OXMUAZJ86
          text: Orographic lifting.
          why: ""
        - id: OMNCQXMXU
          text: Atmospheric mixing.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: 7hKfEwQU
      templateId: QILSF8ITT
      seed: 2rJMpxLK
      type: multiple-choice
      question: Which statement is correct for an absolutely unstable atmosphere?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OCQIJOQEC
      options:
        - id: OJO222Y1J
          text: Clouds are mainly of the stratiform type
          why: ""
        - id: OZZVKUNJJ
          text: The environmental lapse rate is less than 1°C / 100 m
          why: ""
        - id: OCQIJOQEC
          text: Visibility is good between showers
          why: ""
        - id: OXGK2WX8N
          text: The dry adiabatic lapse rate is more than 1°C / 100 m
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: dFZ1SYKi
      templateId: QGRJJOHG
      seed: 4ezAPEBV
      type: multiple-choice
      question: How does relative humidity and the dew point in an unsaturated air
        mass change with varying temperature?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OWKDV8PDW
      options:
        - id: OM48ROEUI
          text: When temperature decreases, the relative humidity decreases, and the dew
            point increases.
          why: ""
        - id: O5VP1XAQ6
          text: When temperature increases, the relative humidity increases, and the dew
            point decreases.
          why: ""
        - id: OGX4VN01B
          text: When temperature decreases, the relative humidity and the dew point remain
            constant.
          why: ""
        - id: OWKDV8PDW
          text: When temperature increases, the relative humidity decreases, and the dew
            point remains constant.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: qWitJtJu
      templateId: QPJOQEFP
      seed: 5IIbv8lV
      type: multiple-choice
      question: Adiabatic cooling is the decrease in temperature..
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OHOMHYEGH
      options:
        - id: OHOMHYEGH
          text: of an expanding volume of air without heat exchange with its surroundings.
          why: ""
        - id: OAUVKHJTG
          text: due to the transfer of latent heat into an adjacent heat sink.
          why: ""
        - id: OTIKLBCFK
          text: that is best achieved by very slow processes to foster heat exchange.
          why: ""
        - id: OWUWUGORM
          text: of a volume of air gained by the compression of the respective volume.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: 2QFjVeIl
      templateId: QKBBWYUE
      seed: O3uMO4sX
      type: multiple-choice
      question: "On the tephigram, the green line represents the Dry Adiabatic Lapse
        Rate because:"
      annexes:
        - /content/atpl/media/AF6XISGZN.jpg
      correctOptionId: OECIDKVAT
      options:
        - id: O4EHBIR8G
          text: The dry adiabatic lapse rate is not constant, its approximate lapse rate
            is 3°C/1000 ft, but it can vary.
          why: ""
        - id: OECIDKVAT
          text: The DALR is a linear decrease in air temperature with altitude at a
            constant rate.
          why: ""
        - id: OBKMJ6QLS
          text: The DALR is not linear as latent heat is released, and this is represented
            accordingly on the tephigram.
          why: ""
        - id: OZWGP2JIY
          text: The dry adiabatic cooling is not represented by the green line.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: BeLSxyHu
      templateId: QTCJFK7TQ
      seed: i19kBpA8
      type: multiple-choice
      question: Which of the following processes eventually leads to saturation of air
        by water vapour?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OUX3R21QI
      options:
        - id: OUG7WTOBC
          text: Increasing the air pressure.
          why: ""
        - id: O79WOFI2B
          text: Increasing the temperature of the air.
          why: ""
        - id: OHCZIYHFH
          text: Decreasing the amount of water vapour in the air.
          why: ""
        - id: OUX3R21QI
          text: Increasing the amount of water vapour in the air.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: uEzLjCjO
      templateId: QNWTUDJMP
      seed: z9BO4b5L
      type: multiple-choice
      question: If a parcel of humid air is forced to rise from the ground during
        summer (1) \_\_\_\_\_ may occur and unstable conditions for (2)
        \_\_\_\_\_ are created.
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: O5D9GVLCH
      options:
        - id: OQP0IJPVC
          text: (1) sublimation; (2) cloud formation.
          why: ""
        - id: OZ0OTSHAK
          text: (1) condensation; (2) cloud dissipation.
          why: ""
        - id: OFXUFSLYV
          text: (1) sublimation; (2) cloud dissipation.
          why: ""
        - id: O5D9GVLCH
          text: (1) condensation; (2) cloud formation.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: qbv7TcsX
      templateId: QMZYZTMZ
      seed: x0uhMXod
      type: multiple-choice
      question: "Define adiabatic cooling:"
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OKIICUGR4
      options:
        - id: OWYRTRWBE
          text: The most important factor in adiabatic cooling is the outside air
            temperature.
          why: ""
        - id: OJQSYXEL6
          text: Adiabatic cooling occurs only when certain atmospheric conditions are
            achieved, such as high relative humidity.
          why: ""
        - id: OKIICUGR4
          text: Air cools by expanding due to lower ambient pressure without any heat
            transfer.
          why: ""
        - id: OOOBJLUXC
          text: Air cools by compressing due to lower ambient pressure without any heat
            transfer.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: qai8R0UI
      templateId: QNBSFTUB
      seed: XR9yUROK
      type: multiple-choice
      question: Saturation of the air by water vapour occurs when the..
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OG2EQNJEX
      options:
        - id: OXE5UYT7J
          text: temperature falls due to the latent heat of condensation.
          why: ""
        - id: OFJEKBEQG
          text: mixing ratio is increasing during lifting of the air parcel.
          why: ""
        - id: OIVCMASTE
          text: air density increases during lifting of the air parcel.
          why: ""
        - id: OG2EQNJEX
          text: maximum water-vapour capacity has been reached.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: tbaGd64c
      templateId: QBKI2UCZT
      seed: wftcbc2a
      type: multiple-choice
      question: >-
        Refer to figure.


        Which of the following atmospheric conditions would reduce or prevent
        turbulence in that area?
      annexes:
        - /content/atpl/media/A5HPCULAW.jpg
      correctOptionId: OEIZLA2BH
      options:
        - id: OEIZLA2BH
          text: Atmospheric stability, with an Environmental Lapse Rate (ELR) less than
            the Saturated Adiabatic Lapse Rate (SALR).
          why: ""
        - id: O9IHFYSX0
          text: Atmospheric stability, with an Environmental Lapse Rate (ELR) greater than
            the Saturated Adiabatic Lapse Rate (SALR).
          why: ""
        - id: O7GJGXX6L
          text: Atmospheric instability, with an Environmental Lapse Rate (ELR) greater
            than the Dry Adiabatic Lapse Rate (DALR).
          why: ""
        - id: OAWJQVVKB
          text: Atmospheric instability, with an Environmental Lapse Rate (ELR) less than
            the Dry Adiabatic Lapse Rate (DALR).
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: dTYbfDo5
      templateId: QXFYAULO
      seed: dc3r25lD
      type: multiple-choice
      question: When the temperature is at (1) \_\_\_\_\_ and the water vapour changes
        from (2) \_\_\_\_\_ the process is called (3) \_\_\_\_\_.
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OXMPGGJH8
      options:
        - id: OOMPSHBRR
          text: (1) 10°C or below; (2) water to gas; (3) fusion.
          why: ""
        - id: OJYUN6ZTY
          text: (1) 10°C or below; (2) ice to water; (3) sublimation.
          why: ""
        - id: ORVANDBC1
          text: (1) 0°C or below; (2) water to ice; (3) deposition.
          why: ""
        - id: OXMPGGJH8
          text: (1) 0°C or below; (2) ice to gas; (3) sublimation.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: j0ek9LBx
      templateId: QA32IGZ1H
      seed: wJlqd8Rx
      type: multiple-choice
      question: "The decrease in temperature, per 100 meters, in a saturated rising
        parcel of air at lower level of the atmosphere is approximately:"
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OPX8QNKKT
      options:
        - id: OWWO12J44
          text: 0.35°C
          why: ""
        - id: O9NRGU1ZX
          text: 1°C
          why: ""
        - id: OPX8QNKKT
          text: 0.6°C
          why: ""
        - id: OORKB9MAG
          text: 1.5°C
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: IrBTBjLp
      templateId: QTFYKDSW
      seed: 6AT4nwJF
      type: multiple-choice
      question: In which of the following changes of state is latent heat released?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OIUKBECZT
      options:
        - id: OETRC2TVN
          text: Solid to liquid.
          why: ""
        - id: OCR1UMKJG
          text: Solid to gas.
          why: ""
        - id: OIUKBECZT
          text: Gas to liquid.
          why: ""
        - id: OFZADQ0UU
          text: Liquid to gas.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: Zhxau0Tp
      templateId: QCIEBBON
      seed: oXFYHxUE
      type: multiple-choice
      question: >-
        Which of the following statements are correct/incorrect?


        1) The actual temperature of an air mass is lower than the dew point
        temperature if the air mass is unsaturated.


        2) For a saturated air mass, the dew point temperature over ice is
        higher than the dew point temperature over water.
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: 27k9k7yD
      options:
        - id: rP50QfYZ
          text: One is incorrect, two is incorrect
          why: ""
        - id: 27k9k7yD
          text: One is incorrect, two is correct
          why: ""
        - id: 1xnEnhyR
          text: One is correct, two is incorrect
          why: ""
        - id: 2NmqJ1c6
          text: One is correct, two is correct
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: Q8Ab2wZb
      templateId: Q820YXLJI
      seed: WKg7nudq
      type: multiple-choice
      question: A parcel of air has a temperature of +10°C and a dew point of +8°C.
        Cooling the air below its dewpoint will cause which of the following
        processes to occur first?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OZHOSSDNT
      options:
        - id: OZHOSSDNT
          text: Condensation
          why: ""
        - id: O7QB9P2JC
          text: Sublimation
          why: ""
        - id: OTML8B7NJ
          text: Evaporation
          why: ""
        - id: OAXDPATS0
          text: Freezing
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: bwVolWDv
      templateId: QWTZEZEN
      seed: OW5Hg45N
      type: multiple-choice
      question: In an ascending unsaturated parcel of air..
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OCFSPDU1R
      options:
        - id: OCFSPDU1R
          text: the relative humidity increases.
          why: ""
        - id: OQTDSO0L0
          text: the mixing ratio decreases.
          why: ""
        - id: OVHHU8DPM
          text: the pressure remains constant.
          why: ""
        - id: OF0FRWWR1
          text: the temperature decreases at a constant rate of 0.65°C/100 m (2°C/1000
            ft).
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: 4z0BdF2r
      templateId: QXDPSR2UJ
      seed: 7jjOQ0xr
      type: multiple-choice
      question: By volume, what percentage of the air in the lower troposphere
        consists of water vapour?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OYGYTXWAC
      options:
        - id: OYGYTXWAC
          text: 0-5%
          why: ""
        - id: OHBEEIWYR
          text: 5-10%
          why: ""
        - id: OECWRSGRI
          text: 10-15%
          why: ""
        - id: OLSGZT0AY
          text: 20-30%
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: ob9blSZp
      templateId: QTNDMZGH
      seed: SGuDuxAs
      type: multiple-choice
      question: "The process by which water vapor is transformed directly into ice is
        known as:"
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OJ9PH9MDL
      options:
        - id: OJ9PH9MDL
          text: sublimation.
          why: ""
        - id: ONUVXTTNU
          text: super-cooling.
          why: ""
        - id: OHHU0NYKC
          text: supersaturation.
          why: ""
        - id: OAHWUZYVU
          text: radiation cooling.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: cTXIlJDt
      templateId: QROIQAVA
      seed: Li7cf1Re
      type: multiple-choice
      question: >-
        Given the following information, what is the approximate relative
        humidity of the air mass?


        Temperature: 15°C   
         Dew point: 10°C
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OQWNH9CNE
      options:
        - id: OQWNH9CNE
          text: 75%
          why: ""
        - id: O2JDWRABS
          text: 50%
          why: ""
        - id: OE8PVOLXN
          text: 95%
          why: ""
        - id: OCSTYDSKH
          text: 65%
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: NmVcqufG
      templateId: QDQRVFYQO
      seed: 7ZUC3nce
      type: multiple-choice
      question: The environmental lapse rate in the real atmosphere…
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: O6EDEVI29
      options:
        - id: ODWYLVOJ7
          text: has a fixed value of 0.65°C/100m.
          why: ""
        - id: OBOK5UYPI
          text: has a fixed value of 1°C/100m.
          why: ""
        - id: O6EDEVI29
          text: varies with time.
          why: ""
        - id: OZISMNZ22
          text: has a fixed value of 2°C/1000 ft.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: ILhKv9jE
      templateId: QACWYBCH
      seed: Gih0fx2n
      type: multiple-choice
      question: "Absolute instability exists whenever the environmental lapse rate:"
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: O0ZMZKIBJ
      options:
        - id: OTBHURUZY
          text: exceeds the saturated adiabatic lapse rate.
          why: ""
        - id: OAMFWLLA8
          text: is less than the saturated adiabatic lapse rate.
          why: ""
        - id: O5QHUJF6A
          text: is between the dry and saturated adiabatic lapse rate.
          why: ""
        - id: O0ZMZKIBJ
          text: exceeds the dry adiabatic lapse rate.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: hhilFjIz
      templateId: QRB6C7WQN
      seed: Jknx6q2j
      type: multiple-choice
      question: Which statement is true for a conditionally unstable layer?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: O16LUG0KQ
      options:
        - id: OXLTZ0ULD
          text: The environmental lapse rate is less than 0.65°C/100m.
          why: ""
        - id: O1YGMMPWN
          text: The environmental lapse rate is higher than 3°C/1000 ft.
          why: ""
        - id: O16LUG0KQ
          text: The environmental lapse rate is between the dry and the saturated
            adiabatic lapse rate.
          why: ""
        - id: O3V83WFVE
          text: The layer is unstable for unsaturated air.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: OcnP0ITx
      templateId: QHZZALNCW
      seed: tXgmn5AC
      type: multiple-choice
      question: "Rising air cools because:"
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OW3IDZQC6
      options:
        - id: ODAZDYBRM
          text: it contracts.
          why: ""
        - id: OZYEJIQ0V
          text: surrounding air is cooler at higher levels.
          why: ""
        - id: OW3IDZQC6
          text: it expands.
          why: ""
        - id: O59ATVVZN
          text: it becomes more moist.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: 6Is4lVg9
      templateId: QZYOXE3NC
      seed: amIq3nzh
      type: multiple-choice
      question: "Air temperature is 18°C and the DEW point is 12°C. Determine the
        relative humidity:"
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OEVXWL3IW
      options:
        - id: OEVXWL3IW
          text: 70%
          why: ""
        - id: OOQ54CY0X
          text: 66%
          why: ""
        - id: OQL1CJEWB
          text: 33%
          why: ""
        - id: OEQY5MBRE
          text: 80%
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: LpzxkrWv
      templateId: QSPAXUGZL
      seed: 7TQOWtAg
      type: multiple-choice
      question: Which term applies when the temperature of the air changes by
        compression or expansion with no heat added or removed?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OVES9RXHS
      options:
        - id: OVES9RXHS
          text: Adiabatic
          why: ""
        - id: OFECODJZF
          text: Katabatic
          why: ""
        - id: OMVNKW95C
          text: Atmospheric
          why: ""
        - id: ODASYBGRE
          text: Advection
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: vN40OFkv
      templateId: QV21OICFD
      seed: 6E7JP1au
      type: multiple-choice
      question: "Good visibility in the lower levels may be expected when:"
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OOVOXAO85
      options:
        - id: OOVOXAO85
          text: cool dry air is moving over a warmer surface.
          why: ""
        - id: O0EH35SXF
          text: the atmospheric pressure is low.
          why: ""
        - id: OV19YQPCJ
          text: warm air is moving over a cold surface.
          why: ""
        - id: ONNR97EHG
          text: the air temperature is low.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: wWSP2tI6
      templateId: QOARPEBD
      seed: wcx6SYeG
      type: multiple-choice
      question: Which of the following changes of state is known as condensation?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OAIEZEXAL
      options:
        - id: OAIEZEXAL
          text: Gas to liquid
          why: ""
        - id: O4UM4T77Q
          text: Liquid to solid
          why: ""
        - id: OWNVCSSBG
          text: Liquid to gas
          why: ""
        - id: OK4MA1VKL
          text: Gas to solid
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: goE3Ts1D
      templateId: QQUCBNN35
      seed: DmvIgn3S
      type: multiple-choice
      question: Which statement concerning volume and temperature of an ascending
        parcel of air is correct?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OIKWX8HE1
      options:
        - id: OU34K2XMJ
          text: The volume decreases and the temperature decreases.
          why: ""
        - id: OYIF5ERPS
          text: The volume increases while the temperature remains constant.
          why: ""
        - id: OIKWX8HE1
          text: The volume increases while the temperature decreases.
          why: ""
        - id: OWOCVD0AF
          text: The volume remains constant while the temperature decreases.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: 1hr61nzV
      templateId: QVWADGFG
      seed: bOVvu5Wx
      type: multiple-choice
      question: "The rate of cooling of ascending saturated air is less than the rate
        of cooling of ascending unsaturated air because:"
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: O1H4MDBPN
      options:
        - id: OY4GVW6AQ
          text: water vapour absorbs the incoming heat from the sun
          why: ""
        - id: OJVV3FFEI
          text: water vapour doesn\`t cool as rapidly as dry air
          why: ""
        - id: OU0WU85ZL
          text: moist air is heavier than dry air
          why: ""
        - id: O1H4MDBPN
          text: heat is released during the condensation process
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: tDFqQ7U8
      templateId: QNFFMWVV
      seed: 3xzwcmOs
      type: multiple-choice
      question: The maximum amount of water vapour that the air can contain depends on
        the..
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OGYF6RDA0
      options:
        - id: OGYF6RDA0
          text: air temperature.
          why: ""
        - id: O4AF9YHB0
          text: relative humidity.
          why: ""
        - id: OKDADUXY0
          text: dew point.
          why: ""
        - id: O53WKJRIB
          text: stability of the air.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: 8iRum732
      templateId: QCIHLRZW
      seed: IIXbo1vV
      type: multiple-choice
      question: Which of the following changes of state is known as sublimation (in
        meteorology)?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OBYRFOD3W
      options:
        - id: OBYRFOD3W
          text: Solid direct to vapour
          why: ""
        - id: OY6WBXIII
          text: Liquid direct to vapour
          why: ""
        - id: OMP6IMTNJ
          text: Solid direct to liquid
          why: ""
        - id: OAYJG45YS
          text: Liquid direct to solid
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: 5lOE21qI
      templateId: QEPBZJZA
      seed: 9ecYfTv0
      type: multiple-choice
      question: Which of the following changes of state is known as evaporation?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: O3GMZNH8J
      options:
        - id: O3GMZNH8J
          text: Liquid to gas
          why: ""
        - id: ORRE2DQEF
          text: Liquid to solid
          why: ""
        - id: OKYJACWWK
          text: Gas to solid
          why: ""
        - id: OKN797C02
          text: Solid to liquid
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: u4ove7nn
      templateId: QDT3ZQBJK
      seed: zSULI7SL
      type: multiple-choice
      question: "Clouds, fog or dew will always be formed when:"
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OK5R1QA0Q
      options:
        - id: OTFNWBRZX
          text: relative humidity reaches 98%.
          why: ""
        - id: OYPBCDOU4
          text: temperature and dew point are nearly equal.
          why: ""
        - id: O3XDQG5WI
          text: water vapour is present.
          why: ""
        - id: OK5R1QA0Q
          text: water vapour condenses.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: DnAxVbFr
      templateId: QAGFTPPWV
      seed: Qod6HbkK
      type: multiple-choice
      question: In an isothermal layer the state of the atmosphere is..
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: O3V9WLVGW
      options:
        - id: O3V9WLVGW
          text: absolutely stable.
          why: ""
        - id: OG7ST8DLS
          text: neutral.
          why: ""
        - id: O9VZZEEFZ
          text: conditionally unstable.
          why: ""
        - id: O64TEHUIJ
          text: absolutely unstable.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: vmHL14sp
      templateId: Q40AMG5EF
      seed: 819AqHRr
      type: multiple-choice
      question: Amongst others, what has to be expected when a warm air mass covers a
        cold surface?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OOCIN6F3D
      options:
        - id: OVEYDFOPS
          text: Development of a cold air drop.
          why: ""
        - id: O22JV7L9A
          text: Development of large cumulus clouds.
          why: ""
        - id: OOCIN6F3D
          text: Increasing stability of air layers near the surface.
          why: ""
        - id: ODLIG5QLS
          text: Development of an inversion at high level.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: yjlALLqE
      templateId: QYVP3NLQU
      seed: 2K4kyl0l
      type: multiple-choice
      question: "The vapour pressure is larger over:"
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OXPBTXZZW
      options:
        - id: OUG9PY2ZW
          text: Ice.
          why: ""
        - id: OXPBTXZZW
          text: Water.
          why: ""
        - id: ODWKCK7G4
          text: Land.
          why: ""
        - id: O9BWDXXTD
          text: Other solid surfaces.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: CWWIJvNK
      templateId: QPFRBQIR
      seed: AFg0po9I
      type: multiple-choice
      question: When a mass of unsaturated air descends, what effect will it have on
        relative humidity?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OHDAAG2RD
      options:
        - id: OHDAAG2RD
          text: It decreases.
          why: ""
        - id: O00MCAUZT
          text: It remains constant.
          why: ""
        - id: OW5BYTFTT
          text: It increases.
          why: ""
        - id: OTRV8UPU5
          text: It increases up to 100%, then remains stable.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: aAcQqPsp
      templateId: QBSVGXYMS
      seed: 7s8Hr0gW
      type: multiple-choice
      question: What happens to descending air?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OU4MQMWHG
      options:
        - id: OVHJB0DAV
          text: It is cooled due to compression.
          why: ""
        - id: OU4MQMWHG
          text: It is heated due to compression.
          why: ""
        - id: O8JJZ0C6B
          text: It is heated due to expansion.
          why: ""
        - id: OYFO84OPK
          text: It is cooled due to expansion.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: bo5RXbIR
      templateId: QBV2FDVBS
      seed: Q9BRP4Pj
      type: multiple-choice
      question: What do you understand by "Adiabatic Cooling"?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OPA0Q3V7W
      options:
        - id: OPA0Q3V7W
          text: When the pressure applied on a parcel of air is reduced, the air in the
            parcel is allowed to expand; as the volume increases, the
            temperature falls as its internal energy decreases.
          why: ""
        - id: ODVEN2SCY
          text: When the pressure applied on a parcel of air is increased, the air in the
            parcel is allowed to expand; as the volume increases, the
            temperature falls as its internal energy decreases.
          why: ""
        - id: OWK2VRPYZ
          text: When the pressure applied on a parcel of air is increased, the air in the
            parcel is allowed to expand; as the volume increases, the
            temperature increases as its internal energy decreases.
          why: ""
        - id: OQNSPHWGQ
          text: When the pressure applied on a parcel of air is reduced, the air in the
            parcel is allowed to expand; as the volume increases, the
            temperature increases as its internal energy decreases.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: 5JtI1Zj5
      templateId: Q5BWQGSNI
      seed: YZGu1uVB
      type: multiple-choice
      question: What’s needed to have absolute instability?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OXEVHV4PV
      options:
        - id: OULC4I4SX
          text: ELR > 0.6ºC/100 m
          why: ""
        - id: ONNVTMTAR
          text: DALR > 1º/100 m
          why: ""
        - id: OXEVHV4PV
          text: ELR > 1º/100 m
          why: ""
        - id: ODNYCDLJY
          text: ELR < 1º/100 m
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: qP2LapwJ
      templateId: QXUPUTDCU
      seed: EB3UWzj6
      type: multiple-choice
      question: What can be anticipated, among other effects, when a warm air mass
        overlies a cold surface?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OSBF54OFO
      options:
        - id: OADZT9RWA
          text: Development of cold air front.
          why: ""
        - id: OSBF54OFO
          text: "Development of stratiform clouds. "
          why: ""
        - id: OEZOFXMO9
          text: Increasing instability of air layers on the surface.
          why: ""
        - id: ORSYQURMV
          text: Development of an inversion at a high level.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: Up7nJANz
      templateId: QXRKXRZD
      seed: 4nyzln8G
      type: multiple-choice
      question: Absolute instability in the atmosphere will occur when the
        environmental lapse rate is
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OJVNREJIN
      options:
        - id: ONGVX3GVQ
          text: less than saturated adiabatic lapse rate
          why: ""
        - id: OJVNREJIN
          text: greater than both saturated adiabatic lapse rate and dry adiabatic lapse
            rate
          why: ""
        - id: OQUBFBYJM
          text: less than both saturated adiabatic lapse rate and dry adiabatic lapse rate
          why: ""
        - id: OKUET5VEE
          text: greater than saturated adiabatic lapse rate but less than dry adiabatic
            lapse rate
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: HIYOfoO5
      templateId: QCYAHRTJR
      seed: WphSUPgK
      type: multiple-choice
      question: In an unstable atmosphere, cumulus clouds are being formed. In
        comparison to the ground conditions, the relative humidity will be
        (1)\_\_\_\_\_ and the dew point temperature at the cloud base will be
        (2)\_\_\_\_\_.
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OAYI5WHAI
      options:
        - id: OBMYVT1Q7
          text: (1) higher; (2) remains constant.
          why: ""
        - id: OAYI5WHAI
          text: (1) higher; (2) lower.
          why: ""
        - id: OLFP5CWAE
          text: (1) lower; (2) remains constant.
          why: ""
        - id: ODIA0LN9R
          text: (1) lower; (2) higher.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: kKAU1iKL
      templateId: QSRHTFEIS
      seed: hLwPKTMe
      type: multiple-choice
      question: >-
        Refer to figure.   

        In region E, the air tends to become or remain non-turbulent because it
        is absolute (1) \_\_\_\_\_ and the (2) \_\_\_\_\_.


        DALR: Dry Adiabatic Lapse Rate.   

        ELR: Environmental Lapse Rate.   

        SALR: Saturated Adiabatic Lapse Rate.
      annexes:
        - /content/atpl/media/A4B6CBHFV.jpg
      correctOptionId: OMI3Z4QFV
      options:
        - id: OMI3Z4QFV
          text: (1) stable; (2) ELR is lower than SALR.
          why: ""
        - id: OPUDZ8IME
          text: (1) unstable; (2) ELR is lower than SALR.
          why: ""
        - id: O8WW5Y1WS
          text: (1) unstable; (2) ELR is greater than SALR.
          why: ""
        - id: OMYNLXUOU
          text: (1) stable; (2) ELR is greater than DALR.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: UWGQxtmu
      templateId: QDOVFSNH
      seed: RjBtyjTo
      type: multiple-choice
      question: The outside air temperature is +21°C and the dew point is +9°C.
        Calculate the approximate relative humidity (RH).
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OKYGPOQSM
      options:
        - id: O0MBID3XP
          text: 75%
          why: ""
        - id: OPSKNFBNS
          text: 60%
          why: ""
        - id: O8V9JZG9Y
          text: 70%
          why: ""
        - id: OKYGPOQSM
          text: 40%
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: ZxPvYDhT
      templateId: QOIYKSFVV
      seed: OsTZmHpN
      type: multiple-choice
      question: A mass of unsaturated air rises and forms a cumulus cloud. At the
        cloud base, the relative humidity will be (1)\_\_\_\_\_ and the dew
        point temperature will be (2)\_\_\_\_\_ compared to these values of the
        surface.
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: O0VSGAGDW
      options:
        - id: OAAUIYQCV
          text: "(1) higher, (2) lower. "
          why: ""
        - id: O8FSLUXYG
          text: "(1) lower, (2) the same. "
          why: ""
        - id: OGZ7WLIPP
          text: (1) lower, (2) lower.
          why: ""
        - id: O0VSGAGDW
          text: "(1) higher, (2) the same. "
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: wHjD3Jk5
      templateId: QAYQRSRU
      seed: t1yHHPDM
      type: multiple-choice
      question: "A super cooled droplet is:"
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OINOE42VC
      options:
        - id: ONKSKXQJM
          text: a water droplet that has been frozen during its descent.
          why: ""
        - id: OINOE42VC
          text: a droplet still in liquid state at a temperature below freezing.
          why: ""
        - id: ON4RUDZA0
          text: a water droplet that is mainly frozen.
          why: ""
        - id: O9ZR3OD4I
          text: a small particle of water at a temperature below -50°C.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: qlPojLKf
      templateId: QPYHOJAM
      seed: yRlPULkL
      type: multiple-choice
      question: The outside temperature is +30°C and the dew point is +21°C. Calculate
        the relative humidity?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OBQCTRVV5
      options:
        - id: OPJ3JPKZK
          text: 65%
          why: ""
        - id: OMROPOLAK
          text: 75%
          why: ""
        - id: OI926EJK0
          text: 45%
          why: ""
        - id: OBQCTRVV5
          text: 55%
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: ePvnQgST
      templateId: QCLMDEAR
      seed: RTX8KHtQ
      type: multiple-choice
      question: What is correct regarding the relationship between temperature and dew
        point?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OE7IJJHDB
      options:
        - id: OOQLW9NIH
          text: The dew point is NOT affected when air is cooled to below this temperature
            (the dew point), at a constant pressure.
          why: ""
        - id: OE7IJJHDB
          text: An increase in air temperature has NO effect on the dew point.
          why: ""
        - id: OBEC7ACRN
          text: The dew point varies inversely with the temperature at a constant
            pressure.
          why: ""
        - id: OHWMRROUH
          text: At a constant pressure, the dew point increases when the temperature
            increases.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: 2AZRyblw
      templateId: QWAFBCWU
      seed: fNa6b8Qx
      type: multiple-choice
      question: The maximum content of water vapour is 20 g/kg. What is the relative
        humidity if the actual content of water vapour is 15 g/kg?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: O9V1MJLR5
      options:
        - id: O9V1MJLR5
          text: 75%
          why: ""
        - id: OXR5OSEDG
          text: 25%
          why: ""
        - id: OSOE2QBEB
          text: 15%
          why: ""
        - id: ONAORECY7
          text: 80%
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: gI0KjhCp
      templateId: QEMDEKWT
      seed: JSU1vcqv
      type: multiple-choice
      question: What does dew point mean?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OBMZUF0YC
      options:
        - id: OHGNDQH9U
          text: The temperature at which ice melts.
          why: ""
        - id: OBMZUF0YC
          text: The temperature to which a mass of air must be cooled in order to reach
            saturation.
          why: ""
        - id: OX1VZZ978
          text: The freezing level (danger of icing).
          why: ""
        - id: OUFTK2QCI
          text: The temperature at which the relative humidity and saturation vapour
            pressure are the same.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: 3I5prHhX
      templateId: QSUMCYRZ
      seed: G9B5YRGU
      type: multiple-choice
      question: How does the amount of water vapour at saturation increase with an
        increase in temperature?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: ONXYCKHPJ
      options:
        - id: OFUDSSZYL
          text: Increases up to 30°C.
          why: ""
        - id: OMTCBYBQE
          text: Doubles every 5°C.
          why: ""
        - id: O57RU89AF
          text: Increases linearly between 10°C and 30°C.
          why: ""
        - id: ONXYCKHPJ
          text: Increases exponentially.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: Id7ouTQ7
      templateId: QSCLJECR
      seed: PqdUQQGS
      type: multiple-choice
      question: Which statement concerning volume and temperature of a descending
        parcel of air is correct?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OHPESWR2X
      options:
        - id: OQKON7AMJ
          text: The volume increases and the temperature increases.
          why: ""
        - id: OHFPSQ1YZ
          text: The volume increases while the temperature remains constant.
          why: ""
        - id: OP8WJJUCN
          text: The volume decreases and the temperature decreases.
          why: ""
        - id: OHPESWR2X
          text: The volume decreases while the temperature increases.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: QGkmcagc
      templateId: QHMGCSSN
      seed: vJUddyrZ
      type: multiple-choice
      question: "Relative humidity:"
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OCY3QPMB0
      options:
        - id: OCY3QPMB0
          text: increases if the air is cooled whilst maintaining the vapor pressure
            constant.
          why: ""
        - id: OZJEC3FGW
          text: is higher in cool air than in warm air.
          why: ""
        - id: ONDZOP0ET
          text: is higher in warm air than in cool air.
          why: ""
        - id: O5B4TXOHQ
          text: decreases if the air is cooled whilst maintaining the vapor pressure
            constant.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: NEBTtzAB
      templateId: QEMTAEQZ
      seed: LRK1pZxc
      type: multiple-choice
      question: A given volume of 1 m³ of air is saturated with water vapour. With
        decreasing air temperature the
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OK8VBIKNI
      options:
        - id: OWTMTOCTD
          text: vapour pressure will remain the same.
          why: ""
        - id: OTMPGVS7A
          text: relative humidity will increase.
          why: ""
        - id: OK8VBIKNI
          text: vapour pressure will decrease.
          why: ""
        - id: OXKCLCWYC
          text: relative humidity will decrease.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
    - questionId: P7tfevrs
      templateId: QZREVTZC
      seed: IPji7hqO
      type: multiple-choice
      question: In what way can the air temperature affect the dew point temperature?
      annexes: []
      correctOptionId: OGIVYF2GO
      options:
        - id: OJBAVFBBM
          text: Changes in the air temperature can alter the relative humidity in the free
            atmosphere, but have NO effect on the dew point.
          why: ""
        - id: OESYUO1GI
          text: When the air temperature rises, the air can hold more water vapour at the
            same pressure and therefore the dew point also rises.
          why: ""
        - id: O6IF25OM4
          text: The dew point temperature varies inversely with changes in the air
            temperature.
          why: ""
        - id: OGIVYF2GO
          text: When the air temperature falls below the dew point at a constant pressure
            in the atmosphere, the dew point also reduces.
          why: ""
      explanation: ""
  createdAtEpochMs: 1714402364271
  startedAtEpochMs: 1714402365861
  finishedAtEpochMs: null
  href: /modules/atpl/tests/rj0jGMyL/study