Frontend - Zoon

Basics

A Counter example:

use zoon::*;

#[static_ref]
fn counter() -> &'static Mutable<i32> {
    Mutable::new(0)
}

fn increment() {
    counter().update(|counter| counter + 1)
}

fn decrement() {
    counter().update(|counter| counter - 1)
}

fn root() -> impl Element {
    Column::new()
        .item(Button::new().label("-").on_press(decrement))
        .item(Text::with_signal(counter().signal()))
        .item(Button::new().label("+").on_press(increment))
}

fn main() {
    start_app("app", root);
}

The alternative Counter example with a local state:

use zoon::{*, println};

fn root() -> impl Element {
    println!("I'm different.");

    let (counter, counter_signal) = Mutable::new_and_signal(0);
    let on_press = move |step: i32| *counter.lock_mut() += step;

    Column::new()
        .item(Button::new().label("-").on_press(clone!((on_press) move || on_press(-1))))
        .item_signal(counter_signal)
        .item(Button::new().label("+").on_press(move || on_press(1)))
}

fn main() {
    start_app("app", root);
}

1. The App Initialization

The function main is invoked automatically.
Zoon's function start_app appends the element returned from the root function to the element with the id app.
- You can also pass the value None instead of "app" to mount directly to body but it's not recommended.
- When the root function is invoked (note: it's invoked only once), all elements are immediately created and rendered to the browser DOM. (It means, for instance, methods Column::new() or .item(..) writes to DOM.)
- Data stored in functions marked by the attribute #[static_ref] are lazily initialized on the first call.

2. Update

The user clicks the decrement button.
The function decrement is invoked.
counter's value is decremented.
counter has type Mutable => it sends its updated value to all associated signals.
The new counter value is received through a signal and the corresponding text is updated.
- In the original example, only the content of the Text element is changed.
- In the alternative examples, the counter value is automatically transformed to a new Text element.

Notes:

Read the excellent tutorial for Mutable and signals in the futures_signals crate.
zoon::* reimports most needed types and you can access some of Zoon's dependencies by zoon::[library] like zoon::futures_signals.
clone! is a type alias for enclose::enc.
static_ref, clone! and other things can be disabled or set by Zoon's features.

Elements

A Counter example part:

Button::new().label("-").on_press(decrement)

We'll look at the Button element code (crates/zoon/src/element/button.rs). Button is a native Zoon element.

You can create custom ones the same way or make similar ones but simpler - it always depends on your requirements.

There are three sections: Element, Abilities and Attributes in Button's code.

Element:

use crate::*; // `crate` == `zoon`
use std::{iter, marker::PhantomData};

// ------ ------
//    Element 
// ------ ------

make_flags!(Label, OnPress);

pub struct Button<LabelFlag, OnPressFlag, RE: RawEl> {
    raw_el: RE,
    flags: PhantomData<(LabelFlag, OnPressFlag)>,
}

impl Button<LabelFlagNotSet, OnPressFlagNotSet> {
    pub fn new() -> Self {
        run_once!(|| {
            global_styles()
                .style_group(
                    StyleGroup::new(".button > *")
                        .style("margin-top", "auto")
                        .style("margin-bottom", "auto"),
                )
                // ...
        });
        Self {
            raw_el: RawHtmlEl::<web_sys::HtmlDivElement>::new("div")
                .class("button")
                .attr("role", "button")
                .attr("tabindex", "0")
                .style("cursor", "pointer")
                // ...
            flags: PhantomData,
        }
    }
}

impl<OnPressFlag, RE: RawEl> Element for Button<LabelFlagSet, OnPressFlag, RE> {
    fn into_raw_element(self) -> RawElement {
        self.raw_el.into()
    }
}

impl<LabelFlag, OnPressFlag, RE: RawEl> IntoIterator for Button<LabelFlag, OnPressFlag, RE> {
    // ...
}

impl<LabelFlag, OnPressFlag, RE: RawEl> RawElWrapper for Button<LabelFlag, OnPressFlag, RE> {
    type RawEl = RE;

    fn update_raw_el(mut self, updater: impl FnOnce(Self::RawEl) -> Self::RawEl) -> Self {
        self.raw_el = updater(self.raw_el);
        self
    }
}

The element has to implement the trait Element.
It's strongly recommended to implement RawElWrapper and IntoIterator to allow users to customize the element and use its abilities and to use some Zoon helpers.
RawHtmlEl::style automatically adds vendor prefixes for CSS property names and values where required. E.g. "user-select" will be replaced with "-webkit-user-select" on Safari and browsers on iOS.
make_flags!, run_once and global_styles will be explained later.

Abilities:

// ------ ------
//   Abilities
// ------ ------

impl<LabelFlag, OnPressFlag, RE: RawEl> Styleable<'_> for Button<LabelFlag, OnPressFlag, RE> {}
impl<LabelFlag, OnPressFlag, RE: RawEl> KeyboardEventAware for Button<LabelFlag, OnPressFlag, RE> {}
// ...

Abilities are traits where all functions have a default implementation. Only elements should implement abilities. Example: When you implement Styleable for your element, then users can call the .s(...) method on your element:

MyElement::new().s(Padding::new().all(6))

You can find all built-in abilities in crates/zoon/src/element/ability.rs. The Styleable ability implementation:

pub trait Styleable<'a>: RawElWrapper + Sized {
    fn s(self, style: impl Style<'a>) -> Self {
        self.update_raw_el(|raw_el| {
            raw_el.style_group(style.merge_with_group(StyleGroup::default()))
        })
    }
}

Attributes:

// ------ ------
//  Attributes
// ------ ------

impl<'a, LabelFlag, OnPressFlag, RE: RawEl> Button<LabelFlag, OnPressFlag, RE> {
    pub fn label(
        mut self,
        label: impl IntoElement<'a> + 'a,
    ) -> Button<LabelFlagSet, OnPressFlag, RE>
    where
        LabelFlag: FlagNotSet,
    {
        self.raw_el = self.raw_el.child(label);
        self.into_type()
    }
    // ...

Note: Attribute implementations look a bit verbose because of long types and generics but it's a trade-off for the user comfort and safety. Also we will improve it as soon as stable Rust has better support for const generics and other things.

--

make_flags!(Label, OnPress); generates code like:

struct LabelFlagSet;
struct LabelFlagNotSet;
impl zoon::FlagSet for LabelFlagSet {}
impl zoon::FlagNotSet for LabelFlagNotSet {}

struct OnPressFlagSet;
struct OnPressFlagNotSet;
impl zoon::FlagSet for OnPressFlagSet {}
impl zoon::FlagNotSet for OnPressFlagNotSet {}

The only purpose of flags is to enforce extra rules by the Rust compiler.

The compiler doesn't allow to call label or label_signal if the label is already set. The same rule applies for on_press handler.

Button::new()
    .label("-")
    .label("+")

fails with

error[E0277]: the trait bound `LabelFlagSet: FlagNotSet` is not satisfied
  --> frontend\src\lib.rs:20:14
   |
20 |.label("+"))
   | ^^^^^ the trait `FlagNotSet` is not implemented for `LabelFlagSet`

Lifecycle Hooks

Canvas example parts:

use zoon::{web_sys::{CanvasRenderingContext2d, HtmlCanvasElement}, /*...*/ };

#[static_ref]
fn canvas_context() -> &'static Mutable<Option<SendWrapper<CanvasRenderingContext2d>>> {
    Mutable::new(None)
}

fn set_canvas_context(canvas: HtmlCanvasElement) {
    let ctx = canvas
        .get_context("2d")
        .unwrap_throw()
        .unwrap_throw()
        .unchecked_into::<CanvasRenderingContext2d>();
    canvas_context().set(Some(SendWrapper::new(ctx)));
    paint_canvas();
}

fn remove_canvas_context() {
    canvas_context().take();
}

fn canvas() -> impl Element {
    Canvas::new()
        .width(300)
        .height(300)
        .after_insert(set_canvas_context)
        .after_remove(|_| remove_canvas_context())
}

You can call methods (hooks) after_insert and after_remove on all elements implementing the ability HookableLifecycle.
Hooks allow you to access the DOM node directly through their function argument. The code calling native DOM APIs may become quite verbose but you have the full power of the crate web_sys under your hands.
SendWrapper allows you to store non-Send types (e.g. web_sys elements) to statics.
- Note: The API will be probably revisited once Wasm fully supports multithreading. One idea is to introduce lightweight actors as an alternative to #[static_ref] functions.

The HookableLifecycle ability / trait:

pub trait HookableLifecycle: RawElWrapper + Sized {
    fn after_insert(
        self,
        handler: impl FnOnce(<Self::RawEl as RawEl>::DomElement) + 'static,
    ) -> Self {
        self.update_raw_el(|raw_el| raw_el.after_insert(handler))
    }

    fn after_remove(
        self,
        handler: impl FnOnce(<Self::RawEl as RawEl>::DomElement) + 'static,
    ) -> Self {
        self.update_raw_el(|raw_el| raw_el.after_remove(handler))
    }
}

and its implementation for Canvas:

impl<WidthFlag, HeightFlag, RE: RawEl> HookableLifecycle for Canvas<WidthFlag, HeightFlag, RE> {}

DomElement is one of the web_sys / DOM elements. It's web_sys::HtmlCanvasElement in this case (as defined in crates/zoon/src/element/canvas.rs).
NOTE: HookableLifecycle is now automatically implemented for all items implementing RawElWrapper.

Styles

A TodoMVC example part:

fn new_todo_title() -> impl Element {
    TextInput::new()
        .s(Padding::new().y(19).left(60).right(16))
        .s(Font::new().size(24).color(hsluv!(0, 0, 32.7)))
        .s(Background::new().color(hsluv!(0, 0, 0, 0.3)))
        .s(Shadows::new([Shadow::new()
            .inner()
            .y(-2)
            .blur(1)
            .color(hsluv!(0, 0, 0, 3))]))
        .focus(true)
        .on_change(super::set_new_todo_title)
        .label_hidden("What needs to be done?")
        .placeholder(
            Placeholder::new("What needs to be done?")
                .s(Font::new().italic().color(hsluv!(0, 0, 91.3))),
        )
        .on_key_down_event(|event| event.if_key(Key::Enter, super::add_todo))
        .text_signal(super::new_todo_title().signal_cloned())
}

CSS concepts / events like focus, hover and breakpoints are handled directly by Rust / Zoon elements.
There is no such thing as CSS margins or selectors in Zoon element APIs. Padding and declarative layout (columns, rows, nearby elements, spacing, etc.) are more natural alternatives.

Global styles

A Paragraph element part:

impl ChoosableTag for Paragraph<EmptyFlagSet, RawHtmlEl<web_sys::HtmlElement>> {
    fn with_tag(tag: Tag) -> Self {
        run_once!(|| {
            global_styles()
                .style_group(StyleGroup::new(".paragraph > *").style_important("display", "inline"))
                .style_group(StyleGroup::new(".paragraph > .align_left").style("float", "left"))
                .style_group(StyleGroup::new(".paragraph > .align_right").style("float", "right"));
        });
        Self {
            raw_el: RawHtmlEl::new(tag.as_str()).class("paragraph"),
            flags: PhantomData,
        }
    }
}

run_once! is a Zoon's macro leveraging std::sync::Once.
global_styles() returns &'static GlobalStyles with two public methods: style_group and style_group_droppable.
Global styles are stored in one dedicated <style> element appended to the <head>.
StyleGroup selector and styles are validated in the runtime - invalid ones trigger panic!.
Vendor prefixes are automatically attached to CSS property names and values when needed.

Raw element styles

fn element_with_raw_styles() -> impl Element {
    El::new().update_raw_el(|raw_el| {
        raw_el
            .style("cursor", "pointer")
            .style_group(
                StyleGroup::new(":hover .icon")
                    .style("display", "block")
            )
    })
}

raw_el is either RawHtmlEl or RawSvgEl with many useful methods including style and style_group.
StyleGroup selector is prefixed by a unique element class id - e.g. ._13:hover .icon.
StyleGroups are stored among the global styles and dropped when the associated element is removed from the DOM.

Animated styles

Note: Zoon Animation API is in development but you can use Transitions as a less powerful alternative (Transitions are Rust wrappers for CSS transition, explained below).

fn sidebar() -> impl Element {
    Column::new()
        .s(Width::exact_signal(sidebar_expanded().signal().map_bool(|| 180, || 48)))
        .s(Transitions::new([Transition::width().duration(500)]))
        .s(Clip::both())
        .item(toggle_button())
        .item(menu())
}

Use Transitions with an iterator of Transition to create basic animations.
There are some typed properties like Transition::width() and ::height(), but you can use also ::all() and custom property names with ::property("font-size").
Let us know when you want to add another typed property. The list of supported properties.

Color

UPDATE:

You can use:

hsluv!(0, 0, 32.7)
"#edc8f5"
"Black"
color!("oklch(0.6 0.182 350.53 / .7")
oklch().l(0.6).c(0.182).h(350.53).a(1)

and other color formats while calling methods like Font::new().color(..). See /crates/zoon/src/css_color/into_color.rs for more info.

Definitions wrapped in the color! macro are heavily recommended because they are parsed during compilation.

.s(Font::new().size(24).color(hsluv!(0, 0, 32.7)))

.s(Font::new().size(30).center().color_signal(
    hovered_signal.map_bool(|| hsluv!(10.5, 37.7, 48.8), || hsluv!(12.2, 34.7, 68.2)),
))

.s(Background::new().color(hsluv!(0, 0, 0, 0.3)))

.s(Shadows::new([
    Shadow::new().inner().y(-2).blur(1).color(hsluv!(0, 0, 0, 3))
]))

.s(Borders::new().top(Border::new().color(hsluv!(0, 0, 91.3))))

The most commonly used color code systems are:

HEX - #ffff00,
RGB - rgb(255, 255, 0)
HSL - hsl(60, 100%, 50%)

_

However, when you want to:

create color palettes and themes
make sure the button is slightly lighter or darker on hover
make the text more readable

you often need to set saturation and lightness directly. Also it's nice to identify the hue on the first look when you are reading the code. These two conditions basically renders HEX and RGB unusable.

_

But there is also a problem with HSL. Let's compare these two colors:

Are we sure they have the same lightness 50%? I don't think so. The human eye perceives yellow as brighter than blue. Fortunately there is a color system that takes into account this perception: HSLuv.

That's why Zoon uses only HSLuv, represented in the code as hsluv!(h, s, l) or hsluv!(h, s, l, a), where:

h ; hue ; 0 - 360
s ; saturation ; 0 - 100
l ; lightness ; 0 - 100
a ; alpha channel / opacity ; 0 (transparent) - 100 (opaque)

The macro hsluv! creates an HSLuv instance and all color components are checked during compilation.

Notes/Update: There is a new color system - OKLCH. It's similar to HSLuv but it should be a bit better. Also a color palette generator together with system-agnostic API could be introduced into Zoon in the nearer future. See the related issue.

Other examples why color theory and design in general are difficult

The human eye recognizes differences between lighter tones better than between darker tones. This fact is important for creating color palettes.
Too extreme contrast weakens reading stamina - you shouldn't use pure black and white too often (unless you are creating a special theme for low vision users).
Relatively many people are at least slightly color blind. It means, for example:
- Red "Stop button" has to have also a text label.
- Do you want to show different routes on the map? Use different line styles (e.g. dashed, dottted) instead of different colors.
- The guy over there maybe doesn't know his T-shirt isn't gray but pink. (It's a typical issue for deutan color blindness; ~5% of men.)
- Pick colors and labels for charts carefully - some charts could become useless for color blind people or when you decide to print them in a gray-scale mode. (HSLuv mode can help here a bit because you can pick colors with different lightness values.)

Size

Units

CSS supports cm, mm, in, px, pt, pc, em, ex, ch, rem, vw, vh, vmin, vmax and %. I'm sure there were reasons for each of them, but let's just use px. Zoon may transform pixels to relative CSS units like rem or do other computations under the hood to improve accessibility.

Viewport

The Viewport example parts:

#[static_ref]
fn viewport_y() -> &'static Mutable<i32> {
    Mutable::new(0)
}

fn jump_to_top() {
    viewport_y().set(0);
}

fn jump_to_bottom() {
    viewport_y().set(i32::MAX);
}

fn on_viewport_change(_scene: Scene, viewport: Viewport) {
    viewport_y().set(viewport.y());
    // ...
}

fn rectangles() -> impl Element {
    Column::new()
        // ...
        .on_viewport_location_change(on_viewport_change)
        .viewport_y_signal(viewport_y().signal())
        .items(iter::repeat_with(rectangle).take(5))
}

The concept of Scene + Viewport has been "stolen" from the Elm world. Just like the picture below. You can find them in Elm docs.

Scene is the part of an element that contains other elements.
Viewport represents the part of the Scene currently visible by the user. It could be used for scrolling/jumping and to help with writing responsive elements.
You can set the Viewport location in elements that implement the MutableViewport ability (e.g. Row, Column or El).
Notes:
- Viewport's x and y may be negative while the user is scrolling on the phone.
- x and y are automatically clamped. So you can write things like viewport_y().set(i32::MAX) and don't be afraid the viewport will be moved outside of the scene.

Built-in libraries / API

Connection + Task

UpMsg are sent from Zoon to Moon. DownMsg in the opposite direction.
UpMsg could be buffered when the Moon server is offline. And DownMsg when the Zoon client is automatically reconnecting.
UpMsg are sent in a short-lived fetch request, DownMsg are sent in a server-sent event to provide real-time communication.
A correlation id is automatically generated and sent to the Moon with each request. Moon can send it back with the next DownMsg or send a new CorId. You can also send an auth token together with the UpMsg.
A session id is automatically generated when the Connection is created. Then it's sent with each UpMsg. You can use it to simulate standard request-response mechanism.
Task::start or Task::start_droppable spawn the given Future. (Note: Multithreading isn't supported yet.)
See examples/chat for the entire code.

#[static_ref]
fn connection() -> &'static Connection<UpMsg, DownMsg> {
    Connection::new(|DownMsg::MessageReceived(message), _cor_id| {
        messages().lock_mut().push_cloned(message);
        jump_to_bottom();
    })
    // .auth_token_getter(|| AuthToken::new("my_auth_token"))
}

fn send_message() {
    Task::start(async {
        let result = connection()
            .send_up_msg(UpMsg::SendMessage(Message {
                username: username().get_cloned(),
                text: new_message_text().take(),
            }))
            .await;
        match result {
            Ok(cor_id) => println!("Correlation id: {}", cor_id),
            Err(error) => eprintln!("Failed to send message: {:?}", error),
        }
    });
}

Timer

Could be used as a timeout or stopwatch (to set an interval between callback calls).
Timer has methods new, new_immediate, once and sleep (async).
Timer is stopped on drop.
See examples/timer for the entire code.

#[static_ref]
fn timeout() -> &'static Mutable<Option<Timer>> {
    Mutable::new(None)
}

fn timeout_enabled() -> impl Signal<Item = bool> {
    timeout().signal_ref(Option::is_some)
}

fn start_timeout() {
    timeout().set(Some(Timer::once(2_000, stop_timeout)));
}

fn stop_timeout() {
    timeout().take();
}

fn sleep_panel() -> impl Element {
    let (asleep, asleep_signal) = Mutable::new_and_signal(false);
    let sleep = move || {
        Task::start(async move {
            asleep.set_neq(true);
            Timer::sleep(2_000).await;
            asleep.set_neq(false);
        })
    };
    Row::new()
        .s(Gap::both(20))
        .item("2s Async Sleep")
        .item_signal(asleep_signal.map_bool(
            || El::new().child("zZZ...").left_either(),
            move || start_button(sleep.clone()).right_either(),
        ))
}

Routing

You just need the struct Router and the route macro to implement basic routing in your app.
The callback passed into Router::new is called when the url has been changed.
#[route("segment_a", "segment_b")] will be transformed to the url "/segment_a/segment_b".
Dynamic route segments (aka parameters / arguments) have to implement the trait RouteSegment (see the code below for an example). It has been already implemented for basic items like f64 or String.
Dynamic segment names have to match to the associated enum variant fields. Notice frequency in this snippet:
```
#[route("report", frequency)]
Report { frequency: report_page::Frequency },
```
Urls are automatically encoded and decoded (see encodeURIComponent() on MDN for more info).
There are helpers like routing::back, routing::url, Router::go and Router::replace.

Routes are matched against the incoming url path from the first one to the last one. The example of the generated code for matching the route #[route("report", frequency)]:

fn route_0_from_route_segments(segments: &[String]) -> Option<Self> {
    if segments.len() != 2 { None? }
    if segments[0] != "report" { None? }
    Some(Self::ReportWithFrequency {
        frequency: RouteSegment::from_string_segment(&segments[1])?
    })
}

The simplified part of the examples/pages below. See the original code to learn how to write "guards", redirect after login, etc.

// ------ router ------

#[static_ref]
pub fn router() -> &'static Router<Route> {
    Router::new(|route| async { match route { 
        Some(Route::Report { frequency }) => {
            app::set_page_id(PageId::Report);
            report_page::set_frequency(frequency);
        }
        Some(Route::Calc { operand_a, operator, operand_b }) => {
            app::set_page_id(PageId::Calc);
            calc_page::set_expression(
                calc_page::Expression::new(operand_a, operator, operand_b)
            );
        }
        Some(Route::Root) => {
            app::set_page_id(PageId::Home);
        }
        None => {
            app::set_page_id(PageId::Unknown);
        }
    }})
}

// ------ Route ------

#[route]
pub enum Route {
    #[route("report", frequency)]
    Report { frequency: report_page::Frequency },

    #[route("calc", operand_a, operator, operand_b)]
    Calc {
        operand_a: f64,
        operator: String,
        operand_b: f64,
    },

    #[route()]
    Root,
}

//...

impl RouteSegment for Frequency {
    fn from_string_segment(segment: &str) -> Option<Self> {
        match segment {
            DAILY => Some(Frequency::Daily),
            WEEKLY => Some(Frequency::Weekly),
            _ => None,
        }
    }

    fn into_string_segment(self) -> Cow<'static, str> {
        self.as_str().into()
    }
}

--

Link handling

All urls starting with / are treated as internal. It means when you click the link like

<a href="/something">I'm a link with an internal url</a>

then the click event will be in most cases fully handled by the Zoon to prevent browser tab reloading.

Exceptions when the link click isn't intercepted even if its href starts with /:

The link has the download attribute.
The link has the target attribute with the value _blank.
The user holds the key ctrl, meta or shift while clicking.
The user hasn't clicked by the primary button (left button for right-handed).

LocalStorage & SessionStorage

static STORAGE_KEY: &str = "todomvc-zoon";

#[derive(Deserialize, Serialize)]
#[serde(crate = "serde")]
struct Todo {
    id: TodoId,
    title: Mutable<String>,
    completed: Mutable<bool>,
    #[serde(skip)]
    edited_title: Mutable<Option<String>>,
}

pub fn load_todos() {
    if let Some(Ok(todos)) = local_storage().get(STORAGE_KEY) {
        replace_todos(todos);
        println!("Todos loaded");
    }
}

fn save_todos() {
    if let Err(error) = local_storage().insert(STORAGE_KEY, todos()) {
        eprintln!("Saving todos failed: {:?}", error);
    }
}

All items implementing serde / serde-lite's Deserialize and Serialize can be stored in the local or session storage.
#[serde(crate = "serde")] is needed because Rust macros often doesn't work as expected when reimported (from zoon in this case).
See examples/todomvc or crates/zoon/src/web_storage.rs for more info.

SEO

When the request comes from a robot (e.g. Googlebot), then MoonZoon renders elements to a HTML string and sends it back to the robot. (It's basically a limited Server-Side Rendering / Dynamic Rendering.) [Not implemented yet]

You can configure the default page title, The Open Graph Metadata and other things in the Moon app.

async fn frontend() -> Frontend {
    Frontend::new().title("Chat example").append_to_head(
        "
        <style>
            html {
                background-color: black;
            }
        </style>",
    )
}

FAQ

"Why another frontend framework? Are you mad??"
- Because I have some problems with the existing ones. Some examples:
  Problems with existing frontend frameworks
  - I'm not brave enough to write apps and merge pull requests written in a dynamic language.
  - I'm tired of configuring Webpack-like bundlers and fixing bugs caused by incorrectly typed JS libraries to Typescript.
  - I want to share code between the client and server and I want good SEO and I don't want to switch context (language, ecosystem, best practices, etc.) while I'm writing both frontend and server.
  - I don't want to read the entire stackoverflow.com and MDN docs to find out why my image has incorrect size on the website.
  - I don't want to be afraid to refactor styles.
  - I don't want to write backend code instead of the frontend code just because the frontend is too slow.
  - Who have time and energy to properly learn, write and constantly think about accessibility and write unit tests that take into account weird things like null or undefined?
  - I'm tired of searching for missing semicolons and brackets in HTML and CSS when it silently fails in the runtime.
  - I don't want to choose a CSS framework, bundler, state manager, router, bundler plugins, CSS preprocessor plugins, test framework and debug their incompatibilities and learn new apis everytime I want to create a new web project.
  - Why the layout is broken on iPhone, the app crashes on Safari, it's slow on Chrome and scrollbars don't work on Windows?
  - I just want to send a message to a server. I don't want to handle retrying, set headers, set timeout, correctly serialize everything, handle errors by their numbers, constantly think about cookies, domains, protocols, XSS, CSRF, etc.
  - What about SEO?
  - Should I use standard routing, hash routing, query parameters, custom base paths? Is everything correctly encoded and decoded?
  - etc.
"How are we taking care of animations?" (by None on chat)
- The API for advanced animations is in development.
- Inspiration:
  - react-spring
  - Framer Motion
  - React UseGesture
  - elm-animator
  - "svelte has really good set of animation examples in their tutorial site. Incase it can help somehow [section 9 -11]" (by Ruman on chat)
  - rust-dominator/examples/animation
"Hey Martin, what about Seed?"
- Zoon and Seed have very different features and goals. I no longer actively maintain Seed.
"How do I get a standalone html+wasm output? I previously used Yew + Trunk." (by @Noir on chat)
```
mzoon build --release --frontend-dist netlify
```

Provide feedback

Saved searches

Use saved searches to filter your results more quickly

frontend.md

frontend.md

Frontend - Zoon

Basics

1. The App Initialization

2. Update

Elements

Lifecycle Hooks

Styles

Global styles

Raw element styles

Animated styles

Color

Size

Units

Font Size

Viewport

Built-in libraries / API

Connection + Task

Timer

Routing

LocalStorage & SessionStorage

SEO

FAQ

Files

frontend.md

Latest commit

History

frontend.md

File metadata and controls

Frontend - Zoon

Basics

1. The App Initialization

2. Update

Elements

Lifecycle Hooks

Styles

Global styles

Raw element styles

Animated styles

Color

Size

Units

Font Size

Viewport

Built-in libraries / API

Connection + Task

Timer

Routing

LocalStorage & SessionStorage

SEO

FAQ