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c-string-concatenation-best-practice.html
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c-string-concatenation-best-practice.html
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<h1 id="c-string-concatenation-best-practice">C# String Concatenation Best Practice</h1>
<p>Posted on Wed 18 June 2014 in <a href="http://www.emadmokhtar.com/category/dotnet.html">dotNet</a> <b>Read in 2 min.</b></p>
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<p>Once I’ve start to learn .NET and C# I heard about the difference
between string <strong>+ concatenation operator</strong> and <strong>StringBuilder</strong> class
in C# and how to use them and which on is better to perform string
concatenation, so I thought to give it a real benchmark and see the
results.</p>
<p>For benchmarking I’ll use <code>+ Operator</code>, <code>StringBuilde</code> class, and
<code>string.Concat()</code> method, so let’s start.</p>
<h1>Code:</h1>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kt">var</span> <span class="n">nameUsingPlus</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="s">"I will tell all of my friends about emadmokhtar.com today!"</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="kt">var</span> <span class="n">plusWatch</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">Stopwatch</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">StartNew</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="p"><</span> <span class="m">10000</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">++)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">nameUsingPlus</span> <span class="p">+=</span> <span class="s">" I will tell all of my friends about emadmokhtar.com today!"</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="n">plusWatch</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Stop</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="kt">var</span> <span class="n">nameConcatMethod</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="s">"I will tell all of my friends about emadmokhtar.com today!"</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="kt">var</span> <span class="n">concatMethodWatch</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">Stopwatch</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">StartNew</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="p"><</span> <span class="m">10000</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">++)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">nameConcatMethod</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Concat</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nameConcatMethod</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">" I will tell all of my friends about emadmokhtar.com today!"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="n">concatMethodWatch</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Stop</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="kt">var</span> <span class="n">nameStringBuilder</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="n">StringBuilder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"I will tell all of my friends about emadmokhtar.com today!"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="kt">var</span> <span class="n">stringBuilderWatch</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">Stopwatch</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">StartNew</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="p"><</span> <span class="m">1000000</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">++)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">nameStringBuilder</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">" I will tell all of my friends about emadmokhtar.com today!"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="kt">var</span> <span class="n">name</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nameStringBuilder</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ToString</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="n">stringBuilderWatch</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Stop</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="n">Console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">WriteLine</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Plus Oprator took {0}"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">plusWatch</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Elapsed</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Milliseconds</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">Console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">WriteLine</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"String.Concat() took {0}"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">concatMethodWatch</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Elapsed</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Milliseconds</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">Console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">WriteLine</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"StringBuilder took {0}"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">stringBuilderWatch</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Elapsed</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Milliseconds</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
<h1>Results:</h1>
<p><img alt="stringbench" src="http://www.emadmokhtar.com/images/stringbench1.png"></p>
<p>Please note in code I benchmarked <code>+ operator</code> and <code>String.Concat()</code>
method for 10000 times and <code>StringBuilder</code> for 1000000 times and
<code>StringBuilder</code> is still the most efficient way to concatenate strings
in C#.</p>
<h1>Explanation:</h1>
<p>String in .NET Framework is immutable so you can’t change String after
assign a value for it. When you use + Operator or String,Concat() to
concatunate two strings it’ll create a third string and assign the first
and second string values to it.</p>
<p>this line of code <code>string fullName = "Emad" + "Mokhtar";</code></p>
<p><img alt="string2" src="http://www.emadmokhtar.com/images/string2.png"></p>
<p>is equivalents to this code </p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kt">string</span> <span class="n">firstName</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="s">"Emad"</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="kt">string</span> <span class="n">lastName</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="s">"Mokhtar"</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="kt">string</span> <span class="n">fullName</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">firstName</span> <span class="p">+</span> <span class="n">lastName</span><span class="p">;</span>
</pre></div>
<p><img alt="string" src="http://www.emadmokhtar.com/images/string.png"></p>
<p>But when you use <strong>StringBuilder</strong> class C# compiler will take care of
memory allocations by using the same C/C++ characters array concept and
produce the string object once you call <code>ToString()</code> method.</p>
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