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ac8b.py
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/
ac8b.py
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from collections import OrderedDict
from andes.core.param import NumParam
from andes.core.var import Algeb
from andes.core.service import PostInitService
from andes.core.block import LagAntiWindup, Lag
from andes.core.block import Piecewise, PIDTrackAW
from andes.models.exciter.excbase import ExcBase, ExcBaseData, ExcVsum, ExcACSat
class AC8BData(ExcBaseData):
"""
AC8B data.
"""
def __init__(self):
ExcBaseData.__init__(self)
self.TR = NumParam(info='Sensing time constant',
tex_name='T_R',
default=0.01,
unit='p.u.',
)
self.kP = NumParam(info='PID proportional coeff.',
tex_name='k_P',
default=10,
vrange=(10, 500),
)
self.kI = NumParam(info='PID integrative coeff.',
tex_name='k_I',
default=10,
vrange=(10, 500),
)
self.kD = NumParam(info='PID direvative coeff.',
tex_name='k_D',
default=10,
vrange=(10, 500),
)
self.Td = NumParam(info='PID direvative time constant.',
tex_name='T_d',
default=0.2,
vrange=(0, 0.5),
)
self.VPMAX = NumParam(info='PID maximum limit',
tex_name=r'V_{PMAX}',
default=999,
unit='p.u.')
self.VPMIN = NumParam(info='PID minimum limit',
tex_name=r'V_{PMIN}',
default=-999,
unit='p.u.')
self.VRMAX = NumParam(info='Maximum regulator limit',
tex_name=r'V_{RMAX}',
default=7.3,
unit='p.u.',
vrange=(1, 10))
self.VRMIN = NumParam(info='Minimum regulator limit',
tex_name=r'V_{RMIN}',
default=1,
unit='p.u.',
vrange=(-1, 1.5))
self.VFEMAX = NumParam(info='Exciter field current limit',
tex_name=r'V_{FEMAX}',
default=999,
unit='p.u.')
self.VEMIN = NumParam(info='Minimum exciter voltage output',
tex_name=r'V_{EMIN}',
default=-999,
unit='p.u.')
self.TA = NumParam(info='Lag time constant in anti-windup lag',
tex_name='T_A',
default=0.04,
unit='p.u.',
)
self.KA = NumParam(info='Gain in anti-windup lag TF',
tex_name='K_A',
default=40,
unit='p.u.',
)
self.TE = NumParam(info='Exciter integrator time constant',
tex_name='T_E',
default=0.8,
unit='p.u.',
)
self.E1 = NumParam(info='First saturation point',
tex_name='E_1',
default=0.,
unit='p.u.',
)
self.SE1 = NumParam(info='Value at first saturation point',
tex_name=r'S_{E1}',
default=0.,
unit='p.u.',
)
self.E2 = NumParam(info='Second saturation point',
tex_name='E_2',
default=1.,
unit='p.u.',
)
self.SE2 = NumParam(info='Value at second saturation point',
tex_name=r'S_{E2}',
default=1.,
unit='p.u.',
)
self.KE = NumParam(info='Gain added to saturation',
tex_name='K_E',
default=1,
unit='p.u.',
)
self.KD = NumParam(default=0,
info='Ifd feedback gain',
tex_name='K_D',
vrange=(0, 1),
)
self.KC = NumParam(default=0.1,
info='Rectifier loading factor proportional to commutating reactance',
tex_name='K_C',
vrange=(0, 1),
)
class AC8BModel(ExcBase, ExcVsum, ExcACSat):
"""
Implementation of the AC8B model.
"""
def __init__(self, system, config):
ExcBase.__init__(self, system, config)
self.flags.nr_iter = True
self.config.add(OrderedDict((('ks', 2),
)))
self.config.add_extra('_help',
ks='Tracking gain for PID controller',
)
self.IN = Algeb(tex_name='I_N',
info='Input to FEX',
v_str='1',
v_iter='KC * XadIfd - INT_y * IN',
e_str='ue * (KC * XadIfd - INT_y * IN)',
diag_eps=True,
)
self.FEX = Piecewise(u=self.IN,
points=(0, 0.433, 0.75, 1),
funs=('1', '1 - 0.577*IN', 'sqrt(0.75 - IN ** 2)', '1.732*(1 - IN)', 0),
info='Piecewise function FEX',
)
self.FEX.y.v_str = '0.5'
self.FEX.y.v_iter = self.FEX.y.e_str
# control block begin
self.LG = Lag(self.v, T=self.TR, K=1,
info='Voltage transducer',
)
ExcVsum.__init__(self)
self.vref.v_str = 'v'
self.vi = Algeb(info='Total input voltages',
tex_name='V_i',
unit='p.u.',
e_str='ue * (-LG_y + vref + UEL + OEL + Vs - vi)',
v_str='-v + vref',
diag_eps=True,
)
# chekck y0
self.PID = PIDTrackAW(u=self.vi, kp=self.kP, ki=self.kI,
ks=self.config.ks,
kd=self.kD, Td=self.Td, x0='VFE / KA',
lower=self.VPMIN, upper=self.VPMAX,
tex_name='PID', info='PID', name='PID',
)
self.LA = LagAntiWindup(u=self.PID_y,
T=self.TA,
K=self.KA,
upper=self.VRMAX,
lower=self.VRMIN,
info=r'V_{R}, Anti-windup lag',
)
self.INTin = 'ue * (LA_y - VFE)'
ExcACSat.__init__(self)
self.vref0 = PostInitService(info='Initial reference voltage input',
tex_name='V_{ref0}',
v_str='v',
)
self.vout.e_str = 'ue * (FEX_y * INT_y - vout)'
class AC8B(AC8BData, AC8BModel):
"""
Exciter AC8B model.
Reference:
[1] PowerWorld, Exciter AC8B, [Online],
[2] NEPLAN, Exciters Models, [Online],
Available:
https://www.powerworld.com/WebHelp/Content/TransientModels_HTML/Exciter%20AC8B.htm
https://www.neplan.ch/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/Nep_EXCITERS1.pdf
"""
def __init__(self, system, config):
AC8BData.__init__(self)
AC8BModel.__init__(self, system, config)