inspection.ipynb

{
 "metadata": {
  "name": "",
  "signature": "sha256:32d269a9eb1a6cf723cd428185cf9a104fcc1481c1ca9f3a60e7182a0b48c68d"
 },
 "nbformat": 3,
 "nbformat_minor": 0,
 "worksheets": [
  {
   "cells": [
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "from __future__ import print_function, division\n",
      "\n",
      "%matplotlib inline\n",
      "\n",
      "import pandas as pd\n",
      "import thinkstats2\n",
      "import thinkplot"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [],
     "prompt_number": 1
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "# http://schools.nyc.gov/AboutUs/schools/data/classsize/classsize_2014_11_14.htm\n",
      "df = pd.read_excel('CityLevelDistributionSummaryPreliminary2015.xlsx', skiprows=6)\n",
      "df"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "html": [
        "<div style=\"max-height:1000px;max-width:1500px;overflow:auto;\">\n",
        "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
        "  <thead>\n",
        "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
        "      <th></th>\n",
        "      <th>GRADE LEVEL</th>\n",
        "      <th>PROGRAM TYPE</th>\n",
        "      <th>CORE SUBJECT \n",
        "(MS CORE and \n",
        "09-12 ONLY)</th>\n",
        "      <th>SERVICE CATEGORY\n",
        "(0K-08 ONLY)</th>\n",
        "      <th>CLASS SIZE</th>\n",
        "      <th>NUMBER OF CLASSES</th>\n",
        "      <th>NUMBER OF STUDENTS</th>\n",
        "      <th>PERCENT OF STUDENTS IN BOROUGH / PROGRAM / GRADE / SUBJECT</th>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "  </thead>\n",
        "  <tbody>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>0  </th>\n",
        "      <td>    0K</td>\n",
        "      <td> GEN ED / ICT / G&amp;T</td>\n",
        "      <td>              -</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td> &lt;15</td>\n",
        "      <td>  86</td>\n",
        "      <td>  1002</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.014110</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>1  </th>\n",
        "      <td>    0K</td>\n",
        "      <td> GEN ED / ICT / G&amp;T</td>\n",
        "      <td>              -</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  15</td>\n",
        "      <td>  29</td>\n",
        "      <td>   435</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.006126</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>2  </th>\n",
        "      <td>    0K</td>\n",
        "      <td> GEN ED / ICT / G&amp;T</td>\n",
        "      <td>              -</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  16</td>\n",
        "      <td>  35</td>\n",
        "      <td>   560</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.007886</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>3  </th>\n",
        "      <td>    0K</td>\n",
        "      <td> GEN ED / ICT / G&amp;T</td>\n",
        "      <td>              -</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  17</td>\n",
        "      <td>  59</td>\n",
        "      <td>  1003</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.014124</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>4  </th>\n",
        "      <td>    0K</td>\n",
        "      <td> GEN ED / ICT / G&amp;T</td>\n",
        "      <td>              -</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  18</td>\n",
        "      <td>  95</td>\n",
        "      <td>  1710</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.024080</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>5  </th>\n",
        "      <td>    0K</td>\n",
        "      <td> GEN ED / ICT / G&amp;T</td>\n",
        "      <td>              -</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  19</td>\n",
        "      <td>  98</td>\n",
        "      <td>  1862</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.026221</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>6  </th>\n",
        "      <td>    0K</td>\n",
        "      <td> GEN ED / ICT / G&amp;T</td>\n",
        "      <td>              -</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  20</td>\n",
        "      <td> 177</td>\n",
        "      <td>  3540</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.049851</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>7  </th>\n",
        "      <td>    0K</td>\n",
        "      <td> GEN ED / ICT / G&amp;T</td>\n",
        "      <td>              -</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  21</td>\n",
        "      <td> 232</td>\n",
        "      <td>  4872</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.068608</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>8  </th>\n",
        "      <td>    0K</td>\n",
        "      <td> GEN ED / ICT / G&amp;T</td>\n",
        "      <td>              -</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  22</td>\n",
        "      <td> 298</td>\n",
        "      <td>  6556</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.092322</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>9  </th>\n",
        "      <td>    0K</td>\n",
        "      <td> GEN ED / ICT / G&amp;T</td>\n",
        "      <td>              -</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  23</td>\n",
        "      <td> 364</td>\n",
        "      <td>  8372</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.117896</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>10 </th>\n",
        "      <td>    0K</td>\n",
        "      <td> GEN ED / ICT / G&amp;T</td>\n",
        "      <td>              -</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  24</td>\n",
        "      <td> 444</td>\n",
        "      <td> 10656</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.150059</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>11 </th>\n",
        "      <td>    0K</td>\n",
        "      <td> GEN ED / ICT / G&amp;T</td>\n",
        "      <td>              -</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  25</td>\n",
        "      <td> 865</td>\n",
        "      <td> 21625</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.304526</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>12 </th>\n",
        "      <td>    0K</td>\n",
        "      <td> GEN ED / ICT / G&amp;T</td>\n",
        "      <td>              -</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  26</td>\n",
        "      <td> 191</td>\n",
        "      <td>  4966</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.069932</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>13 </th>\n",
        "      <td>    0K</td>\n",
        "      <td> GEN ED / ICT / G&amp;T</td>\n",
        "      <td>              -</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  27</td>\n",
        "      <td>  68</td>\n",
        "      <td>  1836</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.025855</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>14 </th>\n",
        "      <td>    0K</td>\n",
        "      <td> GEN ED / ICT / G&amp;T</td>\n",
        "      <td>              -</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  28</td>\n",
        "      <td>  42</td>\n",
        "      <td>  1176</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.016561</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>15 </th>\n",
        "      <td>    0K</td>\n",
        "      <td> GEN ED / ICT / G&amp;T</td>\n",
        "      <td>              -</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  29</td>\n",
        "      <td>  10</td>\n",
        "      <td>   290</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.004084</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>16 </th>\n",
        "      <td>    0K</td>\n",
        "      <td> GEN ED / ICT / G&amp;T</td>\n",
        "      <td>              -</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  30</td>\n",
        "      <td>  12</td>\n",
        "      <td>   360</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.005070</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>17 </th>\n",
        "      <td>    0K</td>\n",
        "      <td> GEN ED / ICT / G&amp;T</td>\n",
        "      <td>              -</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  31</td>\n",
        "      <td>   3</td>\n",
        "      <td>    93</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.001310</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>18 </th>\n",
        "      <td>    0K</td>\n",
        "      <td> GEN ED / ICT / G&amp;T</td>\n",
        "      <td>              -</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  32</td>\n",
        "      <td>   1</td>\n",
        "      <td>    32</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.000451</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>19 </th>\n",
        "      <td>    0K</td>\n",
        "      <td> GEN ED / ICT / G&amp;T</td>\n",
        "      <td>              -</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  33</td>\n",
        "      <td>   2</td>\n",
        "      <td>    66</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.000929</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>20 </th>\n",
        "      <td>    01</td>\n",
        "      <td> GEN ED / ICT / G&amp;T</td>\n",
        "      <td>              -</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td> &lt;15</td>\n",
        "      <td>  46</td>\n",
        "      <td>   582</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.008027</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>21 </th>\n",
        "      <td>    01</td>\n",
        "      <td> GEN ED / ICT / G&amp;T</td>\n",
        "      <td>              -</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  15</td>\n",
        "      <td>  25</td>\n",
        "      <td>   375</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.005172</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>22 </th>\n",
        "      <td>    01</td>\n",
        "      <td> GEN ED / ICT / G&amp;T</td>\n",
        "      <td>              -</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  16</td>\n",
        "      <td>  37</td>\n",
        "      <td>   592</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.008165</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>23 </th>\n",
        "      <td>    01</td>\n",
        "      <td> GEN ED / ICT / G&amp;T</td>\n",
        "      <td>              -</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  17</td>\n",
        "      <td>  35</td>\n",
        "      <td>   595</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.008206</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>24 </th>\n",
        "      <td>    01</td>\n",
        "      <td> GEN ED / ICT / G&amp;T</td>\n",
        "      <td>              -</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  18</td>\n",
        "      <td>  41</td>\n",
        "      <td>   738</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.010178</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>25 </th>\n",
        "      <td>    01</td>\n",
        "      <td> GEN ED / ICT / G&amp;T</td>\n",
        "      <td>              -</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  19</td>\n",
        "      <td>  75</td>\n",
        "      <td>  1425</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.019653</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>26 </th>\n",
        "      <td>    01</td>\n",
        "      <td> GEN ED / ICT / G&amp;T</td>\n",
        "      <td>              -</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  20</td>\n",
        "      <td> 107</td>\n",
        "      <td>  2140</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.029514</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>27 </th>\n",
        "      <td>    01</td>\n",
        "      <td> GEN ED / ICT / G&amp;T</td>\n",
        "      <td>              -</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  21</td>\n",
        "      <td> 147</td>\n",
        "      <td>  3087</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.042575</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>28 </th>\n",
        "      <td>    01</td>\n",
        "      <td> GEN ED / ICT / G&amp;T</td>\n",
        "      <td>              -</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  22</td>\n",
        "      <td> 198</td>\n",
        "      <td>  4356</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.060077</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>29 </th>\n",
        "      <td>    01</td>\n",
        "      <td> GEN ED / ICT / G&amp;T</td>\n",
        "      <td>              -</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  23</td>\n",
        "      <td> 210</td>\n",
        "      <td>  4830</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.066614</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>...</th>\n",
        "      <td>...</td>\n",
        "      <td>...</td>\n",
        "      <td>...</td>\n",
        "      <td>...</td>\n",
        "      <td>...</td>\n",
        "      <td>...</td>\n",
        "      <td>...</td>\n",
        "      <td>...</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>474</th>\n",
        "      <td> 09-12</td>\n",
        "      <td>            SPEC ED</td>\n",
        "      <td>           Math</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  11</td>\n",
        "      <td>  55</td>\n",
        "      <td>   605</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.087719</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>475</th>\n",
        "      <td> 09-12</td>\n",
        "      <td>            SPEC ED</td>\n",
        "      <td>           Math</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  12</td>\n",
        "      <td>  52</td>\n",
        "      <td>   624</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.090474</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>476</th>\n",
        "      <td> 09-12</td>\n",
        "      <td>            SPEC ED</td>\n",
        "      <td>           Math</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  13</td>\n",
        "      <td>  67</td>\n",
        "      <td>   871</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.126287</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>477</th>\n",
        "      <td> 09-12</td>\n",
        "      <td>            SPEC ED</td>\n",
        "      <td>           Math</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  14</td>\n",
        "      <td>  80</td>\n",
        "      <td>  1120</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.162389</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>478</th>\n",
        "      <td> 09-12</td>\n",
        "      <td>            SPEC ED</td>\n",
        "      <td>           Math</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  15</td>\n",
        "      <td> 101</td>\n",
        "      <td>  1515</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.219661</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>479</th>\n",
        "      <td> 09-12</td>\n",
        "      <td>            SPEC ED</td>\n",
        "      <td>           Math</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td> &gt;15</td>\n",
        "      <td>  41</td>\n",
        "      <td>   685</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.099319</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>480</th>\n",
        "      <td> 09-12</td>\n",
        "      <td>            SPEC ED</td>\n",
        "      <td>        Science</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  &lt;6</td>\n",
        "      <td>  18</td>\n",
        "      <td>    90</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.015169</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>481</th>\n",
        "      <td> 09-12</td>\n",
        "      <td>            SPEC ED</td>\n",
        "      <td>        Science</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>   6</td>\n",
        "      <td>  33</td>\n",
        "      <td>   198</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.033373</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>482</th>\n",
        "      <td> 09-12</td>\n",
        "      <td>            SPEC ED</td>\n",
        "      <td>        Science</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>   7</td>\n",
        "      <td>  27</td>\n",
        "      <td>   189</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.031856</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>483</th>\n",
        "      <td> 09-12</td>\n",
        "      <td>            SPEC ED</td>\n",
        "      <td>        Science</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>   8</td>\n",
        "      <td>  20</td>\n",
        "      <td>   160</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.026968</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>484</th>\n",
        "      <td> 09-12</td>\n",
        "      <td>            SPEC ED</td>\n",
        "      <td>        Science</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>   9</td>\n",
        "      <td>  28</td>\n",
        "      <td>   252</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.042474</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>485</th>\n",
        "      <td> 09-12</td>\n",
        "      <td>            SPEC ED</td>\n",
        "      <td>        Science</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  10</td>\n",
        "      <td>  41</td>\n",
        "      <td>   410</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.069105</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>486</th>\n",
        "      <td> 09-12</td>\n",
        "      <td>            SPEC ED</td>\n",
        "      <td>        Science</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  11</td>\n",
        "      <td>  37</td>\n",
        "      <td>   407</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.068599</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>487</th>\n",
        "      <td> 09-12</td>\n",
        "      <td>            SPEC ED</td>\n",
        "      <td>        Science</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  12</td>\n",
        "      <td>  41</td>\n",
        "      <td>   492</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.082926</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>488</th>\n",
        "      <td> 09-12</td>\n",
        "      <td>            SPEC ED</td>\n",
        "      <td>        Science</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  13</td>\n",
        "      <td>  51</td>\n",
        "      <td>   663</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.111748</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>489</th>\n",
        "      <td> 09-12</td>\n",
        "      <td>            SPEC ED</td>\n",
        "      <td>        Science</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  14</td>\n",
        "      <td>  64</td>\n",
        "      <td>   896</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.151020</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>490</th>\n",
        "      <td> 09-12</td>\n",
        "      <td>            SPEC ED</td>\n",
        "      <td>        Science</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  15</td>\n",
        "      <td>  85</td>\n",
        "      <td>  1275</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.214900</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>491</th>\n",
        "      <td> 09-12</td>\n",
        "      <td>            SPEC ED</td>\n",
        "      <td>        Science</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td> &gt;15</td>\n",
        "      <td>  53</td>\n",
        "      <td>   901</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.151862</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>492</th>\n",
        "      <td> 09-12</td>\n",
        "      <td>            SPEC ED</td>\n",
        "      <td> Social Studies</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  &lt;6</td>\n",
        "      <td>  32</td>\n",
        "      <td>   160</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.022679</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>493</th>\n",
        "      <td> 09-12</td>\n",
        "      <td>            SPEC ED</td>\n",
        "      <td> Social Studies</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>   6</td>\n",
        "      <td>  39</td>\n",
        "      <td>   234</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.033168</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>494</th>\n",
        "      <td> 09-12</td>\n",
        "      <td>            SPEC ED</td>\n",
        "      <td> Social Studies</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>   7</td>\n",
        "      <td>  50</td>\n",
        "      <td>   350</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.049610</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>495</th>\n",
        "      <td> 09-12</td>\n",
        "      <td>            SPEC ED</td>\n",
        "      <td> Social Studies</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>   8</td>\n",
        "      <td>  35</td>\n",
        "      <td>   280</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.039688</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>496</th>\n",
        "      <td> 09-12</td>\n",
        "      <td>            SPEC ED</td>\n",
        "      <td> Social Studies</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>   9</td>\n",
        "      <td>  60</td>\n",
        "      <td>   540</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.076541</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>497</th>\n",
        "      <td> 09-12</td>\n",
        "      <td>            SPEC ED</td>\n",
        "      <td> Social Studies</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  10</td>\n",
        "      <td>  42</td>\n",
        "      <td>   420</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.059532</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>498</th>\n",
        "      <td> 09-12</td>\n",
        "      <td>            SPEC ED</td>\n",
        "      <td> Social Studies</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  11</td>\n",
        "      <td>  55</td>\n",
        "      <td>   605</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.085755</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>499</th>\n",
        "      <td> 09-12</td>\n",
        "      <td>            SPEC ED</td>\n",
        "      <td> Social Studies</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  12</td>\n",
        "      <td>  59</td>\n",
        "      <td>   708</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.100354</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>500</th>\n",
        "      <td> 09-12</td>\n",
        "      <td>            SPEC ED</td>\n",
        "      <td> Social Studies</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  13</td>\n",
        "      <td>  66</td>\n",
        "      <td>   858</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.121616</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>501</th>\n",
        "      <td> 09-12</td>\n",
        "      <td>            SPEC ED</td>\n",
        "      <td> Social Studies</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  14</td>\n",
        "      <td>  60</td>\n",
        "      <td>   840</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.119064</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>502</th>\n",
        "      <td> 09-12</td>\n",
        "      <td>            SPEC ED</td>\n",
        "      <td> Social Studies</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td>  15</td>\n",
        "      <td>  93</td>\n",
        "      <td>  1395</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.197732</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "    <tr>\n",
        "      <th>503</th>\n",
        "      <td> 09-12</td>\n",
        "      <td>            SPEC ED</td>\n",
        "      <td> Social Studies</td>\n",
        "      <td> -</td>\n",
        "      <td> &gt;15</td>\n",
        "      <td>  40</td>\n",
        "      <td>   665</td>\n",
        "      <td> 0.094259</td>\n",
        "    </tr>\n",
        "  </tbody>\n",
        "</table>\n",
        "<p>504 rows \u00d7 8 columns</p>\n",
        "</div>"
       ],
       "metadata": {},
       "output_type": "pyout",
       "prompt_number": 2,
       "text": [
        "    GRADE LEVEL        PROGRAM TYPE CORE SUBJECT \\n(MS CORE and \\n09-12 ONLY)  \\\n",
        "0            0K  GEN ED / ICT / G&T                                         -   \n",
        "1            0K  GEN ED / ICT / G&T                                         -   \n",
        "2            0K  GEN ED / ICT / G&T                                         -   \n",
        "3            0K  GEN ED / ICT / G&T                                         -   \n",
        "4            0K  GEN ED / ICT / G&T                                         -   \n",
        "5            0K  GEN ED / ICT / G&T                                         -   \n",
        "6            0K  GEN ED / ICT / G&T                                         -   \n",
        "7            0K  GEN ED / ICT / G&T                                         -   \n",
        "8            0K  GEN ED / ICT / G&T                                         -   \n",
        "9            0K  GEN ED / ICT / G&T                                         -   \n",
        "10           0K  GEN ED / ICT / G&T                                         -   \n",
        "11           0K  GEN ED / ICT / G&T                                         -   \n",
        "12           0K  GEN ED / ICT / G&T                                         -   \n",
        "13           0K  GEN ED / ICT / G&T                                         -   \n",
        "14           0K  GEN ED / ICT / G&T                                         -   \n",
        "15           0K  GEN ED / ICT / G&T                                         -   \n",
        "16           0K  GEN ED / ICT / G&T                                         -   \n",
        "17           0K  GEN ED / ICT / G&T                                         -   \n",
        "18           0K  GEN ED / ICT / G&T                                         -   \n",
        "19           0K  GEN ED / ICT / G&T                                         -   \n",
        "20           01  GEN ED / ICT / G&T                                         -   \n",
        "21           01  GEN ED / ICT / G&T                                         -   \n",
        "22           01  GEN ED / ICT / G&T                                         -   \n",
        "23           01  GEN ED / ICT / G&T                                         -   \n",
        "24           01  GEN ED / ICT / G&T                                         -   \n",
        "25           01  GEN ED / ICT / G&T                                         -   \n",
        "26           01  GEN ED / ICT / G&T                                         -   \n",
        "27           01  GEN ED / ICT / G&T                                         -   \n",
        "28           01  GEN ED / ICT / G&T                                         -   \n",
        "29           01  GEN ED / ICT / G&T                                         -   \n",
        "..          ...                 ...                                       ...   \n",
        "474       09-12             SPEC ED                                      Math   \n",
        "475       09-12             SPEC ED                                      Math   \n",
        "476       09-12             SPEC ED                                      Math   \n",
        "477       09-12             SPEC ED                                      Math   \n",
        "478       09-12             SPEC ED                                      Math   \n",
        "479       09-12             SPEC ED                                      Math   \n",
        "480       09-12             SPEC ED                                   Science   \n",
        "481       09-12             SPEC ED                                   Science   \n",
        "482       09-12             SPEC ED                                   Science   \n",
        "483       09-12             SPEC ED                                   Science   \n",
        "484       09-12             SPEC ED                                   Science   \n",
        "485       09-12             SPEC ED                                   Science   \n",
        "486       09-12             SPEC ED                                   Science   \n",
        "487       09-12             SPEC ED                                   Science   \n",
        "488       09-12             SPEC ED                                   Science   \n",
        "489       09-12             SPEC ED                                   Science   \n",
        "490       09-12             SPEC ED                                   Science   \n",
        "491       09-12             SPEC ED                                   Science   \n",
        "492       09-12             SPEC ED                            Social Studies   \n",
        "493       09-12             SPEC ED                            Social Studies   \n",
        "494       09-12             SPEC ED                            Social Studies   \n",
        "495       09-12             SPEC ED                            Social Studies   \n",
        "496       09-12             SPEC ED                            Social Studies   \n",
        "497       09-12             SPEC ED                            Social Studies   \n",
        "498       09-12             SPEC ED                            Social Studies   \n",
        "499       09-12             SPEC ED                            Social Studies   \n",
        "500       09-12             SPEC ED                            Social Studies   \n",
        "501       09-12             SPEC ED                            Social Studies   \n",
        "502       09-12             SPEC ED                            Social Studies   \n",
        "503       09-12             SPEC ED                            Social Studies   \n",
        "\n",
        "    SERVICE CATEGORY\\n(0K-08 ONLY) CLASS SIZE  NUMBER OF CLASSES  \\\n",
        "0                                -        <15                 86   \n",
        "1                                -         15                 29   \n",
        "2                                -         16                 35   \n",
        "3                                -         17                 59   \n",
        "4                                -         18                 95   \n",
        "5                                -         19                 98   \n",
        "6                                -         20                177   \n",
        "7                                -         21                232   \n",
        "8                                -         22                298   \n",
        "9                                -         23                364   \n",
        "10                               -         24                444   \n",
        "11                               -         25                865   \n",
        "12                               -         26                191   \n",
        "13                               -         27                 68   \n",
        "14                               -         28                 42   \n",
        "15                               -         29                 10   \n",
        "16                               -         30                 12   \n",
        "17                               -         31                  3   \n",
        "18                               -         32                  1   \n",
        "19                               -         33                  2   \n",
        "20                               -        <15                 46   \n",
        "21                               -         15                 25   \n",
        "22                               -         16                 37   \n",
        "23                               -         17                 35   \n",
        "24                               -         18                 41   \n",
        "25                               -         19                 75   \n",
        "26                               -         20                107   \n",
        "27                               -         21                147   \n",
        "28                               -         22                198   \n",
        "29                               -         23                210   \n",
        "..                             ...        ...                ...   \n",
        "474                              -         11                 55   \n",
        "475                              -         12                 52   \n",
        "476                              -         13                 67   \n",
        "477                              -         14                 80   \n",
        "478                              -         15                101   \n",
        "479                              -        >15                 41   \n",
        "480                              -         <6                 18   \n",
        "481                              -          6                 33   \n",
        "482                              -          7                 27   \n",
        "483                              -          8                 20   \n",
        "484                              -          9                 28   \n",
        "485                              -         10                 41   \n",
        "486                              -         11                 37   \n",
        "487                              -         12                 41   \n",
        "488                              -         13                 51   \n",
        "489                              -         14                 64   \n",
        "490                              -         15                 85   \n",
        "491                              -        >15                 53   \n",
        "492                              -         <6                 32   \n",
        "493                              -          6                 39   \n",
        "494                              -          7                 50   \n",
        "495                              -          8                 35   \n",
        "496                              -          9                 60   \n",
        "497                              -         10                 42   \n",
        "498                              -         11                 55   \n",
        "499                              -         12                 59   \n",
        "500                              -         13                 66   \n",
        "501                              -         14                 60   \n",
        "502                              -         15                 93   \n",
        "503                              -        >15                 40   \n",
        "\n",
        "     NUMBER OF STUDENTS  \\\n",
        "0                  1002   \n",
        "1                   435   \n",
        "2                   560   \n",
        "3                  1003   \n",
        "4                  1710   \n",
        "5                  1862   \n",
        "6                  3540   \n",
        "7                  4872   \n",
        "8                  6556   \n",
        "9                  8372   \n",
        "10                10656   \n",
        "11                21625   \n",
        "12                 4966   \n",
        "13                 1836   \n",
        "14                 1176   \n",
        "15                  290   \n",
        "16                  360   \n",
        "17                   93   \n",
        "18                   32   \n",
        "19                   66   \n",
        "20                  582   \n",
        "21                  375   \n",
        "22                  592   \n",
        "23                  595   \n",
        "24                  738   \n",
        "25                 1425   \n",
        "26                 2140   \n",
        "27                 3087   \n",
        "28                 4356   \n",
        "29                 4830   \n",
        "..                  ...   \n",
        "474                 605   \n",
        "475                 624   \n",
        "476                 871   \n",
        "477                1120   \n",
        "478                1515   \n",
        "479                 685   \n",
        "480                  90   \n",
        "481                 198   \n",
        "482                 189   \n",
        "483                 160   \n",
        "484                 252   \n",
        "485                 410   \n",
        "486                 407   \n",
        "487                 492   \n",
        "488                 663   \n",
        "489                 896   \n",
        "490                1275   \n",
        "491                 901   \n",
        "492                 160   \n",
        "493                 234   \n",
        "494                 350   \n",
        "495                 280   \n",
        "496                 540   \n",
        "497                 420   \n",
        "498                 605   \n",
        "499                 708   \n",
        "500                 858   \n",
        "501                 840   \n",
        "502                1395   \n",
        "503                 665   \n",
        "\n",
        "     PERCENT OF STUDENTS IN BOROUGH / PROGRAM / GRADE / SUBJECT  \n",
        "0                                             0.014110           \n",
        "1                                             0.006126           \n",
        "2                                             0.007886           \n",
        "3                                             0.014124           \n",
        "4                                             0.024080           \n",
        "5                                             0.026221           \n",
        "6                                             0.049851           \n",
        "7                                             0.068608           \n",
        "8                                             0.092322           \n",
        "9                                             0.117896           \n",
        "10                                            0.150059           \n",
        "11                                            0.304526           \n",
        "12                                            0.069932           \n",
        "13                                            0.025855           \n",
        "14                                            0.016561           \n",
        "15                                            0.004084           \n",
        "16                                            0.005070           \n",
        "17                                            0.001310           \n",
        "18                                            0.000451           \n",
        "19                                            0.000929           \n",
        "20                                            0.008027           \n",
        "21                                            0.005172           \n",
        "22                                            0.008165           \n",
        "23                                            0.008206           \n",
        "24                                            0.010178           \n",
        "25                                            0.019653           \n",
        "26                                            0.029514           \n",
        "27                                            0.042575           \n",
        "28                                            0.060077           \n",
        "29                                            0.066614           \n",
        "..                                                 ...           \n",
        "474                                           0.087719           \n",
        "475                                           0.090474           \n",
        "476                                           0.126287           \n",
        "477                                           0.162389           \n",
        "478                                           0.219661           \n",
        "479                                           0.099319           \n",
        "480                                           0.015169           \n",
        "481                                           0.033373           \n",
        "482                                           0.031856           \n",
        "483                                           0.026968           \n",
        "484                                           0.042474           \n",
        "485                                           0.069105           \n",
        "486                                           0.068599           \n",
        "487                                           0.082926           \n",
        "488                                           0.111748           \n",
        "489                                           0.151020           \n",
        "490                                           0.214900           \n",
        "491                                           0.151862           \n",
        "492                                           0.022679           \n",
        "493                                           0.033168           \n",
        "494                                           0.049610           \n",
        "495                                           0.039688           \n",
        "496                                           0.076541           \n",
        "497                                           0.059532           \n",
        "498                                           0.085755           \n",
        "499                                           0.100354           \n",
        "500                                           0.121616           \n",
        "501                                           0.119064           \n",
        "502                                           0.197732           \n",
        "503                                           0.094259           \n",
        "\n",
        "[504 rows x 8 columns]"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 2
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "grouped = df.groupby('GRADE LEVEL')"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [],
     "prompt_number": 3
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "for name, group in grouped:\n",
      "    print(name)"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "01\n",
        "02\n",
        "03\n",
        "04\n",
        "05\n",
        "06\n",
        "07\n",
        "08\n",
        "09-12\n",
        "0K\n",
        "0K-09\n",
        "MS Core\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 4
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "grade8 = grouped.get_group('08')"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [],
     "prompt_number": 5
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "size = grade8['CLASS SIZE'].replace(['<15', '>34'], [14, 35]).astype(int)"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [],
     "prompt_number": 6
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "classes = grade8['NUMBER OF CLASSES']"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [],
     "prompt_number": 7
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "pmf = thinkstats2.Pmf(dict(zip(size, classes)))"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [],
     "prompt_number": 8
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "thinkplot.Pmf(pmf)"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "metadata": {},
       "output_type": "display_data",
       "png": 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OAXcQfhFcCNwA7KRG2EuS2iOrhX8C2ADsIIzYGQH2Aevj/cPA44RW/EHgdeDGac7lKB1J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\n",
       "text": [
        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f68edb73ad0>"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 9
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "pmf.Mean()"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "metadata": {},
       "output_type": "pyout",
       "prompt_number": 10,
       "text": [
        "27.406021505376348"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 10
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "def BiasPmf(pmf, label):\n",
      "    new_pmf = pmf.Copy(label=label)\n",
      "\n",
      "    for x, p in pmf.Items():\n",
      "        new_pmf.Mult(x, x)\n",
      "        \n",
      "    new_pmf.Normalize()\n",
      "    return new_pmf"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [],
     "prompt_number": 11
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "biased = BiasPmf(pmf, 'biased')\n",
      "thinkplot.Pmf(pmf)\n",
      "thinkplot.Pmf(biased)"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "metadata": {},
       "output_type": "display_data",
       "png": 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cA9wJPJChbCUMrRk8F9zHaMx7HHn7ex94r0qbbNfr9W5XoVBVvr4qXxtU//qySurZbwKO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\nkiRJkiRJkiRJkiRJkiRJkqT2+39wFmObFcyI7AAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",
       "text": [
        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f68edb24590>"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 12
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "biased.Mean()"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "metadata": {},
       "output_type": "pyout",
       "prompt_number": 13,
       "text": [
        "28.088749038748254"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 13
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "# https://www.purdue.edu/datadigest/2013-14/InstrStuLIfe/DistUGClasses.html\n",
      "sizes = [1, 5, 15, 25, 35, 45, 75, 125]\n",
      "counts = [138, 635, 1788, 1979, 796, 354, 487, 333]\n",
      "xlim = [-5, 130]\n",
      "formats=['png', 'pdf']"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [],
     "prompt_number": 14
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "pmf = thinkstats2.Pmf(dict(zip(sizes, counts)), label='actual')\n",
      "thinkplot.PrePlot(2)\n",
      "thinkplot.Hist(pmf)\n",
      "thinkplot.Config(xlabel='class size', ylabel='PMF', xlim=xlim, loc='upper right')\n",
      "thinkplot.Save('purdue1', formats=formats)"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "Writing purdue1.png\n",
        "Writing"
       ]
      },
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        " purdue1.pdf\n"
       ]
      },
      {
       "metadata": {},
       "output_type": "display_data",
       "text": [
        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f68eda74690>"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 15
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "biased = BiasPmf(pmf, 'biased')\n",
      "thinkplot.PrePlot(2)\n",
      "thinkplot.Hist(pmf, align='right')\n",
      "thinkplot.Hist(biased, color='orange', align='left')\n",
      "thinkplot.Config(xlabel='class size', ylabel='PMF', xlim=xlim, loc='upper right')\n",
      "thinkplot.Save('purdue2', formats=formats)"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "Writing purdue2.png\n",
        "Writing"
       ]
      },
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        " purdue2.pdf\n"
       ]
      },
      {
       "metadata": {},
       "output_type": "display_data",
       "text": [
        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f68ed11e350>"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 16
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "thinkplot.PrePlot(2)\n",
      "thinkplot.Cdf(pmf.MakeCdf())\n",
      "thinkplot.Cdf(biased.MakeCdf(), color='orange')\n",
      "thinkplot.Config(xlabel='class size', ylabel='CDF', xlim=xlim, loc='lower right')\n",
      "thinkplot.Save('purdue3', formats=formats)"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "Writing purdue3.png\n",
        "Writing"
       ]
      },
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        " purdue3.pdf\n"
       ]
      },
      {
       "metadata": {},
       "output_type": "display_data",
       "text": [
        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f68edb981d0>"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 17
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "pmf.Mean(), biased.Mean()"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "metadata": {},
       "output_type": "pyout",
       "prompt_number": 18,
       "text": [
        "(30.959754224270352, 56.01463671185027)"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 18
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [],
     "prompt_number": 18
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [],
     "prompt_number": 18
    }
   ],
   "metadata": {}
  }
 ]
}