README.md

Awesome Solidity Gas-Optimization ⛽

(Inspired from this issue 0xisk/troubleshooting#38)

Resources 👇

I. Research Papers

• Ethereum EVM Research Papers

II. Medium / Articles

III. Q&A / StackOverflow

IV. Video resources / YouTube

V. Smart-Contract

I. Research Papers

• MultiCall: A Transaction-batching Interpreter for Ethereum - 2021 https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3457337.3457839

• IEEE: Static Profiling and Optimization of Ethereum Smart Contracts Using Resource Analysis - 2021 https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9348894

• Arxiv: Under-Optimized Smart Contracts Devour Your Money - 2020 https://arxiv.org/pdf/1703.03994.pdf

• IEEE: Design Patterns for Gas Optimization in Ethereum - 2020 https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9050163

• GASOL: Gas Analysis and Optimization for Ethereum Smart Contracts - 2020 http://costa.fdi.ucm.es/papers/costa/AlbertCGRR20.pdf

• Optimization of solidity smart contracts - 2020 https://repositum.tuwien.at/handle/20.500.12708/1428

• A Gas-Efficient Superlight Bitcoin Client in Solidity - 2020 https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3419614.3423255

• Arxiv: Profiling Gas Leaks in Solidity Smart Contracts - 2020 https://arxiv.org/abs/2008.05449

• ABCDE—agile block chain DApp engineering - 2020 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2096720920300026

• IEEE: Transformation of Contract Descriptions in a Domain Specific Language to Solidity Assembly - 2020 https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9325490

• Developing Cost-Effective Blockchain-Powered Applications: A Case Study of the Gas Usage of Smart Contract Transactions in the Ethereum Blockchain Platform - 2020 http://www.cse.yorku.ca/~zmjiang/publications/tosem2020_zarir.pdf

• Cost Minimization of Solidity Smart Contracts on Blockchain Systems - 2020 https://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/JAKO202019550426714.page

• IEEE: GasChecker: Scalable Analysis for Discovering Gas-Inefficient Smart Contracts - 2020 https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9026761

• IEEE: Research on Smart Contract Optimization Method on Blockchain - 2019 https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/8832276

• Springer: Synthesis of Super-Optimized Smart Contracts Using Max-SMT - 2020 https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-53288-8_10

• Characterizing Efficiency Optimizations in Solidity Smart Contracts - 2020 https://dsg.tuwien.ac.at/team/sschulte/paper/bc2020.pdf

• A Quantitative Analysis of the Ethereum Fee Market: How Storing Gas Can Result in More Predictable Prices. https://wwz.unibas.ch/fileadmin/user_upload/wwz/00_Professuren/Schaer_DLTFintech/Lehre/Teaching_Page/Nadler_MasterThesis_2020-1_copy.pdf

• Springer: Studying gas exceptions in blockchain-based cloud applications - 2020 https://journalofcloudcomputing.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s13677-020-00176-9

• IEEE: Characterizing Efficiency Optimizations in Solidity Smart Contracts - 2019 https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9284779

• Springer: Computing Exact Worst-Case Gas Consumption for Smart Contracts - 2018 https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-03427-6_33

• Gas Cost Analysis for Ethereum Smart Contracts - 2018 https://www.research-collection.ethz.ch/bitstream/handle/20.500.11850/312914/1/TMeineOrdnerMaster-ArbeitenHS18Signer_Christopher.pdf

• Springer: Optimized Execution of Business Processes on Blockchain - 2017 https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-65000-5_8

• Saving Deployment Costs of Smart Contracts by Eliminating Gaswasteful Patterns - 2017 http://article.nadiapub.com/IJGDC/vol10_no12/6.pdf

Ethereum EVM Research Papers

• EVM Opcode Gas Costs https://github.com/djrtwo/evm-opcode-gas-costs

II. Medium / Articles

• Basics of Smart Contract Gas Optimization with Solidity - 2022 https://eip2535diamonds.substack.com/p/smart-contract-gas-optimization-with

• How EIP2535 Diamonds Reduces Gas Costs for Smart Contract Systems - 2022 (Thanks to @mudgen, #1) https://eip2535diamonds.substack.com/p/how-eip2535-diamonds-reduces-gas

• How to Save Gas in your Ethereum Smart Contracts - 2021 https://marduc812.com/2021/04/08/how-to-save-gas-in-your-ethereum-smart-contracts/

• Solidity Quick Tip: Efficiently Swap Two Variables - 2021 https://blog.oliverjumpertz.dev/solidity-quick-tip-efficiently-swap-two-variables

• How to Write Smart Contracts That Optimize Gas Spent on Ethereum - Medium https://betterprogramming.pub/how-to-write-smart-contracts-that-optimize-gas-spent-on-ethereum-30b5e9c5db85

• Optimizing your Solidity contract’s gas usage - Medium https://medium.com/coinmonks/optimizing-your-solidity-contracts-gas-usage-9d65334db6c7

• Solidity gas optimization tips - Article https://mudit.blog/solidity-gas-optimization-tips/

• Storage vs. Memory vs. Stack in Solidity & Ethereum https://dlt-repo.net/storage-vs-memory-vs-stack-in-solidity-ethereum/

• 10 solidity code patterns that optimize the gas utilization of Ethereum smart contracts - 2019 https://blog.krybot.com/a?ID=01600-56f06856-e060-4787-93a3-0ffb088cd88f

• How to reduce gas cost in Solidity - 2019 https://medium.com/layerx/how-to-reduce-gas-cost-in-solidity-f2e5321e0395

• Gas Optimization in Solidity Part I: Variables - 2019 https://medium.com/coinmonks/gas-optimization-in-solidity-part-i-variables-9d5775e43dde

• How to optimize gas cost in a Solidity smart contract? 6 tips - 2019 https://eattheblocks.com/how-to-optimize-gas-cost-in-a-solidity-smart-contract-6-tips/

• Solidity tips and tricks to save gas and reduce bytecode size - 2019 https://blog.polymath.network/solidity-tips-and-tricks-to-save-gas-and-reduce-bytecode-size-c44580b218e6

• Save Gas with Packing in Solidity - 2019 https://www.maxgrok.com/posts/one-hundred-and-nineth-post

• The million dollar question (RU) - 2018 https://habr.com/ru/company/raiffeisenbank/blog/354122/

• Solidity gas optimization - small int types and structs - 2018 https://danielszego.blogspot.com/2018/01/solidity-gas-optimization-small-int.html

• 8 Ways of Reducing the Gas Consumption of your Smart Contracts - 2018 https://medium.com/coinmonks/8-ways-of-reducing-the-gas-consumption-of-your-smart-contracts-9a506b339c0a

• How to Reduce Solidity Gas Costs Full Guide - 2022 https://moralis.io/how-to-reduce-solidity-gas-costs-full-guide/

• A Collection of Gas Optimisation Tricks - 2022 https://forum.openzeppelin.com/t/a-collection-of-gas-optimisation-tricks/19966

• Solidity Gas Optimizations Cheat Sheet - 2022 https://0xmacro.com/blog/solidity-gas-optimizations-cheat-sheet/

III. Q&A / StackOverflow

• How to write an optimized (gas-cost) smart contract? - StackOverflow https://ethereum.stackexchange.com/questions/28813/how-to-write-an-optimized-gas-cost-smart-contract

• Why does uint8 cost more gas than uint256? - StackOverflow https://ethereum.stackexchange.com/questions/3067/why-does-uint8-cost-more-gas-than-uint256

• Use string type or bytes32? - StackOverflow https://ethereum.stackexchange.com/questions/11556/use-string-type-or-bytes32

• Integer types; createPerson function alternatives; Gas; Optimization; View v Pure functions; Non-iterable nature of mappings - 2020 https://forum.ivanontech.com/t/integer-types-createperson-function-alternatives-gas-optimization-view-v-pure-functions-non-iterable-nature-of-mappings-by-jon-m/12169

• What’s the best way to optimize the bytecode size of a contract? - 2019 https://forum.openzeppelin.com/t/whats-the-best-way-to-optimize-the-bytecode-size-of-a-contract/981

• Gas optimization for my smart contract? - 2017 https://ethereum.stackexchange.com/questions/13472/gas-optimization-for-my-smart-contract

IV. Video resources / YouTube

• EVM Basics — Macro Hackathons - 2022 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LNU4JLo_KAA

• Gas Golf | Solidity 0.8 - 2022 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4r20M9Fr8lY

• EVM Bytecode ABI Gas and Gas Price - 2021 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HcOWNxL3Iy0

• Simple Trick to Save Gas in Your Smart Contract - 2021 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l2OxNQcb8e8

• Storage, Memory and Calldata | Solidity 0.8 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wOCIhzAuhgs

• Simple Storage | Solidity 0.8 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YNu4wH2DXoU

• EVM: From Solidity to byte code, memory and storage - 2020 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RxL_1AfV7N4

• Three tips for optimizing gas - 2019 https://blockbites.io/bites/bite2.html

• Learn Solidity (0.5) - Gas and Gas Price - 2019 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oTS9uxU6cAM

• DAPPCON 2018: Solidity Dapp Optimization Gonçalo Sá (ConsenSys Diligence) - 2018 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qwBkeJ84d2g&t=68s

• Less Gas, More Fun: Optimising Smart Contracts through Yul by Christian Reitwiessner (Devcon4) - 2018 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VH4MgZDyZJU

• Gas optimization in solidity: 10tips by Julien Klepatch (EatTheBlocks) - 2019 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PYilP2bjtwc

V. Smart-Contracts:

• Playpen: is a set of modern, gas-optimized staking pool contracts - 2022 https://github.com/ZeframLou/playpen