Add support for provider defined functions for id parsing (locality zonal & regional)

[remyleone]

https://developer.hashicorp.com/terraform/plugin/framework/functions/implementation

It would be helpful to have such functions for locality parsing and extraction. Today it could be done using a split, but it would be nice to have support for all the kind of id we have:

regional: fr-par/11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111
zonal: fr-par-1:11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111
special id: fr-par/11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111/mySubresource

We want to be careful to not break compatibility of the provider for people not using the latest version of terraform.