diff --git a/lib/racc/grammar.rb b/lib/racc/grammar.rb
index 7159862f..8519763c 100644
--- a/lib/racc/grammar.rb
+++ b/lib/racc/grammar.rb
@@ -787,6 +787,81 @@ def name
   end
 
 
+  class OptionMark
+    def initialize(lineno)
+      @lineno = lineno
+    end
+
+    def name
+      '?'
+    end
+
+    alias inspect name
+
+    attr_reader :lineno
+  end
+
+
+  class ManyMark
+    def initialize(lineno)
+      @lineno = lineno
+    end
+
+    def name
+      '*'
+    end
+
+    alias inspect name
+
+    attr_reader :lineno
+  end
+
+
+  class Many1Mark
+    def initialize(lineno)
+      @lineno = lineno
+    end
+
+    def name
+      '+'
+    end
+
+    alias inspect name
+
+    attr_reader :lineno
+  end
+
+
+  class GroupStartMark
+    def initialize(lineno)
+      @lineno = lineno
+    end
+
+    def name
+      '('
+    end
+
+    alias inspect name
+
+    attr_reader :lineno
+  end
+
+
+  class GroupEndMark
+    def initialize(lineno)
+      @lineno = lineno
+    end
+
+    def name
+      ')'
+    end
+
+    alias inspect name
+
+    attr_reader :lineno
+  end
+
+
   class Prec
     def initialize(symbol, lineno)
       @symbol = symbol
diff --git a/lib/racc/grammarfileparser.rb b/lib/racc/grammarfileparser.rb
index c7d1207f..86117754 100644
--- a/lib/racc/grammarfileparser.rb
+++ b/lib/racc/grammarfileparser.rb
@@ -133,6 +133,21 @@ module Racc
                   | seq("|") {|*|
                       OrMark.new(@scanner.lineno)
                     }\
+                  | seq("?") {|*|
+                      OptionMark.new(@scanner.lineno)
+                    }\
+                  | seq("*") {|*|
+                      ManyMark.new(@scanner.lineno)
+                    }\
+                  | seq("+") {|*|
+                      Many1Mark.new(@scanner.lineno)
+                    }\
+                  | seq("(") {|*|
+                      GroupStartMark.new(@scanner.lineno)
+                    }\
+                  | seq(")") {|*|
+                      GroupEndMark.new(@scanner.lineno)
+                    }\
                   | seq("=", :symbol) {|_, sym|
                       Prec.new(sym, @scanner.lineno)
                     }\
@@ -210,27 +225,114 @@ def location
     end
 
     def add_rule_block(list)
-      sprec = nil
       target = list.shift
       case target
-      when OrMark, UserAction, Prec
+      when OrMark, OptionMark, ManyMark, Many1Mark, GroupStartMark, GroupEndMark, UserAction, Prec
         raise CompileError, "#{target.lineno}: unexpected symbol #{target.name}"
       end
+      enum = list.each.with_index
+      _, sym, idx = _add_rule_block(target, enum)
+      if idx
+        # sym is Racc::GroupEndMark
+        raise "#{sym.lineno}: unexpected symbol ')' at pos=#{idx}"
+      end
+    end
+
+    def _add_rule_block(target, enum)
+      rules = [] # [ [seqs, sprec], .. ]
       curr = []
-      list.each do |i|
-        case i
+      sprec = nil
+      while (sym, idx = enum.next rescue nil)
+        case sym
         when OrMark
-          add_rule target, curr, sprec
+          rules << [curr, sprec]
           curr = []
           sprec = nil
+        when OptionMark
+          curr << _add_option_rule(curr.pop)
+        when ManyMark
+          curr << _add_many_rule(curr.pop)
+        when Many1Mark
+          curr << _add_many1_rule(curr.pop)
+        when GroupStartMark
+          curr << _add_group_rule(enum)
+        when GroupEndMark
+          rules << [curr, sprec]
+          return rules, sym, idx
         when Prec
           raise CompileError, "'=<prec>' used twice in one rule" if sprec
-          sprec = i.symbol
+          sprec = sym.symbol
         else
-          curr.push i
+          curr.push sym
+        end
+      end
+      rules << [curr, sprec]
+      rules.each do |syms, sprec|
+        add_rule target, syms, sprec
+      end
+      nil
+    end
+
+
+    def _add_option_rule(prev)
+      @option_rule_registry ||= {}
+      target = @option_rule_registry[prev.to_s]
+      return target if target
+      target = _gen_target_name("option", prev)
+      @option_rule_registry[prev.to_s] = target
+      act = UserAction.empty
+      @grammar.add Rule.new(target, [], act)
+      @grammar.add Rule.new(target, [prev], act)
+      target
+    end
+
+    def _add_many_rule(prev)
+      @many_rule_registry ||= {}
+      target = @many_rule_registry[prev.to_s]
+      return target if target
+      target = _gen_target_name("many", prev)
+      @many_rule_registry[prev.to_s] = target
+      src = SourceText.new("result = val[1] ? val[1].unshift(val[0]) : val", __FILE__, __LINE__)
+      act = UserAction.source_text(src)
+      @grammar.add Rule.new(target, [], act)
+      @grammar.add Rule.new(target, [prev, target], act)
+      target
+    end
+
+    def _add_many1_rule(prev)
+      @many1_rule_registry ||= {}
+      target = @many1_rule_registry[prev.to_s]
+      return target if target
+      target = _gen_target_name("many1", prev)
+      @many1_rule_registry[prev.to_s] = target
+      src = SourceText.new("result = val[1] ? val[1].unshift(val[0]) : val", __FILE__, __LINE__)
+      act = UserAction.source_text(src)
+      @grammar.add Rule.new(target, [prev], act)
+      @grammar.add Rule.new(target, [prev, target], act)
+      target
+    end
+
+    def _add_group_rule(enum)
+      target = @grammar.intern("-temp-group", true)
+      rules, _ = _add_rule_block(target, enum)
+      target_name = rules.map{|syms, sprec| syms.join("-")}.join("|")
+      @group_rule_registry ||= {}
+      unless target = @group_rule_registry[target_name]
+        target = @grammar.intern("-group@#{target_name}", true)
+        @group_rule_registry[target_name] = target
+        src = SourceText.new("result = val", __FILE__, __LINE__)
+        act = UserAction.source_text(src)
+        rules.each do |syms, sprec|
+          rule = Rule.new(target, syms, act)
+          rule.specified_prec = sprec
+          @grammar.add rule
         end
       end
-      add_rule target, curr, sprec
+      target
+    end
+
+    def _gen_target_name(type, sym)
+      @grammar.intern("-#{type}@#{sym.value}", true)
     end
 
     def add_rule(target, list, sprec)
diff --git a/test/test_grammar.rb b/test/test_grammar.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6173f8fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/test_grammar.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+require 'test/unit'
+require 'racc/static'
+require 'tempfile'
+
+class TestGrammar < Test::Unit::TestCase
+  private def with_parser(rule)
+    parser = Racc::GrammarFileParser.new
+    result = parser.parse(<<"eom", "foo.y")
+class MyParser
+rule
+#{rule}
+end
+---- header
+require 'strscan'
+---- inner
+def parse(str)
+  @ss = StringScanner.new(str)
+  do_parse
+end
+def next_token
+  @ss.skip(/\\s+/)
+  token = @ss.scan(/\\S+/) and [token, token]
+end
+eom
+    states = Racc::States.new(result.grammar).nfa
+    params = result.params.dup
+    generator = Racc::ParserFileGenerator.new(states, params)
+    Tempfile.create(%w[y .tab.rb]) do |f|
+      generator.generate_parser_file(f.path)
+      require f.path
+      parser = MyParser.new
+      yield parser
+    end
+    Object.__send__(:remove_const, :MyParser)
+  end
+
+  def test_optional
+    with_parser("stmt: 'abc'?") do |parser|
+      assert_equal "abc", parser.parse("abc")
+      assert_equal nil, parser.parse("")
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_many
+    with_parser("stmt: 'abc'*") do |parser|
+      assert_equal [], parser.parse("")
+      assert_equal ["abc"], parser.parse("abc")
+      assert_equal ["abc", "abc"], parser.parse("abc abc")
+      assert_equal ["abc", "abc", "abc"], parser.parse("abc abc abc")
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_many1
+    with_parser("stmt: 'abc'+") do |parser|
+      assert_raise(Racc::ParseError){ parser.parse("") }
+      assert_equal ["abc"], parser.parse("abc")
+      assert_equal ["abc", "abc"], parser.parse("abc abc")
+      assert_equal ["abc", "abc", "abc"], parser.parse("abc abc abc")
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_group
+    with_parser("stmt: ('a')") do |parser|
+      assert_raise(Racc::ParseError){ parser.parse("") }
+      assert_equal ["a"], parser.parse("a")
+    end
+
+    with_parser("stmt: ('a' 'b')") do |parser|
+      assert_raise(Racc::ParseError){ parser.parse("") }
+      assert_raise(Racc::ParseError){ parser.parse("a") }
+      assert_equal ["a", "b"], parser.parse("a b")
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_group_or
+    with_parser("stmt: ('a' | 'b')") do |parser|
+      assert_raise(Racc::ParseError){ parser.parse("") }
+      assert_equal ["a"], parser.parse("a")
+      assert_equal ["b"], parser.parse("b")
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_group_many
+    with_parser("stmt: ('a')*") do |parser|
+      assert_equal [], parser.parse("")
+      assert_equal [["a"]], parser.parse("a")
+      assert_equal [["a"], ["a"]], parser.parse("a a")
+    end
+
+    with_parser("start: stmt\n stmt: ('a' 'b')*") do |parser|
+      assert_equal [], parser.parse("")
+      assert_equal [["a", "b"]], parser.parse("a b")
+      assert_equal [["a", "b"], ["a", "b"]], parser.parse("a b a b")
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_group_or_many
+    with_parser("stmt: ('a' | 'b')*") do |parser|
+      assert_equal [], parser.parse("")
+      assert_equal [["a"], ["a"]], parser.parse("a a")
+      assert_equal [["a"], ["b"]], parser.parse("a b")
+      assert_equal [["a"], ["b"], ["b"], ["a"]], parser.parse("a b b a")
+    end
+  end
+end