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index.html
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index.html
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en"><head>
<script src="index_files/libs/clipboard/clipboard.min.js"></script>
<script src="index_files/libs/quarto-html/tabby.min.js"></script>
<script src="index_files/libs/quarto-html/popper.min.js"></script>
<script src="index_files/libs/quarto-html/tippy.umd.min.js"></script>
<link href="index_files/libs/quarto-html/tippy.css" rel="stylesheet">
<link href="index_files/libs/quarto-html/light-border.css" rel="stylesheet">
<link href="index_files/libs/quarto-html/quarto-html.min.css" rel="stylesheet" data-mode="light">
<link href="index_files/libs/quarto-html/quarto-syntax-highlighting-dark.css" rel="stylesheet" id="quarto-text-highlighting-styles"><meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="generator" content="quarto-1.3.450">
<meta name="author" content="Shannon Pileggi">
<title>Debugging</title>
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="black-translucent">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no, minimal-ui">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="index_files/libs/revealjs/dist/reset.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="index_files/libs/revealjs/dist/reveal.css">
<style>
code{white-space: pre-wrap;}
span.smallcaps{font-variant: small-caps;}
div.columns{display: flex; gap: min(4vw, 1.5em);}
div.column{flex: auto; overflow-x: auto;}
div.hanging-indent{margin-left: 1.5em; text-indent: -1.5em;}
ul.task-list{list-style: none;}
ul.task-list li input[type="checkbox"] {
width: 0.8em;
margin: 0 0.8em 0.2em -1em; /* quarto-specific, see https://github.com/quarto-dev/quarto-cli/issues/4556 */
vertical-align: middle;
}
/* CSS for syntax highlighting */
pre > code.sourceCode { white-space: pre; position: relative; }
pre > code.sourceCode > span { display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25; }
pre > code.sourceCode > span:empty { height: 1.2em; }
.sourceCode { overflow: visible; }
code.sourceCode > span { color: inherit; text-decoration: inherit; }
div.sourceCode { margin: 1em 0; }
pre.sourceCode { margin: 0; }
@media screen {
div.sourceCode { overflow: auto; }
}
@media print {
pre > code.sourceCode { white-space: pre-wrap; }
pre > code.sourceCode > span { text-indent: -5em; padding-left: 5em; }
}
pre.numberSource code
{ counter-reset: source-line 0; }
pre.numberSource code > span
{ position: relative; left: -4em; counter-increment: source-line; }
pre.numberSource code > span > a:first-child::before
{ content: counter(source-line);
position: relative; left: -1em; text-align: right; vertical-align: baseline;
border: none; display: inline-block;
-webkit-touch-callout: none; -webkit-user-select: none;
-khtml-user-select: none; -moz-user-select: none;
-ms-user-select: none; user-select: none;
padding: 0 4px; width: 4em;
color: #97947a;
}
pre.numberSource { margin-left: 3em; border-left: 1px solid #97947a; padding-left: 4px; }
div.sourceCode
{ color: #f8f8f2; background-color: #2b2b2b; }
@media screen {
pre > code.sourceCode > span > a:first-child::before { text-decoration: underline; }
}
code span { color: #f8f8f2; } /* Normal */
code span.al { color: #dcc6e0; } /* Alert */
code span.an { color: #d4d0ab; } /* Annotation */
code span.at { color: #ffd700; } /* Attribute */
code span.bn { color: #dcc6e0; } /* BaseN */
code span.bu { color: #f5ab35; } /* BuiltIn */
code span.cf { color: #ffa07a; } /* ControlFlow */
code span.ch { color: #abe338; } /* Char */
code span.cn { color: #ffa07a; } /* Constant */
code span.co { color: #d4d0ab; } /* Comment */
code span.cv { color: #d4d0ab; font-style: italic; } /* CommentVar */
code span.do { color: #d4d0ab; font-style: italic; } /* Documentation */
code span.dt { color: #dcc6e0; } /* DataType */
code span.dv { color: #dcc6e0; } /* DecVal */
code span.er { color: #dcc6e0; } /* Error */
code span.ex { color: #ffd700; } /* Extension */
code span.fl { color: #f5ab35; } /* Float */
code span.fu { color: #ffd700; } /* Function */
code span.im { color: #f8f8f2; } /* Import */
code span.in { color: #d4d0ab; } /* Information */
code span.kw { color: #ffa07a; } /* Keyword */
code span.op { color: #00e0e0; } /* Operator */
code span.ot { color: #ffa07a; } /* Other */
code span.pp { color: #dcc6e0; } /* Preprocessor */
code span.sc { color: #00e0e0; } /* SpecialChar */
code span.ss { color: #abe338; } /* SpecialString */
code span.st { color: #abe338; } /* String */
code span.va { color: #f5ab35; } /* Variable */
code span.vs { color: #abe338; } /* VerbatimString */
code span.wa { color: #d4d0ab; font-style: italic; } /* Warning */
</style>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="index_files/libs/revealjs/dist/theme/quarto.css">
<link href="index_files/libs/revealjs/plugin/quarto-line-highlight/line-highlight.css" rel="stylesheet">
<link href="index_files/libs/revealjs/plugin/reveal-menu/menu.css" rel="stylesheet">
<link href="index_files/libs/revealjs/plugin/reveal-menu/quarto-menu.css" rel="stylesheet">
<link href="index_files/libs/revealjs/plugin/reveal-chalkboard/font-awesome/css/all.css" rel="stylesheet">
<link href="index_files/libs/revealjs/plugin/reveal-chalkboard/style.css" rel="stylesheet">
<link href="index_files/libs/revealjs/plugin/quarto-support/footer.css" rel="stylesheet">
<style type="text/css">
.callout {
margin-top: 1em;
margin-bottom: 1em;
border-radius: .25rem;
}
.callout.callout-style-simple {
padding: 0em 0.5em;
border-left: solid #acacac .3rem;
border-right: solid 1px silver;
border-top: solid 1px silver;
border-bottom: solid 1px silver;
display: flex;
}
.callout.callout-style-default {
border-left: solid #acacac .3rem;
border-right: solid 1px silver;
border-top: solid 1px silver;
border-bottom: solid 1px silver;
}
.callout .callout-body-container {
flex-grow: 1;
}
.callout.callout-style-simple .callout-body {
font-size: 1rem;
font-weight: 400;
}
.callout.callout-style-default .callout-body {
font-size: 0.9rem;
font-weight: 400;
}
.callout.callout-titled.callout-style-simple .callout-body {
margin-top: 0.2em;
}
.callout:not(.callout-titled) .callout-body {
display: flex;
}
.callout:not(.no-icon).callout-titled.callout-style-simple .callout-content {
padding-left: 1.6em;
}
.callout.callout-titled .callout-header {
padding-top: 0.2em;
margin-bottom: -0.2em;
}
.callout.callout-titled .callout-title p {
margin-top: 0.5em;
margin-bottom: 0.5em;
}
.callout.callout-titled.callout-style-simple .callout-content p {
margin-top: 0;
}
.callout.callout-titled.callout-style-default .callout-content p {
margin-top: 0.7em;
}
.callout.callout-style-simple div.callout-title {
border-bottom: none;
font-size: .9rem;
font-weight: 600;
opacity: 75%;
}
.callout.callout-style-default div.callout-title {
border-bottom: none;
font-weight: 600;
opacity: 85%;
font-size: 0.9rem;
padding-left: 0.5em;
padding-right: 0.5em;
}
.callout.callout-style-default div.callout-content {
padding-left: 0.5em;
padding-right: 0.5em;
}
.callout.callout-style-simple .callout-icon::before {
height: 1rem;
width: 1rem;
display: inline-block;
content: "";
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-size: 1rem 1rem;
}
.callout.callout-style-default .callout-icon::before {
height: 0.9rem;
width: 0.9rem;
display: inline-block;
content: "";
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-size: 0.9rem 0.9rem;
}
.callout-title {
display: flex
}
.callout-icon::before {
margin-top: 1rem;
padding-right: .5rem;
}
.callout.no-icon::before {
display: none !important;
}
.callout.callout-titled .callout-body > .callout-content > :last-child {
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}
.callout.callout-titled .callout-icon::before {
margin-top: .5rem;
padding-right: .5rem;
}
.callout:not(.callout-titled) .callout-icon::before {
margin-top: 1rem;
padding-right: .5rem;
}
/* Callout Types */
div.callout-note {
border-left-color: #4582ec !important;
}
div.callout-note .callout-icon::before {
background-image: url('data:image/png;base64,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');
}
div.callout-note.callout-style-default .callout-title {
background-color: #dae6fb
}
div.callout-important {
border-left-color: #d9534f !important;
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</head>
<body class="quarto-dark">
<div class="reveal">
<div class="slides">
<section id="title-slide" class="quarto-title-block center">
<h1 class="title">Debugging</h1>
<div class="quarto-title-authors">
<div class="quarto-title-author">
<div class="quarto-title-author-name">
Shannon Pileggi
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="agenda" class="title-slide slide level1 center">
<h1>Agenda</h1>
<p>Getting started</p>
<p>Troubleshooting</p>
<p>Moving on</p>
<p>Debugging your code</p>
<p>Debugging in RStudio</p>
<p>Debugging their code</p>
<p>Special cases</p>
<p>Read the source</p>
</section>
<section>
<section id="getting-started" class="title-slide slide level1 center">
<h1>Getting started</h1>
</section>
<section id="licensing" class="slide level2">
<h2>Licensing</h2>
<p><br> <br> This work is licensed under a <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License</a> (CC BY-SA4.0).</p>
</section>
<section id="checklist" class="slide level2">
<h2>Checklist</h2>
<p><br></p>
<p><svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewbox="0 0 448 512" style="height:1em;width:0.88em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#C7B41D;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M438.6 105.4c12.5 12.5 12.5 32.8 0 45.3l-256 256c-12.5 12.5-32.8 12.5-45.3 0l-128-128c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.8 0-45.3s32.8-12.5 45.3 0L160 338.7 393.4 105.4c12.5-12.5 32.8-12.5 45.3 0z"></path></svg> R installed? Pretty recent?</p>
<p> Recommended R ≥ 4.2.0</p>
<p><svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewbox="0 0 448 512" style="height:1em;width:0.88em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#C7B41D;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M438.6 105.4c12.5 12.5 12.5 32.8 0 45.3l-256 256c-12.5 12.5-32.8 12.5-45.3 0l-128-128c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.8 0-45.3s32.8-12.5 45.3 0L160 338.7 393.4 105.4c12.5-12.5 32.8-12.5 45.3 0z"></path></svg> RStudio installed?</p>
<p> I’m on 2022.02.3+492</p>
<p><svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewbox="0 0 448 512" style="height:1em;width:0.88em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#C7B41D;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M438.6 105.4c12.5 12.5 12.5 32.8 0 45.3l-256 256c-12.5 12.5-32.8 12.5-45.3 0l-128-128c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.8 0-45.3s32.8-12.5 45.3 0L160 338.7 393.4 105.4c12.5-12.5 32.8-12.5 45.3 0z"></path></svg> Ready to build packages?</p>
<p> <code>devtools::has_devel()</code><br> <em>Your system is ready to build packages!</em></p>
</section>
<section id="additional-resources" class="slide level2 smaller">
<h2>Additional resources</h2>
<ul>
<li><p>WTF Ch 11 <em>Debugging R code</em> <br> <a href="https://rstats.wtf/debugging-r-code.html" class="uri">https://rstats.wtf/debugging-r-code.html</a></p></li>
<li><p>Advanced R Ch 22 <em>Debugging</em> <br> <a href="https://adv-r.hadley.nz/debugging.html" class="uri">https://adv-r.hadley.nz/debugging.html</a></p></li>
<li><p>Jenny Bryan 2020 RStudio Conf Keynote <em>Object of type closure is not subsettable</em> <br> <a href="https://github.com/jennybc/debugging#readme" class="uri">https://github.com/jennybc/debugging#readme</a></p></li>
<li><p>Amanda Gadrow 2018 Webinar <em>Debugging techniques in RStudio</em> <br> <a href="https://www.rstudio.com/resources/webinars/debugging-techniques-in-rstudio/" class="uri">https://www.rstudio.com/resources/webinars/debugging-techniques-in-rstudio/</a></p></li>
<li><p>Jim Hester 2019 <em>Introduction to debugging in R and RStudio</em> <br> <a href="https://www.jimhester.com/talk/2019-crug-debugging/" class="uri">https://www.jimhester.com/talk/2019-crug-debugging/</a></p></li>
<li><p>Maëlle Salmon 2021 <em>How to become a better R code detective?</em> <br> <a href="https://masalmon.eu/2021/07/13/code-detective/" class="uri">https://masalmon.eu/2021/07/13/code-detective/</a></p></li>
<li><p>Kara Woo 2019 RStudio Conf <em>Box plots A case study in debugging and perseverance</em> <a href="https://www.rstudio.com/resources/rstudioconf-2019/box-plots-a-case-study-in-debugging-and-perseverance/" class="uri">https://www.rstudio.com/resources/rstudioconf-2019/box-plots-a-case-study-in-debugging-and-perseverance/</a></p></li>
</ul>
<div class="footer">
</div>
</section>
<section id="troubleshooting" class="slide level2">
<h2>Troubleshooting</h2>
<ol type="1">
<li><p><strong>SEARCH</strong> <br> <em>Teach Me How To Google</em>, Samantha Csik (2022) <br> <a href="https://samanthacsik.github.io/teach-me-how-to-google/slides/RLadiesSTL-2022-02-22.html#1">slides</a>, <a href="https://youtu.be/93WsFQUuxvA">recording</a></p></li>
<li><p><strong>RESET</strong> <br> Restart R, especially when things get weird.</p></li>
<li><p><strong>REPREX</strong> <br> <a href="https://reprex.tidyverse.org/" class="uri">https://reprex.tidyverse.org/</a><br> <em>make a reprex….. please</em>, Sharla Gelfand (2021) <br> <a href="https://make-a-reprex-please.netlify.app/#1">slides</a>, <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G5Nm-GpmrLw">recording</a></p></li>
</ol>
</section>
<section id="reset---details" class="slide level2">
<h2>Reset - details</h2>
<p><brshort></brshort></p>
<div class="r-fit-text">
<p>Have you tried turning it <code>OFF</code> and <code>ON</code> again?</p>
</div>
<p><brshort></brshort></p>
<div class="columns">
<div class="column" style="width:50%;">
<p><code>Session -> Restart R</code> or</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Ctrl + Shift + F10 (Windows),</p></li>
<li><p>Cmd + Shift + 0 / Cmd + Shift + F10 (Mac)</p></li>
</ul>
</div><div class="column" style="width:50%;">
<p><code>Tools -> Global Options -> Workspace</code></p>
<p><img data-src="img/workspace-options.PNG"></p>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="why-reset" class="slide level2">
<h2>Why reset?</h2>
<p><em>Which persist after rm(list = ls())?</em></p>
<table>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 76%">
<col style="width: 23%">
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr class="header">
<th>Option</th>
<th>Persists?</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td>A. library(dplyr)</td>
<td><svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewbox="0 0 448 512" style="height:1em;width:0.88em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#343838;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M438.6 105.4c12.5 12.5 12.5 32.8 0 45.3l-256 256c-12.5 12.5-32.8 12.5-45.3 0l-128-128c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.8 0-45.3s32.8-12.5 45.3 0L160 338.7 393.4 105.4c12.5-12.5 32.8-12.5 45.3 0z"></path></svg></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>B. summary <- head</td>
<td><svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewbox="0 0 384 512" style="height:1em;width:0.75em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#343838;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M342.6 150.6c12.5-12.5 12.5-32.8 0-45.3s-32.8-12.5-45.3 0L192 210.7 86.6 105.4c-12.5-12.5-32.8-12.5-45.3 0s-12.5 32.8 0 45.3L146.7 256 41.4 361.4c-12.5 12.5-12.5 32.8 0 45.3s32.8 12.5 45.3 0L192 301.3 297.4 406.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0s12.5-32.8 0-45.3L237.3 256 342.6 150.6z"></path></svg></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>C. options(stringsAsFactors = FALSE)</td>
<td><svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewbox="0 0 448 512" style="height:1em;width:0.88em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#343838;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M438.6 105.4c12.5 12.5 12.5 32.8 0 45.3l-256 256c-12.5 12.5-32.8 12.5-45.3 0l-128-128c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.8 0-45.3s32.8-12.5 45.3 0L160 338.7 393.4 105.4c12.5-12.5 32.8-12.5 45.3 0z"></path></svg></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>D. Sys.setenv(LANGUAGE = “fr”)</td>
<td><svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewbox="0 0 448 512" style="height:1em;width:0.88em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#343838;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M438.6 105.4c12.5 12.5 12.5 32.8 0 45.3l-256 256c-12.5 12.5-32.8 12.5-45.3 0l-128-128c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.8 0-45.3s32.8-12.5 45.3 0L160 338.7 393.4 105.4c12.5-12.5 32.8-12.5 45.3 0z"></path></svg></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>E. x <- 1:5</td>
<td><svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewbox="0 0 384 512" style="height:1em;width:0.75em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#343838;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M342.6 150.6c12.5-12.5 12.5-32.8 0-45.3s-32.8-12.5-45.3 0L192 210.7 86.6 105.4c-12.5-12.5-32.8-12.5-45.3 0s-12.5 32.8 0 45.3L146.7 256 41.4 361.4c-12.5 12.5-12.5 32.8 0 45.3s32.8 12.5 45.3 0L192 301.3 297.4 406.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0s12.5-32.8 0-45.3L237.3 256 342.6 150.6z"></path></svg></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>F. attach(iris)</td>
<td><svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewbox="0 0 448 512" style="height:1em;width:0.88em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#343838;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M438.6 105.4c12.5 12.5 12.5 32.8 0 45.3l-256 256c-12.5 12.5-32.8 12.5-45.3 0l-128-128c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.8 0-45.3s32.8-12.5 45.3 0L160 338.7 393.4 105.4c12.5-12.5 32.8-12.5 45.3 0z"></path></svg></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="cell">
<div class="cell-output-display">
<div class="countdown" id="timer_74469239" data-update-every="1" tabindex="0" style="right:0;bottom:0;">
<div class="countdown-controls"><button class="countdown-bump-down">−</button><button class="countdown-bump-up">+</button></div>
<code class="countdown-time"><span class="countdown-digits minutes">02</span><span class="countdown-digits colon">:</span><span class="countdown-digits seconds">00</span></code>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="why-reset-1" class="slide level2">
<h2>Why reset?</h2>
<p><em>Which persist after rm(list = ls())?</em></p>
<table>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 76%">
<col style="width: 23%">
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr class="header">
<th>Option</th>
<th>Persists?</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td>A. library(dplyr)</td>
<td><svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewbox="0 0 448 512" style="height:1em;width:0.88em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#C7B41D;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M438.6 105.4c12.5 12.5 12.5 32.8 0 45.3l-256 256c-12.5 12.5-32.8 12.5-45.3 0l-128-128c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.8 0-45.3s32.8-12.5 45.3 0L160 338.7 393.4 105.4c12.5-12.5 32.8-12.5 45.3 0z"></path></svg></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>B. summary <- head</td>
<td><svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewbox="0 0 384 512" style="height:1em;width:0.75em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:white;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M342.6 150.6c12.5-12.5 12.5-32.8 0-45.3s-32.8-12.5-45.3 0L192 210.7 86.6 105.4c-12.5-12.5-32.8-12.5-45.3 0s-12.5 32.8 0 45.3L146.7 256 41.4 361.4c-12.5 12.5-12.5 32.8 0 45.3s32.8 12.5 45.3 0L192 301.3 297.4 406.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0s12.5-32.8 0-45.3L237.3 256 342.6 150.6z"></path></svg></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>C. options(stringsAsFactors = FALSE)</td>
<td><svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewbox="0 0 448 512" style="height:1em;width:0.88em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#C7B41D;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M438.6 105.4c12.5 12.5 12.5 32.8 0 45.3l-256 256c-12.5 12.5-32.8 12.5-45.3 0l-128-128c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.8 0-45.3s32.8-12.5 45.3 0L160 338.7 393.4 105.4c12.5-12.5 32.8-12.5 45.3 0z"></path></svg></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>D. Sys.setenv(LANGUAGE = “fr”)</td>
<td><svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewbox="0 0 448 512" style="height:1em;width:0.88em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#C7B41D;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M438.6 105.4c12.5 12.5 12.5 32.8 0 45.3l-256 256c-12.5 12.5-32.8 12.5-45.3 0l-128-128c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.8 0-45.3s32.8-12.5 45.3 0L160 338.7 393.4 105.4c12.5-12.5 32.8-12.5 45.3 0z"></path></svg></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>E. x <- 1:5</td>
<td><svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewbox="0 0 384 512" style="height:1em;width:0.75em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:white;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M342.6 150.6c12.5-12.5 12.5-32.8 0-45.3s-32.8-12.5-45.3 0L192 210.7 86.6 105.4c-12.5-12.5-32.8-12.5-45.3 0s-12.5 32.8 0 45.3L146.7 256 41.4 361.4c-12.5 12.5-12.5 32.8 0 45.3s32.8 12.5 45.3 0L192 301.3 297.4 406.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0s12.5-32.8 0-45.3L237.3 256 342.6 150.6z"></path></svg></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>F. attach(iris)</td>
<td><svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewbox="0 0 448 512" style="height:1em;width:0.88em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#C7B41D;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M438.6 105.4c12.5 12.5 12.5 32.8 0 45.3l-256 256c-12.5 12.5-32.8 12.5-45.3 0l-128-128c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.8 0-45.3s32.8-12.5 45.3 0L160 338.7 393.4 105.4c12.5-12.5 32.8-12.5 45.3 0z"></path></svg></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</section>
<section id="your-turn-exercise-00" class="slide level2">
<h2>Your turn, exercise 00</h2>
<p>Either on your Posit cloud workspace or your personal computer…</p>
<p><brshort></brshort></p>
<div class="question">
<p>Set your Workspace options as shown.</p>
</div>
<p><code>Tools -> Global Options -> Workspace</code></p>
<div class="columns">
<div class="column" style="width:50%;">
<p><img data-src="img/workspace-options.PNG"></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
<div class="cell-output-display">
<div class="countdown" id="timer_addc36c3" data-update-every="1" data-play-sound="true" tabindex="0" style="right:0;bottom:0;font-size:2em;">
<div class="countdown-controls"><button class="countdown-bump-down">−</button><button class="countdown-bump-up">+</button></div>
<code class="countdown-time"><span class="countdown-digits minutes">02</span><span class="countdown-digits colon">:</span><span class="countdown-digits seconds">00</span></code>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="but-what-if" class="slide level2">
<h2>But what if</h2>
<img data-src="img/swat-bugs.gif" class="r-stretch"><div class="footer">
<p><a href="https://giphy.com/gifs/TreehouseDirect-agent-binky-8UabbehIqkR0akDt1y" class="uri">https://giphy.com/gifs/TreehouseDirect-agent-binky-8UabbehIqkR0akDt1y</a></p>
</div>
</section></section>
<section>
<section id="moving-on" class="title-slide slide level1 center">
<h1>Moving on</h1>
<p><br></p>
<div class="r-fit-text">
<p>from troubleshooting to…</p>
</div>
<p><brshort></brshort></p>
<div class="r-fit-text">
<p>formal <code>debugging</code> techniques.</p>
</div>
</section>
<section id="key-concepts" class="slide level2">
<h2>Key concepts</h2>
<p><br></p>
<p><svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewbox="0 0 576 512" style="height:1em;width:1.12em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:white;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M256 32H181.2c-27.1 0-51.3 17.1-60.3 42.6L3.1 407.2C1.1 413 0 419.2 0 425.4C0 455.5 24.5 480 54.6 480H256V416c0-17.7 14.3-32 32-32s32 14.3 32 32v64H521.4c30.2 0 54.6-24.5 54.6-54.6c0-6.2-1.1-12.4-3.1-18.2L455.1 74.6C446 49.1 421.9 32 394.8 32H320V96c0 17.7-14.3 32-32 32s-32-14.3-32-32V32zm64 192v64c0 17.7-14.3 32-32 32s-32-14.3-32-32V224c0-17.7 14.3-32 32-32s32 14.3 32 32z"></path></svg> traceback</p>
<p> <code>location</code> where did the error occur</p>
<p><br></p>
<p><svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewbox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:white;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M256 0c53 0 96 43 96 96v3.6c0 15.7-12.7 28.4-28.4 28.4H188.4c-15.7 0-28.4-12.7-28.4-28.4V96c0-53 43-96 96-96zM41.4 105.4c12.5-12.5 32.8-12.5 45.3 0l64 64c.7 .7 1.3 1.4 1.9 2.1c14.2-7.3 30.4-11.4 47.5-11.4H312c17.1 0 33.2 4.1 47.5 11.4c.6-.7 1.2-1.4 1.9-2.1l64-64c12.5-12.5 32.8-12.5 45.3 0s12.5 32.8 0 45.3l-64 64c-.7 .7-1.4 1.3-2.1 1.9c6.2 12 10.1 25.3 11.1 39.5H480c17.7 0 32 14.3 32 32s-14.3 32-32 32H416c0 24.6-5.5 47.8-15.4 68.6c2.2 1.3 4.2 2.9 6 4.8l64 64c12.5 12.5 12.5 32.8 0 45.3s-32.8 12.5-45.3 0l-63.1-63.1c-24.5 21.8-55.8 36.2-90.3 39.6V240c0-8.8-7.2-16-16-16s-16 7.2-16 16V479.2c-34.5-3.4-65.8-17.8-90.3-39.6L86.6 502.6c-12.5 12.5-32.8 12.5-45.3 0s-12.5-32.8 0-45.3l64-64c1.9-1.9 3.9-3.4 6-4.8C101.5 367.8 96 344.6 96 320H32c-17.7 0-32-14.3-32-32s14.3-32 32-32H96.3c1.1-14.1 5-27.5 11.1-39.5c-.7-.6-1.4-1.2-2.1-1.9l-64-64c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.8 0-45.3z"></path></svg> interactive debugger</p>
<p> <code>context</code> why did the error occur</p>
<p><br></p>
<p><svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewbox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:white;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M416 208c0 45.9-14.9 88.3-40 122.7L502.6 457.4c12.5 12.5 12.5 32.8 0 45.3s-32.8 12.5-45.3 0L330.7 376c-34.4 25.2-76.8 40-122.7 40C93.1 416 0 322.9 0 208S93.1 0 208 0S416 93.1 416 208zM208 352a144 144 0 1 0 0-288 144 144 0 1 0 0 288z"></path></svg> your code vs <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewbox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:white;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M64 416L168.6 180.7c15.3-34.4 40.3-63.5 72-83.7l146.9-94c3-1.9 6.5-2.9 10-2.9C407.7 0 416 8.3 416 18.6v1.6c0 2.6-.5 5.1-1.4 7.5L354.8 176.9c-1.9 4.7-2.8 9.7-2.8 14.7c0 5.5 1.2 11 3.4 16.1L448 416H240.9l11.8-35.4 40.4-13.5c6.5-2.2 10.9-8.3 10.9-15.2s-4.4-13-10.9-15.2l-40.4-13.5-13.5-40.4C237 276.4 230.9 272 224 272s-13 4.4-15.2 10.9l-13.5 40.4-40.4 13.5C148.4 339 144 345.1 144 352s4.4 13 10.9 15.2l40.4 13.5L207.1 416H64zM279.6 141.5c-1.1-3.3-4.1-5.5-7.6-5.5s-6.5 2.2-7.6 5.5l-6.7 20.2-20.2 6.7c-3.3 1.1-5.5 4.1-5.5 7.6s2.2 6.5 5.5 7.6l20.2 6.7 6.7 20.2c1.1 3.3 4.1 5.5 7.6 5.5s6.5-2.2 7.6-5.5l6.7-20.2 20.2-6.7c3.3-1.1 5.5-4.1 5.5-7.6s-2.2-6.5-5.5-7.6l-20.2-6.7-6.7-20.2zM32 448H480c17.7 0 32 14.3 32 32s-14.3 32-32 32H32c-17.7 0-32-14.3-32-32s14.3-32 32-32z"></path></svg> their code</p>
<aside class="notes">
<p>interactive debugging: pause the execution of a function and launch environment where you can interactively explore what’s happening</p>
<style type="text/css">
span.MJX_Assistive_MathML {
position:absolute!important;
clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);
padding: 1px 0 0 0!important;
border: 0!important;
height: 1px!important;
width: 1px!important;
overflow: hidden!important;
display:block!important;
}</style></aside>
</section>
<section id="debugging-tools" class="slide level2">
<h2>Debugging tools</h2>
<img data-src="img/debugging_tools.svg" class="r-stretch"><aside class="notes">
<p>source for image in google slides at</p>
<p>https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/14mqGirw4TnblqSFY0Tk30YrxkAwIrz1xo4nMIwgqk_o/edit?u sp=sharing</p>
<style type="text/css">
span.MJX_Assistive_MathML {
position:absolute!important;
clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);
padding: 1px 0 0 0!important;
border: 0!important;
height: 1px!important;
width: 1px!important;
overflow: hidden!important;
display:block!important;
}</style></aside>
</section>
<section id="section" class="slide level2">
<h2></h2>
<div class="r-fit-text">
<p>This is a lot.</p>
</div>
<div class="fragment">
<p><br></p>
<p>These tools achieve similar objectives slightly differently.</p>
<p><br></p>
<p>People don’t generally use <em>all</em> of these tools at once. They pick and choose the ones they like.</p>
</div>
</section></section>
<section>
<section id="debugging-your-code" class="title-slide slide level1 center">
<h1>Debugging your code</h1>
</section>
<section id="debugging-your-code-1" class="slide level2">
<h2>Debugging your code</h2>
<img data-src="img/debugging_yours.svg" class="r-stretch"></section>
<section id="sourcing" class="slide level2">
<h2>Sourcing</h2>
<p><br></p>
<p>⚠️ name your script with functions</p>
<p><brshort></brshort></p>
<p>⚠️ source your script with functions</p>
<p><brshort></brshort></p>
<p>for the best debugging experience 😎</p>
<p><br></p>
<img data-src="img/source-marked.jpg" class="r-stretch"></section>
<section id="set-up" class="slide level2">
<h2>Set up</h2>
<p><br></p>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb1"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource r number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb1-1"><a href="#cb1-1"></a>f <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="cf">function</span>(x) {</span>
<span id="cb1-2"><a href="#cb1-2"></a> x <span class="sc">+</span> <span class="dv">1</span></span>
<span id="cb1-3"><a href="#cb1-3"></a>}</span>
<span id="cb1-4"><a href="#cb1-4"></a></span>
<span id="cb1-5"><a href="#cb1-5"></a>g <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="cf">function</span>(x) <span class="fu">f</span>(x)</span>
<span id="cb1-6"><a href="#cb1-6"></a></span>
<span id="cb1-7"><a href="#cb1-7"></a><span class="fu">g</span>(<span class="st">"a"</span>)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-error">
<pre><code>Error in x + 1: non-numeric argument to binary operator</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="traceback" class="slide level2">
<h2>traceback()</h2>
<p><br></p>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb3" data-code-line-numbers="3"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource r number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb3-1"><a href="#cb3-1"></a><span class="fu">source</span>(<span class="st">"demo/my_functions.R"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb3-2"><a href="#cb3-2"></a><span class="fu">g</span>(<span class="st">"a"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb3-3"><a href="#cb3-3"></a><span class="fu">traceback</span>()</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
</div>
<img data-src="img/traceback.PNG" class="r-stretch"><p><br></p>
<p>shows the sequence of calls that lead to the error.</p>
<aside class="notes">
<p>used interactively in console, called for last error observed</p>
<style type="text/css">
span.MJX_Assistive_MathML {
position:absolute!important;
clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);
padding: 1px 0 0 0!important;
border: 0!important;
height: 1px!important;
width: 1px!important;
overflow: hidden!important;
display:block!important;
}</style></aside>
<div class="footer">
<p>the trace back is also known as: <br> call stack, stack trace, & back trace</p>
</div>
</section>
<section id="richer-traceback" class="slide level2">
<h2>Richer traceback</h2>
<p><br></p>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb4" data-code-line-numbers="5"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource r number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb4-1"><a href="#cb4-1"></a><span class="fu">source</span>(<span class="st">"demo/my_functions.R"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb4-2"><a href="#cb4-2"></a><span class="fu">options</span>(<span class="at">error =</span> rlang<span class="sc">::</span>entrace) </span>
<span id="cb4-3"><a href="#cb4-3"></a><span class="fu">g</span>(<span class="st">"a"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb4-4"><a href="#cb4-4"></a>rlang<span class="sc">::</span><span class="fu">last_trace</span>()</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
</div>
<img data-src="img/rlang_last-trace.PNG" class="r-stretch"><p><br></p>
<p><code>options(error = rlang::entrace)</code> <br> could go in your <code>.Rprofile</code></p>
</section>
<section id="traceback-vs-rlang-functions" class="slide level2">
<h2>traceback vs rlang functions</h2>
<p><br></p>
<p>Numbering and ordering differs between <code>traceback()</code> and rlang functions.</p>
<p><brshort></brshort></p>
<img data-src="img/traceback-ordering.PNG" class="r-stretch"><div class="footer">
<p><a href="https://adv-r.hadley.nz/debugging.html#call-stack-ordering" class="uri">https://adv-r.hadley.nz/debugging.html#call-stack-ordering</a></p>
</div>
</section>
<section id="browser" class="slide level2">
<h2>browser()</h2>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb5" data-code-line-numbers="2"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource r number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb5-1"><a href="#cb5-1"></a>f <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="cf">function</span>(x) {</span>
<span id="cb5-2"><a href="#cb5-2"></a> <span class="fu">browser</span>()</span>
<span id="cb5-3"><a href="#cb5-3"></a> x <span class="sc">+</span> <span class="dv">1</span></span>
<span id="cb5-4"><a href="#cb5-4"></a>}</span>
<span id="cb5-5"><a href="#cb5-5"></a></span>
<span id="cb5-6"><a href="#cb5-6"></a>g <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="cf">function</span>(x) <span class="fu">f</span>(x)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
</div>
<p><br></p>
<p><code>browser()</code> opens the interactive debugger.</p>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>Modify the function by inserting a <code>browser()</code> statement.</p></li>
<li><p>Source the function.</p></li>
<li><p>Execute the function.</p></li>
</ol>
</section>
<section id="interactive-debugger" class="slide level2">
<h2>Interactive debugger</h2>
<img data-src="img/interactive-debugger.PNG" class="r-stretch"></section>
<section id="interactive-debugger-tips" class="slide level2">
<h2>Interactive debugger tips</h2>
<p><br></p>
<div class="columns">
<div class="column" style="width:35%;">
<p>Investigate objects</p>
<p><br></p>
<p><br></p>
<p>Control execution</p>
</div><div class="column" style="width:5%;">
</div><div class="column" style="width:55%;">
<p><code>ls()</code>, <code>ls.str()</code>,<br> <code>str()</code>, <code>print()</code></p>
<p><br></p>
<div class="small">
<table>
<thead>
<tr class="header">
<th>command</th>
<th>operation</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td><code>n</code></td>
<td>next statement</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><code>c</code></td>
<td>continue (leave interactive debugging)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><code>s</code></td>
<td>step into function call</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><code>f</code></td>
<td>finish loop / function</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><code>where</code></td>
<td>show previous calls</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><code>Q</code></td>
<td>quit debugger</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="debugging-your-code-2" class="slide level2">
<h2>Debugging your code</h2>
<img data-src="img/debugging_yours.svg" class="r-stretch"></section>
<section id="your-turn-exercise-01" class="slide level2">
<h2>Your turn, exercise 01</h2>
<p>Enter Posit cloud or work locally via <code>usethis::use_course("rstats-wtf/wtf-debugging")</code> (<a href="https://github.com/rstats-wtf/wtf-debugging" class="uri">https://github.com/rstats-wtf/wtf-debugging</a>)</p>
<p><brshort></brshort></p>
<div class="question">
<p>Complete 01_exercise to practice debugging your own code.</p>
</div>
<div class="small">
<p>Check out the <code>README.md</code> for some getting started tips!</p>
<ul>
<li><p><code>01_debugging_spartan.R</code> (directions to explore without suggested code)</p></li>
<li><p><code>01_debugging_comfy.R</code> (directions to explore with suggested code)</p></li>
<li><p><code>01_debugging_solution.R</code> (directions to explore with code solutions)</p></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="cell">
<div class="cell-output-display">
<div class="countdown" id="timer_53523aee" data-update-every="1" data-play-sound="true" tabindex="0" style="right:0;bottom:0;font-size:2em;">
<div class="countdown-controls"><button class="countdown-bump-down">−</button><button class="countdown-bump-up">+</button></div>
<code class="countdown-time"><span class="countdown-digits minutes">15</span><span class="countdown-digits colon">:</span><span class="countdown-digits seconds">00</span></code>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="footer">
<p><a href="https://github.com/rstats-wtf/wtf-debugging" class="uri">https://github.com/rstats-wtf/wtf-debugging</a></p>
</div>
</section></section>
<section>
<section id="debugging-in-rstudio" class="title-slide slide level1 center">
<h1>Debugging in RStudio</h1>
</section>
<section id="debugging-in-the-rstudio-ide" class="slide level2">
<h2>Debugging in the RStudio IDE</h2>
<img data-src="img/debugging_ide.svg" class="r-stretch"></section>
<section id="editor-breakpoints" class="slide level2">
<h2>Editor breakpoints</h2>
<p>red circle = breakpoint = <code>browser()</code></p>
<p>(but you don’t have to change your code)</p>
<img data-src="img/breakpoint.PNG" class="r-stretch"><div class="fragment">
<p>Set / re-set an editor breakpoint:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>click to the left of the line number in the source file</p></li>
<li><p>press Shift+F9 with your cursor on the line</p></li>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
<section id="editor-breakpoints-1" class="slide level2">
<h2>Editor breakpoints</h2>
<p>red circle = breakpoint = <code>browser()</code></p>
<p>(but you don’t have to change your code)</p>
<img data-src="img/breakpoint.PNG" class="r-stretch"><p>To activate, either</p>
<ul>
<li><p>click IDE Source button, or</p></li>
<li><p><code>debugSource(</code>“demo/my_functions.R”<code>)</code></p></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="debugging-console" class="slide level2">
<h2>Debugging console</h2>
<img data-src="img/cheatsheet-debug-console.PNG" class="r-stretch"><div class="footer">
<p>RStudio IDE cheatsheet</p>
<p><a href="https://www.rstudio.com/resources/cheatsheets/" class="uri">https://www.rstudio.com/resources/cheatsheets/</a></p>
</div>
</section>
<section id="ide-on-error" class="slide level2">
<h2>IDE on error</h2>
<div class="columns">
<div class="column" style="width:45%;">
<p>Automatically invoke actions on error.</p>
<p><img data-src="img/IDE_debug_menu_crop.png"></p>
</div><div class="column fragment" style="width:55%;">
<p>New set up for demonstration.</p>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb6"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource r number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb6-1"><a href="#cb6-1"></a>f <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="cf">function</span>(x) { <span class="fu">strsplit</span>(x, <span class="st">","</span>) }</span>
<span id="cb6-2"><a href="#cb6-2"></a>g <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="cf">function</span>(x) { <span class="fu">f</span>(x) }</span>
<span id="cb6-3"><a href="#cb6-3"></a><span class="fu">g</span>(<span class="st">"a,b"</span>)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>[[1]]
[1] "a" "b"</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<p><br></p>
<div class="fragment">
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb8"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource r number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb8-1"><a href="#cb8-1"></a><span class="fu">g</span>(<span class="fu">factor</span>(<span class="st">"a,b"</span>))</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-error">
<pre><code>Error in strsplit(x, ","): non-character argument</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="ide-message-only" class="slide level2">
<h2>IDE message only</h2>
<p><br></p>
<img data-src="img/IDE_message-only.PNG" class="r-stretch"></section>
<section id="ide-error-inspector" class="slide level2">
<h2>IDE error inspector</h2>
<p><br></p>
<img data-src="img/IDE_error-inspector.PNG" class="r-stretch"></section>
<section id="ide-break-in-code" class="slide level2">
<h2>IDE break in code</h2>
<p><br></p>
<img data-src="img/IDE_break-in-code.PNG" class="r-stretch"></section>
<section id="error-inspector" class="slide level2">
<h2>Error inspector</h2>
<div class="columns">
<div class="column" style="width:58%;">
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb10"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource r number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb10-1"><a href="#cb10-1"></a><span class="co"># IDE Error Inspector not triggered</span></span>
<span id="cb10-2"><a href="#cb10-2"></a>f <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="cf">function</span>(x) x <span class="sc">+</span> <span class="dv">1</span></span>
<span id="cb10-3"><a href="#cb10-3"></a>g <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="cf">function</span>(x) <span class="fu">f</span>(x)</span>
<span id="cb10-4"><a href="#cb10-4"></a><span class="fu">g</span>(<span class="st">"a"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb10-5"><a href="#cb10-5"></a></span>
<span id="cb10-6"><a href="#cb10-6"></a><span class="co"># IDE Error Inspector not triggered</span></span>
<span id="cb10-7"><a href="#cb10-7"></a><span class="fu">strsplit</span>(<span class="fu">factor</span>(<span class="st">"a,b"</span>), <span class="st">","</span>)</span>
<span id="cb10-8"><a href="#cb10-8"></a></span>
<span id="cb10-9"><a href="#cb10-9"></a><span class="co"># IDE Error Inspector not triggered</span></span>
<span id="cb10-10"><a href="#cb10-10"></a>f <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="cf">function</span>(x) <span class="fu">strsplit</span>(x, <span class="st">","</span>)</span>
<span id="cb10-11"><a href="#cb10-11"></a><span class="fu">f</span>(<span class="fu">factor</span>(<span class="st">"a,b"</span>))</span>
<span id="cb10-12"><a href="#cb10-12"></a></span>
<span id="cb10-13"><a href="#cb10-13"></a><span class="co"># IDE Error Inspector yes triggered</span></span>
<span id="cb10-14"><a href="#cb10-14"></a>g <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="cf">function</span>(x) <span class="fu">f</span>(x)</span>
<span id="cb10-15"><a href="#cb10-15"></a><span class="fu">g</span>(<span class="fu">factor</span>(<span class="st">"a,b"</span>))</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
</div>
</div><div class="column" style="width:5%;">
</div><div class="column" style="width:35%;">
<p><br> The error inspector is only invoked if <code>your</code> <code>code</code> is involved.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="footer">
<p>To have RStudio invoke the debugger on any error,</p>
<p><code>Tools -> Global Options -> General -> Advanced -> Debugging</code></p>
<p><em>uncheck</em> <code>Use debug error handler only when my code contains errors.</code></p>
</div>
</section>
<section id="debugging-in-the-rstudio-ide-1" class="slide level2">
<h2>Debugging in the RStudio IDE</h2>
<img data-src="img/debugging_ide.svg" class="r-stretch"></section>
<section id="your-turn-exercise-02" class="slide level2">
<h2>Your turn, exercise 02</h2>
<p><br></p>
<div class="question">
<p>Complete 02_exercise to practice debugging a slightly different version of your own code, using features from the RStudio IDE.</p>
</div>
<div class="cell">
<div class="cell-output-display">
<div class="countdown" id="timer_d6604cc6" data-update-every="1" tabindex="0" style="right:0;bottom:0;">
<div class="countdown-controls"><button class="countdown-bump-down">−</button><button class="countdown-bump-up">+</button></div>
<code class="countdown-time"><span class="countdown-digits minutes">07</span><span class="countdown-digits colon">:</span><span class="countdown-digits seconds">00</span></code>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="footer">
<p><a href="https://github.com/rstats-wtf/wtf-debugging" class="uri">https://github.com/rstats-wtf/wtf-debugging</a></p>
</div>