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<!-- Creator : groff version 1.22.4 -->
<!-- CreationDate: Wed May 20 17:25:31 2020 -->
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta name="generator" content="groff -Thtml, see www.gnu.org">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=US-ASCII">
<meta name="Content-Style" content="text/css">
<style type="text/css">
p { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; vertical-align: top }
pre { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; vertical-align: top }
table { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; vertical-align: top }
h1 { text-align: center }
</style>
<title>mintty</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1 align="center">mintty</h1>
<a href="#NAME">NAME</a><br>
<a href="#SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a><br>
<a href="#DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a><br>
<a href="#INVOCATION">INVOCATION</a><br>
<a href="#OPTIONS">OPTIONS</a><br>
<a href="#USAGE">USAGE</a><br>
<a href="#CONFIGURATION">CONFIGURATION</a><br>
<a href="#LIMITATIONS">LIMITATIONS</a><br>
<a href="#SEE ALSO">SEE ALSO</a><br>
<a href="#LICENSE">LICENSE</a><br>
<a href="#CONTACT">CONTACT</a><br>
<hr>
<h2>NAME
<a name="NAME"></a>
</h2>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">mintty –
Cygwin terminal emulator</p>
<h2>SYNOPSIS
<a name="SYNOPSIS"></a>
</h2>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>mintty</b>
[<i>OPTION</i>]... [ <b>-</b> | <i>PROGRAM</i>
[<i>ARG</i>]... ]</p>
<h2>DESCRIPTION
<a name="DESCRIPTION"></a>
</h2>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>Mintty</b>
is a terminal emulator for Cygwin with a native Windows user
interface and minimalist design. Its terminal emulation is
largely compatible with <b>xterm</b>, but it does not
require an X server.</p>
<h2>INVOCATION
<a name="INVOCATION"></a>
</h2>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">If a program
name is supplied on the command line, this is executed with
any additional arguments given. Otherwise, mintty looks for
a shell to execute in the <i>SHELL</i> environment variable.
If that is not set, it reads the user’s default shell
setting from <i>/etc/passwd</i>. As a last resort, it falls
back to <i>/bin/sh</i>.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">If a single
dash is specified instead of a program name, the shell is
invoked as a login shell.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">Invocation by a
name of <b>wsl*</b><i>[-distro]</i> implies a
<b>--WSL</b><i>[=distro]</i> parameter.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">Mintty supports
being started from a Windows desktop shortcut; it honours
window and icon settings of the shortcut, aligns taskbar
grouping with the shortcut, disables daemonizing, and sets
environment variable MINTTY_SHORTCUT to its pathname.</p>
<h2>OPTIONS
<a name="OPTIONS"></a>
</h2>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">The standard
GNU option formats are accepted, with single dashes
introducing short options and double dashes introducing long
options. <br>
Note that setting <b>ShortLongOpts</b> enables single-dash
long options. <b><br>
-c</b>, <b>--config</b> <i>FILENAME</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Read settings from the
specified configuration file, in addition to the default
config files. Configuration changes are saved to the last
file thus specified.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>-C</b>, <b>--loadconfig</b>
<i>FILENAME</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Read settings from the
specified configuration file, in addition to the default
config files. The file is not taken into account for saving
configuration changes. This is useful to mix-in partial
configuration variants, particularly colour schemes.
However, <b>-o ThemeFile=</b><i>FILENAME</i> <b>may be
preferable.</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>--configdir</b>
<i>DIRNAME</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Use the given directory to
check for resource subdirectories (<i>themes</i>,
<i>sounds</i>, <i>lang</i>, <i>emojis</i>, <i>icon</i>);
also read settings from the configuration file
<i>DIRNAME</i>/<b>config</b>, in addition to the default
config files, and save configuration changes here.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>--dir</b>
<i>directory</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Change initial directory to
start in. This is especially useful for invocation of mintty
from a Windows context menu via registry entry.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>-e</b>, <b>--exec</b>
<i>PROGRAM</i> [<i>ARG</i> ...]</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Execute the specified program
in the terminal session and pass on any additional
arguments.</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%; margin-top: 1em">This option is
present for compatibility with other terminal emulators
only. It can be omitted, in which case the first non-option
argument, if any, is taken as the name of the program to
execute.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>-h</b>, <b>--hold
never</b>|<b>start</b>|<b>error</b>|<b>always</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Determine whether to keep the
terminal window open when the command has finished and no
more processes are connected to the terminal. The argument
can be abbreviated to a single letter.</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%; margin-top: 1em">By default, the
window is closed immediately, except if the child process
has exited with status 255, which is used to indicate
failure to execute the shell command. (Exit status 255 is
also used by <b>ssh</b> to indicate connection errors.)</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%; margin-top: 1em">Alternatively,
the window can be set to never stay open, to always stay
open, or to stay open only if the child process terminates
with an error, i.e. with a non-zero exit status or due to a
signal indicating a runtime error.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>-i</b>, <b>--icon</b>
<i>FILE</i>[<b>,</b><i>INDEX</i><b>]</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Load the window icon from an
executable, DLL, or icon file. The optional comma-separated
index can be used to select a particular icon in a file with
multiple icons.</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%; margin-top: 1em"><i>Note:</i>
About interaction problems of icon, shortcut, and the
Windows taskbar: In a Windows desktop shortcut, it is
suggested not to use this option in the Target command line,
as mintty will detect and use the icon from the invoking
shortcut (Change Icon...), also resolving a leading Windows
environment variable (like %SystemRoot%).</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>-l</b>, <b>--log</b>
<i>FILE</i>|<b>-</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Copy all output into the
specified log file, or standard output if a dash is given
instead of a file name. (Implies <b>-o Logging=yes</b>.)</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%; margin-top: 1em">If FILE
contains <b>%d</b> it will be substituted with the process
ID. See description of equivalent option "Log
file" (Log=) below for further formatting options and
hints.</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%; margin-top: 1em">Note that
logging can be toggled from the extended context menu.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>--logfile</b>
<i>FILE</i>|<b>-</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Like <b>--log</b> but with
logging initially disabled, so just specifying a potential
log file name in case logging is enabled from the extended
context menu. (Equivalent to combining <b>--log</b> with
<b>-o Logging=no</b>.)</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>-o</b>, <b>--option</b>
<i>NAME</i>=<i>VALUE</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Override the named config file
option with the given value, e.g. <tt>-o
ScrollbackLines=1000</tt>.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>-p</b>, <b>--position</b>
<i>X</i><b>,</b><i>Y</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Open the window with its top
left corner at the specified coordinates. Instead of
coordinates, "centre" or "center" can be
specified to place the window in the screen centre, and
"right" or "bottom" can be specified to
align the right or bottom window border with the right or
bottom screen border (together with another option -p to
specify an offset).</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%; margin-top: 1em">Option value
"@N" where N is a number places the window on
monitor N.</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%; margin-top: 1em">Multiple -p
options can be combined; coordinates have a different
meaning depending on other options: <br>
– With "left", "top", or
"@N", related coordinates are relative to the
monitor. <br>
– With "right" or "bottom",
related coordinates adjust the right or bottom window border
relative to the monitor. <br>
– Otherwise, coordinates are absolute and address the
common multi-monitor address space as provided by
Windows.</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%; margin-top: 1em"><i>Note:</i>
For another option to select the monitor for a new mintty
window, see the description of Alt+F2.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>-s</b>, <b>--size</b>
<i>COLS</i><b>,</b><i>ROWS</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Set the default size of the
window in character columns and rows. (The xterm-like syntax
<i>COLS</i><b>x</b><i>ROWS</i> <b>is accepted too.) Instead
of coordinates, "maxwidth" or
"maxheight" can be specified; this can be combined
with another parameter -s for the other dimension. The
dimension for which "max" is applied is ignored in
further -s or -p parameters. For example, mintty -s maxwidth
-p 0,0 -s 0,10 will start a window at full screen width,
positioned at the top of the screen, with 10 lines.</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>--nobidi, --nortl</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Disable bidi display
(right-to-left support). Same as <b>-o Bidi=0</b>.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>-t</b>, <b>--title</b>
<i>TITLE</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Use <i>TITLE</i> as the initial
window title. By default, the title is set to the executed
command.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>-T</b>, <b>--Title</b>
<i>TITLE</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Use <i>TITLE</i> as the
permanent window title. The title is not changeable by
control sequences. This feature is only available on the
command line.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>-B</b>, <b>--Border
frame</b>|<b>void</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Suppress window title, display
only a frame or no border. This feature is only available on
the command line. Note that frame border operations are also
disabled. However, a window move can also be done with
Ctrl+Alt+click-drag.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>-u</b>, <b>--utmp</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Create a utmp entry.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>-w</b>, <b>--window
normal</b>|<b>min</b>|<b>max</b>|<b>full</b>|<b>hide</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Set the initial window state:
normal, minimized, maximized, full screen, or hidden.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>--class</b> <i>CLASS</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Use <i>CLASS</i> as the window
class name of the main window. This allows scripting tools
to distinguish different mintty instances. The default is
"mintty".</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>-d</b>,
<b>--nodaemon</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Do not apply
"daemonizing". By default, mintty tries to detach
itself from the invoking terminal when started from a Cygwin
Console in order to avoid disabled signal reception, and
when cloning the window (Alt+F2) in order to avoid a
remaining zombie process.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>-D</b>, <b>--daemon</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Enforce
"daemonizing". By default, mintty tries to detach
itself from the invoking terminal only as described above.
With this option, it tries to detach always. This makes a
difference if a Windows "Shortcut key" is
configured in a Windows desktop shortcut for starting
mintty. Without daemonizing, the shortcut key will focus an
already running instance of mintty, with daemonizing it
always starts a new instance.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>-R</b>, <b>--Report</b>
<i>info/mode</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Report requested
information.</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%; margin-top: 1em">With values
"s" or "o", mintty reports the position
and size of the window when it exits. This can be used to
manage last window positions and reopen mintty windows
accordingly. Reporting mode is "s" or
"o" to choose short or long option syntax for the
restored (i.e. neither maximized nor minimized) geometry;
min/max/fullscreen information is added.</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%; margin-top: 1em">With value
"m", mintty reports the system’s monitor
configuration (listing all connected monitors and their
geometry and position in Windows’ virtual monitor
coordinate system), and exits.</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%; margin-top: 1em">With value
"f", mintty reports the monospace fonts installed
on the system as determined by mintty, and exits.</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%; margin-top: 1em">With value
"W", mintty lists installed WSL distributions and
properties, and exits.</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%; margin-top: 1em">With value
"p", mintty reports the PID of the child process
(e.g. the shell). With value "P", mintty reports
the cygwin PID and the Windows PID of the mintty process
(i.e. running the terminal).</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>--trace</b>
<i>OUTPUT</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">This option redirects reporting
(and debug) output to a file.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>--store-taskbar-properties</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Enable persistent storage of
Windows taskbar properties together with options AppName and
AppLaunchCmd.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>--nopin</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Prevent pinning of the mintty
window to the Windows taskbar.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>--wsl</b> (preferred option:
<b>--WSL</b>, see below)</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Adjust to WSL (the Windows
Subsystem for Linux, or Bash/Ubuntu on Windows): <br>
– When dragging a Windows file or folder into mintty,
it will be pasted using the Linux path name. <br>
– When Ctrl+clicking a file name, it will be
interpreted in the Linux namespace and converted before
opening in Windows. <br>
– Options DropCommands and setting MINTTY_PROG for
UserCommands are disabled. <br>
– The working directory of the current foreground
process (for click-opening pathnames) cannot be detected.
<br>
– Locale modification (@cjk...) is disabled.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>--WSL</b> <i>WSL
DISTRIBUTION NAME</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Run a WSL session, setting
other parameters as appropriate and involving the
<i>wslbridge2</i> gateway implicitly (which should be
installed in /bin for this purpose). If the distribution
name is empty, the default WSL installation is run;
otherwise, it refers to the installed WSL packages as listed
by the Windows tool <b>wslconfig /l</b>. Implies <b>--wsl -o
Locale=C -o Charset=UTF-8</b>, <b>--rootfs=</b>..., and
<b>--icon=</b>... if a respective icon file exists for the
distribution.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>--WSLmode</b> <i>WSL
DISTRIBUTION NAME</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Setup a WSL session for the
given distribution (like <b>--WSL</b>) but do not actually
launch WSL which must be achieved with explicit invocation
of a suitable gateway. The preferred option is <b>--WSL</b>
which invokes <i>/bin/wslbridge2</i> with proper arguments
as determined from the selected WSL distribution, in login
mode if requested and home directory preference if
requested.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>--rootfs</b>
<i>ROOTFOLDER</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Provide the root filesystem
folder to adjust path conversion properly for the respective
WSL installation.</p>
<table width="100%" border="0" rules="none" frame="void"
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p><b>-~</b></p></td>
<td width="8%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p>Start in the user’s home directory. Affects also
WSL sessions.</p></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>-H</b>, <b>--help</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Display a brief help message
and exit.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>-V</b>, <b>--version</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Print version information and
exit.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;">A number of xterm-style
convenience options are also available:</p>
<table width="100%" border="0" rules="none" frame="void"
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="6%">
<p><b>--fg</b></p></td>
<td width="5%"></td>
<td width="33%">
<p>Sets ForegroundColour.</p></td>
<td width="45%">
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="6%">
<p><b>--bg</b></p></td>
<td width="5%"></td>
<td width="33%">
<p>Sets BackgroundColour.</p></td>
<td width="45%">
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="6%">
<p><b>--cr</b></p></td>
<td width="5%"></td>
<td width="33%">
<p>Sets CursorColour.</p></td>
<td width="45%">
</td></tr>
</table>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>--selfg</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Sets
HighlightForegroundColour.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>--selbg</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Sets
HighlightBackgroundColour.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>--fn</b>, <b>--font</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Sets Font.</p>
<table width="100%" border="0" rules="none" frame="void"
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="6%">
<p><b>--fs</b></p></td>
<td width="5%"></td>
<td width="21%">
<p>Sets FontSize.</p></td>
<td width="57%">
</td></tr>
</table>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>--geometry</b>
<i>COLS</i><b>x</b><i>ROWS</i><b>[[-+]</b><i>X</i><b>[-+]</b><i>Y</i><b>][</b><i>@</i><b>MONITOR]</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Sets size and position,
extending xterm syntax by an optional monitor number.</p>
<table width="100%" border="0" rules="none" frame="void"
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="6%">
<p><b>--en</b></p></td>
<td width="5%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p>Sets Charset within the current locale.</p></td></tr>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="6%">
<p><b>--lf</b></p></td>
<td width="5%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p>Sets Log, the log file name. Use <b>-l</b> to both set
the log file name and enable logging.</p></td></tr>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="6%">
<p><b>--sl</b></p></td>
<td width="5%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p>Sets ScrollbackLines.</p></td></tr>
</table>
<h2>USAGE
<a name="USAGE"></a>
</h2>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">Mintty tries to
adhere to both Windows and Unix usage conventions. Where
they conflict, an option is usually provided. This section
primarily describes the default configuration; see the
<b>CONFIGURATION</b> section on how it can be
customised.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>Font
rendering</b> <br>
Mintty uses Windows Uniscribe font rendering to display a
wider range of characters; the TextOut API is automatically
used instead if suitable.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>Bidirectional
rendering</b> <br>
In addition to its default implicit bidirectional rendering
with automatic direction detection (according to the Unicode
Bidi algorithm), mintty supports ECMA-48 bidi modes and
private bidi modes to control switchable bidi behaviour per
line and partially per paragraph (i.e. within an
auto-wrapped line), as listed in
<i><a href="https://github.com/mintty/mintty/wiki/CtrlSeqs#bidirectional-rendering">https://github.com/mintty/mintty/wiki/CtrlSeqs#bidirectional-rendering</a></i>
. They follow the current status of the bidi mode model of
the <b>BiDi in Terminal Emulators</b> recommendation (
<i><a href="https://terminal-wg.pages.freedesktop.org/bidi/">https://terminal-wg.pages.freedesktop.org/bidi/</a></i>
).</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>Menus</b>
<br>
The context menu can be opened by right-clicking the mouse
(with Shift in case right-click has been redefined or
redirected to the application) or by pressing the
<b>Menu</b> key that is normally located next to the right
Ctrl key. If invoked while the Ctrl key is held down, an
extended context menu will be opened, with some additional
entries.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">Mintty also
adds a couple of items to the window menu, which can be
accessed by clicking on the program icon or pressing
<b>Alt+Space</b>.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">Both menus have
an entry that leads to the options dialog for changing
mintty’s configuration.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>Text
selection, copy & paste</b> <br>
Screen contents can be selected by holding down the left
mouse button and dragging the mouse. If Alt is held down
before the left mouse button, a rectangular block instead of
whole lines will be selected. The selection can be extended
by holding down <b>Shift</b> while left-clicking.
Double-clicking or triple-clicking selects a whole word or
line, whereby word selection includes special characters
that commonly appear in file names and URLs.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">By default,
selected text is automatically copied to the clipboard. This
can be disabled on the <b>Mouse</b> page of the options
dialog. Selected text can also be copied manually using
either the <b>Copy</b> menu command, the <b>Ctrl+Ins</b> or
<b>Ctrl+Shift+C</b> keyboard shortcuts (<b>Ctrl+C</b> with
option <b>CtrlExchangeShift=yes</b>), or the middle mouse
button combined with <b>Shift</b>.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">The selected
region is copied as "rich text" as well as normal
text, which means it can be pasted with colours and
formatting into applications that support it, e.g. word
processors ("true colour" attributes are not
supported).</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">The window
title can be copied using the <b>Copy Title</b> command in
the window menu.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">The clipboard
contents can be pasted using either the <b>Paste</b> menu
command, the <b>Shift+Ins</b> or <b>Ctrl+Shift+V</b>
keyboard shortcuts (<b>Ctrl+V</b> with option
<b>CtrlExchangeShift=yes</b>), or the middle mouse button.
Not only text but also files and directories can be pasted,
whereby the latter are inserted as Cygwin file names. Shell
quoting is added to file names that contain spaces or
special characters.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">Selection
highlighting is cleared on input by default. This can be
disabled with option <b>ClearSelectionOnInput=false</b>.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">The current
selection size can optionally been indicated with a popup,
enabled with option <b>SelectionShowSize</b>.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">Selection can
also be managed using the keyboard. Shift+middle-keypad-key
(Shift+"5") enters keyboard selecting mode
(modifier configurable). <b><br>
Elastic text selection</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">The traditional selection
behaviour of cell-based terminals is that a character
touched with the mouse is included in the selection. With
option <b>ElasticMouse</b>, text selection can be changed to
include the first and last characters only if they are
spanned at least halfway by the mouse dragging, like many
GUI application do.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>Drag &
drop</b> <br>
Text, files and directories can be dropped into the mintty
window. They are inserted in the same way as if they were
pasted from the clipboard.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>Opening
files, directories and URLs</b> <br>
Files, directories, URLs and web addresses beginning with
"www." can be opened either by holding <b>Ctrl</b>
while left-clicking on them (or double-clicking, if and as
enabled by option <b>OpeningClicks</b>), or by selecting
them and choosing the <b>Open</b> command from the context
menu. Embedded spaces are considered if escaped with a
backslash; for selected pathnames, also embedding quote
marks are considered.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">A relative
pathname is interpreted as relative to the current working
directory of the terminal foreground process if that can be
determined, overridden by the working directory
interactively communicated by the respective control
sequence (OSC 7).</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">Mintty also
supports the OSC 8 control to embed explicit hyperlinks
(similar to links on web pages), see
<i><a href="https://github.com/mintty/mintty/wiki/CtrlSeqs#hyperlinks">https://github.com/mintty/mintty/wiki/CtrlSeqs#hyperlinks</a></i>
.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><i>Note:</i>
While application mouse modes are enabled (as used by many
screen oriented applications), <b>Ctrl+Shift+click</b> can
be used to override it. <b><br>
Hovering files, directories and URLs</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">The file names and links
subject to opening are indicated by underlining when
mouse-hovering over them (i.e. when moving the mouse) while
the Control key is pressed. The colour used for hovering
underlines can be configured with <b>HoverColour</b>.
Explicit hyperlinks are displayed in the window title when
hovering them; this can be disabled with
<b>HoverTitle</b>.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>Font
zoom</b> <br>
The font size can be increased or decreased using the
keyboard shortcuts <b>Ctrl+(keypad-)plus</b> and
<b>Ctrl+(keypad-)minus</b>, or by holding <b>Ctrl</b> while
rolling the mouse wheel. <b>Ctrl+zero</b> or
<b>Ctrl+middle-mouse click</b> returns the font size to the
default. <i><br>
Shift-coupled window-with-font zooming:</i> If Shift is also
held while zooming, the window will be resized to scale
together with the font, keeping the terminal character size
if possible. This is not applied to the shifted numeric
keypad "0" (which has other meaning) and to the
shifted normal (non-keypad) "-" and "+"
keys (because the shifted key could have a valid mapping,
e.g. Ctrl+_, or the "+" key could be shifted
itself already). <br>
Zooming by keyboard or mouse can be disabled, respectively,
with options ZoomShortcuts=no or ZoomMouse=no.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>Drag
resize</b> <br>
The usual windows function to drag on the window border
resizes the terminal. <i><br>
Shift-coupled font-with-window zooming:</i> If Shift is also
held while resizing, but Control is not held, the font will
be scaled along with the resizing, unless disabled with
ZoomFontWithWindow=false (which would help to avoid
interference with certain shifted hotkeys configured to
resize the window). <br>
Note that due to the different height/width factors, coupled
font zooming is not a precise operation.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>DPI
change</b> <br>
When DPI setting changes (by reconfiguration of display
properties "what’s on your screen ...
smaller/medium/larger" or moving the mintty window
between monitors with different DPI settings), mintty adapts
its screen size to avoid Windows blurred auto-adaptation. If
Shift is also held during the change, the font will be
scaled too, roughly maintaining the screen dimensions.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>Full
screen</b> <br>
Full screen mode can be toggled using either the <b>Full
Screen</b> command in the menu or either of the
<b>Alt+Enter</b> and <b>Alt+F11</b> keyboard shortcuts, or
the generic functions of the window title bar.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>Default
size</b> <br>
If the window has been resized, it can be returned to the
default size set in the Window pane of the options using the
<b>Default size</b> command in the menu or the
<b>Alt+F10</b> shortcut. <b>Shift+Alt+F10</b> also restores
the font size to its default.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>Reset</b>
<br>
Sometimes a faulty application or printing a binary file
will leave the terminal in an unusable state. In that case,
resetting the terminal’s state via the <b>Reset</b>
command in the menu or the <b>Alt+F8</b> keyboard shortcut
may help.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>Scrolling</b>
<br>
Mintty has a scrollback buffer that can hold up to 10000
lines in the default configuration. It can be accessed using
the scrollbar, the mouse wheel, or the keyboard. Hold the
<b>Shift</b> key while pressing the <b>Up</b> and
<b>Down</b> arrow keys to scroll line-by-line or the
<b>PageUp</b> and <b>PageDown</b> keys to scroll
page-by-page. With option <b>KeyFunctions</b>, user-defined
keys can be used for scrolling.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>Searching in
the text and scrollback buffer</b> <br>
The <b>Search</b> menu command and <b>Alt+F3</b> shorcut
open a search bar with an input field for a search string.
Matches are highlighted in the scrollback buffer.
<b>Enter</b>/<b>Shift+Enter</b> find the next/previous
position of the match and scrolls the scrollback buffer
accordingly. <b>Tab</b> focusses back into the terminal pane
of the window. The appearance of the search bar and the
matching highlight colours can be customized. <br>
Matching is case-insensitive and ignores combining
characters.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">Shift+cursor-left/right
offers another scrolling feature. If prompt lines are marked
with scroll markers they navigate to the previous/next
prompt, to provide a better orientation among the output of
previously invoked commands. See the Control Sequences wiki
page
<i><a href="https://github.com/mintty/mintty/wiki/CtrlSeqs#scroll-markers">https://github.com/mintty/mintty/wiki/CtrlSeqs#scroll-markers</a></i>
for details.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>Flip
screen</b> <br>
Applications such as editors and file viewers normally use a
terminal feature called the alternate screen, which is a
second screen buffer without scrollback. When they exit,
they switch back to the primary screen to restore the
command line as it was before invoking the application.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">The <b>Flip
Screen</b> menu command and <b>Alt+F12</b> shortcut allow
looking at the primary screen while the alternate screen is
active, and vice versa. For example, this allows to refer to
past commands while editing a file.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>Switching
session</b> <br>
The <b>Ctrl+Tab</b> and <b>Ctrl+Shift+Tab</b> shortcuts can
be used to cycle through mintty windows. Minimized windows
are skipped unless both <b>Ctrl</b> keys are used.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>Virtual
Tabs</b> <br>
The Virtual Tabs feature provides a list of all running
mintty sessions (session switcher) as well as configurable
launch parameters for new sessions (session launcher). The
session list is shown when right-clicking the title bar (if
virtual tabs mode is configured or with Ctrl) or
ctrl+left-clicking it. By default, the list is also shown in
the extended context menu (Ctrl+right-click), the mouse
button 5 menu, and the menus opened with the Ctrl+Menu key
and the Ctrl+Shift+I shortcut (if enabled). (Menu contents
for the various context menu invocations is configurable.)
For configuration, see settings <b>SessionCommands</b>,
<b>Menu*</b>, and <b>SessionGeomSync</b>. Distinct sets of
sessions can be set up with the setting <b>-o
Class=...</b>.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">Virtual Tabs
can be switched quickly with user-defined key assignments,
using user-definable functions
switch-[visible-](prev|next).</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>Closing a
session</b> <br>
Clicking the window’s close button, pressing
<b>Alt+F4</b>, or choosing <b>Close</b> from the window menu
sends a <i>SIGHUP</i> signal to the process running in
mintty, which normally causes it to exit.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">That signal can
be ignored, though, in which case the program might have to
be forced to terminate by sending a <i>SIGKILL</i> signal
instead. This can be done by holding down <b>Shift</b> when
using the close button, shortcut or menu item.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>Terminal
Break</b> <br>
A traditional BRK event on a serial terminal connection can
be simulated. The Break is available in the extended context
menu and it can be mapped to the Break key (or other
user-defined key) by configuration. Note, however, that a
BRK can be ignored by configuration of the terminal device
(pty) or can be ignored by an application by catching the
SIGINT signal. For more forceful interruption of the
terminal client application, see the Tips wiki page
<i><a href="https://github.com/mintty/mintty/wiki/Tips#terminating-the-foreground-program">https://github.com/mintty/mintty/wiki/Tips#terminating-the-foreground-program</a></i>
.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">Note that
Ctrl+C is often configured to raise a SIGINT signal.
However, this is not a terminal feature and can also be
reconfigured (stty), so in fact BRK and Ctrl+C are
inherently different functions.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>Mouse
tracking</b> <br>
When an application activates mouse tracking, mouse events
are sent to the application rather than being treated as
window events. This is indicated by the mouse pointer
changing from an <b>I</b> shape to an arrow. Holding down
<b>Shift</b> overrides mouse tracking mode and sends mouse
events to the window instead, so that e.g. text can be
selected and the context menu can be accessed.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">Mintty supports
5-button mice, handling mouse buttons 4 / 5 like
Alt+click-left / right in most mouse modes.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>Alt
codes</b> <br>
The Windows Alt+Numpad method for entering character codes
is supported, whereby the Alt key has to be held while
entering the character code. Only the first key has to be on
the numpad; subsequent digits can be entered both on the
numpad or the main part of the keyboard.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">If the first
key is the '<b>+</b>' on the numpad, the code is interpreted
as hexadecimal, whereby digits A through F can be entered
using the letter keys. If the first key is a zero, the code
is interpreted as octal. If the first key is any other digit
from 1 to 9, the code is interpreted as decimal.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">For UTF-8 and
other Unicode encodings such as GB18030, the entered code is
interpreted as a Unicode codepoint and encoded accordingly
before it is sent. For other encodings, the entered code is
sent as is. If it doesn’t fit into one byte, it is
sent as multiple bytes, with the most significant non-zero
byte first.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>Keyboard
shortcuts</b> <br>
This section gives an overview of all the keyboard
shortcuts. See also the final subsection on user-defined
shortcuts. <b><br>
Alt modifier key</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Note that <b>Alt+</b> in this
description refers to the left Alt key. For keyboards that
have two Alt keys, the right Alt key is not generally
supported as an Alt modifier. The reason is that it cannot
be safely distinguished from the AltGr key of international
keyboards which is used to generate specific additional
characters in various keyboard layouts and can therefore not
be used as a generic modifier.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>Scrollback and Selection via
keyboard</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">– <b>Shift+Up</b>: Line
up <br>
– <b>Shift+Down</b>: Line down <br>
– <b>Shift+PgUp</b>: Page up <br>
– <b>Shift+PgDn</b>: Page down <br>
– <b>Shift+Home</b>: Top <br>
– <b>Shift+End</b>: Bottom <br>
– <b>Alt+F3</b>: Search <br>
– <b>Shift+cursor-left</b>: Go to previous scroll
marker (e.g. in prompt) <br>
– <b>Shift+cursor-right</b>: Go to next scroll marker
(e.g. in prompt) <br>
– <b>Shift+middle-keypad-key</b>: Enter keyboard
selecting mode</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%; margin-top: 1em">Note: The
modifier can be configured with setting
<b>ScrollMod</b>.</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%; margin-top: 1em">Keyboard
selecting mode: <b>Alt</b> sets rectangular selection. Once
keyboard selecting mode is entered, the following keys are
applied: <br>
– <b>Up</b>, <b>Down</b>, <b>Up</b>, <b>Up</b>: Modify
selection <br>