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        <h2>Tools for community-centered open data</h2>
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      <h1>Discovery methods </h1>
      <h3 class="section-heading section-heading-alt">How to conduct user research for open data</h3>
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      <!-- <h3>Conducting user research</h3>
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      <h3>Getting started</h3>
      <p>Looking to launch an open data project? To make sure your work is grounded in your community’s needs, you’ll need to investigate “Who” is out there, “What” they might need, and “Why” they care. We've created a guide to methods you can use, and a self-assessment to see if you're ready to move on.</p>
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          More information for cities trying to meet What Works Cities certification criteria
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        {% include card.html
         image_src="/assets/img/discovery-thumbnails/focus-methods.png"
         image_alt=project.image_accessibility
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         tagline="List of research methods"
         description="Use this list of engagement methods will help you kick off or focus your outreach."
         link="https://sunlightfoundation.com/tde/focus-methods"
        %}
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         image_src=project.image
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         tagline="FUTURE: Analyzing demand for datasets"
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      <h3>Finding a focus area</h3>
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        {% include card.html
         image_src=project.image
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         tagline="Playbook: Hosting a civic scope-a-thon"
         description="[Exciting description of scope-a-thons]"
         link=""
        %}
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         image_src="/assets/img/discovery-thumbnails/focus-quiz.png"
         image_alt=project.image_accessibility
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         tagline="Self assessment"
         description="See if you have learned enough to launch your open data project around a clear focus area."
         link="http://sunlightfoundation.com/tde/focus-quiz"
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      <h3>Understanding data users</h3>
      <p>Understanding data users is, of course, central to a user-centered approach to open data. We encourage you to think about current and potential data users and community stakeholders.</p>
      <p>User personas are like fictional characters, but their characteristics are assembled from patterns across interviews with community members. Use them to understand your residents and communicate about the roles, needs, and challenges of potential open data users.</p>
      <p>Developing user personas is sometimes an iterative process, building on research and design sprints according to the capacity and objectives of your office. We recommend creating your own personas by conducting ethnographic research and synthesizing qualitative evidence into prototypes. If that's not immediately feasible, you can workshop internal insights to make preliminary personas before investing in user research.</p>
      <!-- <p>Four resources can help you adopt this user-centered design technique.</p> -->
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         tagline="Questions to ask potential data users (?)"
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         image_src="/assets/img/personas/tips.png"
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         tagline="Tips: Creating user personas for open data"
         description="Use these tips as a guide to compile ethnographic observations into a format that allows designers to relate to users at a glance."
         link="creating-user-personas"
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         image_src="/assets/img/personas/affinity.png"
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         tagline="How to run personas workshops"
         description="Run a workshop that produces quick-and-dirty preliminary personas"
         link="personas-workshops"
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         image_src="/assets/img/personas/user-personas.jpg"
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         tagline="Understanding user personas"
         description="Methods: what they are and where they come from"
         link="understanding-user-personas"
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         image_src="/assets/img/personas/persona_image.jpeg"
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         tagline="Library of user personas"
         description="We collected all existing open data user personas that we could find, hoping more cities will follow."
         link="personas-library"
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      <h3>Supporting clear use cases</h3>
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         tagline="FUTURE: Highlighting successful community uses"
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      <h1>Action methods </h1>
      <h3 class="section-heading section-heading-alt">Design and implement a user-centered intervention</h3>
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      <p>In the meantime, here are some resources you may find useful:</p>
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      <p>Follow <a href="https://sunlightfoundation.com/blog/">our blog</a> to find out when we add more resources for the “action” phase!</p>
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      <h3>Co-creating and planning</h3>
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      <h1>Case studies </h1>
      <h3 class="section-heading section-heading-alt">See how this approach has been used in the real world</h3>
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      <p>Sunlight’s Open Cities team has been researching and piloting best practices in facilitating community use of open data to continuously develop our <a href="{{ site.baseurl }}/philosophy/">Tactical Data Engagement</a> (TDE) framework.</p>
      <p>In March 2017, we released the beta version of our TDE guide and began reaching out to What Works Cities to gather feedback on the guide’s instructions for city officials. As a result of those productive conversations, we found opportunities to start piloting the framework itself with cities in the What Works Cities partnership.</p>
      <p>In beginning to pilot the approach, we hoped to confirm our framework’s relevance to city open data goals, iteratively improve the TDE model to ensure our process is replicable and intuitive enough for cities to use on their own, and to develop new case studies to demonstrate the types of tactical approaches that we believe will facilitate the community use of data. Read more about our TDE pilot projects:</p>
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      <h1>Guiding philosophy</h1>
      <h3 class="section-heading section-heading-alt">The driving philosophy here is called Tactical Data Engagement (TDE), which focuses on how governments can facilitate community use of open data.</h3>
      <a href="{{ site.baseurl }}/philosophy/" tabindex="-1"><button class="usa-button usa-button-big usa-button-secondary">Learn more about TDE</button></a>
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