/
siunitx-v2.dtx
17892 lines (17882 loc) · 600 KB
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siunitx-v2.dtx
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% \iffalse meta-comment
%<*internal>
\iffalse
%</internal>
%<*readme>
siunitx - A comprehensive (SI) units package
==============================================
Physical quantities have both numbers and units, and each
physical quantity should be expressed as the product of a number
and a unit. Typesetting physical quantities requires care to
ensure that the combined mathematical meaning of the number-unit
combination is clear. In particular, the SI units system lays
down a consistent set of units with rules on how these are to be
used. However, different countries and publishers have differing
conventions on the exact appearance of numbers (and units). The
`siunitx` package provides a set of tools for authors to typeset
quantities in a consistent way. The package has an extended set
of configuration options which make it possible to follow
varying typographic conventions with the same input syntax. The
package includes automated processing of numbers and units, and
the ability to control tabular alignment of numbers.
Installation
------------
The package is supplied in `dtx` format and as a pre-extracted
zip file, `siunitx.tds.zip`. The later is most convenient for
most users: simply unzip this in your local texmf directory . If
you want to unpack the `.dtx` yourself, running `tex
siunitx.dtx` will extract the package whereas `latex
siunitx.dtx` will extract it and also typeset the documentation.
The package requires LaTeX3 support as provided in the
`l3kernel` and `l3packages` bundles. Both of these are available
on [CTAN](http://www.ctan.org/) as ready-to-install zip files.
Suitable versions are available in MiKTeX 2.9 and TeX Live 2015
(updating the relevant packages online may be necessary).
LaTeX3, and so `siunitx`, requires the e-TeX extensions: these
are available on all modern TeX systems.
Typesetting the documentation requires a number of packages in
addition to those needed to use the package. This is mainly
because of the number of demonstration items included in the
text. To compile the documentation without error, you will
need the packages:
- `amsmath`
- `booktabs`
- `cancel`
- `caption`
- `cleveref`
- `colortbl`
- `csquotes`
- `datatool`
- `helvet`
- `mathpazo`
- `multirow`
- `listings`
- `pgfplots`
- `xcolor`
%</readme>
%<*internal>
\fi
\def\nameofplainTeX{plain}
\ifx\fmtname\nameofplainTeX\else
\expandafter\begingroup
\fi
%</internal>
%<*install>
\input l3docstrip.tex
\keepsilent
\askforoverwritefalse
\preamble
---------------------------------------------------------------
The siunitx package --- A comprehensive (SI) units package
Maintained by Joseph Wright
E-mail: joseph.wright@morningstar2.co.uk
Released under the LaTeX Project Public License v1.3c or later
See http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt
---------------------------------------------------------------
\endpreamble
\postamble
Copyright (C) 2008-2021 by
Joseph Wright <joseph.wright@morningstar2.co.uk>
It may be distributed and/or modified under the conditions of
the LaTeX Project Public License (LPPL), either version 1.3c of
this license or (at your option) any later version. The latest
version of this license is in the file:
http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt
This work is "maintained" (as per LPPL maintenance status) by
Joseph Wright.
This work consists of the file siunitx.dtx
and the derived files siunitx.pdf,
siunitx.sty and
siunitx.ins.
\endpostamble
\usedir{tex/latex/siunitx}
\generate{
\file{\jobname.sty}{\from{\jobname.dtx}{package}}
\file{siunitx-abbreviations.cfg}
{\from{\jobname.dtx}{config,abbreviations}}
\file{siunitx-binary.cfg}{\from{\jobname.dtx}{config,binary}}
\file{siunitx-version-1.cfg}{\from{\jobname.dtx}{config,version-1}}
}
%</install>
%<install>\endbatchfile
%<*internal>
\usedir{source/latex/siunitx}
\generate{
\file{\jobname.ins}{\from{\jobname.dtx}{install}}
}
\nopreamble\nopostamble
\usedir{doc/latex/siunitx}
\generate{
\file{README.md}{\from{\jobname.dtx}{readme}}
}
\ifx\fmtname\nameofplainTeX
\expandafter\endbatchfile
\else
\expandafter\endgroup
\fi
%</internal>
%<*driver|package>
\RequirePackage{expl3}[2020/01/12]
\RequirePackage{xparse}
%</driver|package>
%<*driver>
\documentclass{l3doc}
\usepackage[german,french,spanish,UKenglish]{babel}
\usepackage[table]{xcolor}
\usepackage{amsmath,booktabs,cancel,caption,colortbl,csquotes}
\usepackage{datatool,helvet,multirow,pgfplots,siunitx,xfrac,xtab}
\usepackage[capitalise]{cleveref}
\usepackage[final]{listings}
\usepackage[osf]{mathpazo}
\AtBeginDocument{\shorthandoff{<>}}
\crefformat{section}{#2Section~#1#3}
\Crefformat{section}{#2Section~#1#3}
\crefformat{subsection}{#2Section~#1#3}
\Crefformat{subsection}{#2Section~#1#3}
\crefformat{figure}{#2Figure~#1#3}
\Crefformat{figure}{#2Figure~#1#3}
\crefformat{table}{#2Table~#1#3}
\Crefformat{table}{#2Table~#1#3}
\crefrangeformat{table}{#3Tables~#1#4 to~#5#2#6}
\Crefrangeformat{table}{#3Tables~#1#4 to~#5#2#6}
\crefmultiformat{table}{#2Tables~#1#3}{ and~#2#1#3}{, #2#1#3}{, and~#2#1#3}
\Crefmultiformat{table}{#2Tables~#1#3}{ and~#2#1#3}{, #2#1#3}{, and~#2#1#3}
% Silence annoying fp package messages
\FPmessagesfalse
\pgfplotsset{compat = newest}
\sisetup{binary-units}
\DeclareSIUnit{\KWH}{kWh}
\DeclareSIPrePower\quartic{4}
\DeclareSIPostPower\tothefourth{4}
\DeclareSIQualifier\catalyst{cat}
\DeclareSIQualifier\isotropic{i}
\DeclareSIQualifier\polymer{pol}
\newlength\mylength
%\DisableImplementation
\begin{document}
\DocInput{\jobname.dtx}
\end{document}
%</driver>
% \fi
%
%\makeatletter
%
%^^A Some short cuts for the tables
%\NewDocumentCommand\DescribePrefix{m}{^^A
% \expandafter\SpecialUsageIndex\expandafter{\csname #1\endcsname}^^A
% #1 & \cs{#1} & \expandafter\si\expandafter{\csname #1\endcsname}
%}
%\NewDocumentCommand\DescribeUnit{m}{^^A
% \expandafter\SpecialUsageIndex\expandafter{\csname #1\endcsname}^^A
% #1 &
% \cs{#1} &
% \expandafter\si\expandafter{\csname #1\endcsname}
%}
%\NewDocumentCommand\DescribeNamedUnit{mm}{^^A
% \expandafter\SpecialUsageIndex\expandafter{\csname #2\endcsname}^^A
% #1 &
% \cs{#2} &
% \expandafter\si\expandafter{\csname #2\endcsname}
%}
%
%^^A For creating examples with nice highlighting of code, and so
%^^A on; based on the system used in the listings source (lstsample).
%\lst@RequireAspects{writefile}
%\newsavebox{\LaTeXdemo@box}
%\lstnewenvironment{LaTeXdemo}[1][code and example]
% {^^A
% \global\let\lst@intname\@empty
% \expandafter\let\expandafter\LaTeXdemo@end
% \csname LaTeXdemo@#1@end\endcsname
% \@nameuse{LaTeXdemo@#1}^^A
% }
% {\LaTeXdemo@end}
%\newcommand*\LaTeXdemo@new[3]{^^A
% \expandafter\newcommand\expandafter*\expandafter
% {\csname LaTeXdemo@#1\endcsname}{#2}^^A
% \expandafter\newcommand\expandafter*\expandafter
% {\csname LaTeXdemo@#1@end\endcsname}{#3}^^A
%}
%\newcommand*\LaTeXdemo@common{^^A
% \setkeys{lst}
% {
% basicstyle = \small\ttfamily,
% basewidth = 0.51em,
% gobble = 3,
% keywordstyle = \color{blue},
% language = [LaTeX]{TeX},
% moretexcs =
% {
% addto,
% ampere,
% ang,
% angstrom,
% becquerel,
% bel,
% bit,
% bottomrule,
% byte,
% cancel,
% candela,
% centi,
% color,
% coulomb,
% cubed,
% cubic,
% deci,
% decibel,
% degree,
% degreeCelsius,
% DeclareBinaryPrefix,
% DeclareRobustCommand,
% DeclareSIPostPower,
% DeclareSIPrefix,
% DeclareSIPrePower,
% DeclareSIQualifier,
% DeclareSIUnit,
% DTLdisplaydb,
% DTLforeach,
% DTLiffirstrow,
% DTLmul,
% DTLnewdb,
% DTLnewdbentry,
% DTLnewrow,
% farad,
% fontspec,
% gram,
% gray,
% henry,
% highlight,
% hour,
% Hz,
% joule,
% kelvin,
% kibi,
% kilo,
% kilogram,
% kWh,
% litre,
% lumen,
% lux,
% mathnormal,
% metre,
% mebi,
% micro,
% midrule,
% milli,
% mm,
% mole,
% multirow,
% num,
% numlist,
% numrange,
% of,
% pascal,
% per,
% percent,
% protected,
% radian,
% raiseto,
% robustify,
% rowcolor,
% second,
% selectlanguage,
% SendSettingsToPgf,
% si,
% SI,
% SIlist,
% SIrange,
% sievert,
% sisetup,
% SIUnitSymbolDegree,
% square,
% squared,
% tablenum,
% tesla,
% texorpdfstring,
% text,
% textmu,
% toprule,
% tothe,
% translate,
% unit,
% volt,
% watt
% }
% }^^A
%}
%\newcommand*\LaTeXdemo@input{^^A
% \MakePercentComment
% \catcode`\^^M=10\relax
% \small
% \begingroup
% \setkeys{lst}
% {
% SelectCharTable=\lst@ReplaceInput{\^\^I}{\lst@ProcessTabulator}
% }^^A
% \leavevmode
% \input{\jobname.tmp}^^A
% \endgroup
% \MakePercentIgnore
%}
%\LaTeXdemo@new{code and example}
% {^^A
% \setbox\LaTeXdemo@box=\hbox\bgroup
% \lst@BeginAlsoWriteFile{\jobname.tmp}^^A
% \LaTeXdemo@common
% }
% {^^A
% \lst@EndWriteFile
% \egroup
% \begin{center}
% \ifdim\wd\LaTeXdemo@box>0.48\linewidth\relax
% \hbox to\linewidth{\box\LaTeXdemo@box\hss}^^A
% \begin{minipage}{\linewidth}
% \LaTeXdemo@input
% \end{minipage}
% \else
% \begin{minipage}{0.48\linewidth}
% \LaTeXdemo@input
% \end{minipage}
% \hfill
% \begin{minipage}{0.48\linewidth}
% \hbox to\linewidth{\box\LaTeXdemo@box\hss}^^A
% \end{minipage}
% \fi
% \end{center}
% }
%\LaTeXdemo@new{code and float}{^^A
% \lst@BeginAlsoWriteFile{siunitx.tmp}^^A
% \LaTeXdemo@common
%}{^^A
% \lst@EndWriteFile
% \LaTeXdemo@input
%}
%\LaTeXdemo@new{code only}
% {\LaTeXdemo@common}{}
%
%^^A Turning of the marginpar warnings is a bit awkward.
%^^A It is achieved by temporarily disabling \@latex@warning@no@line
%\let\latex@addmarginpar\@addmarginpar
%\let\latex@warning@no@line\@latex@warning@no@line
%\def\@addmarginpar{^^A
% \let\@latex@warning@no@line\@gobble
% \latex@addmarginpar
% \let\@latex@warning@no@line\latex@warning@no@line
%}
%
%\ProvideDocumentCommand\opt{m}{\texttt{#1}}
%
%\makeatother
%
%\GetFileInfo{\jobname.sty}
%
%\title{^^A
% \textsf{siunitx} --- A comprehensive (SI) units package\thanks{^^A
% This file describes \fileversion, last revised \filedate.^^A
% }^^A
%}
%\author{^^A
% Joseph Wright\thanks
% {^^A
% E-mail: \href{mailto:joseph.wright@morningstar2.co.uk}
% {\texttt{joseph.wright@morningstar2.co.uk}}^^A
% }^^A
%}
%\date{Released \filedate}
%
%\maketitle
%
%\changes{v0.6}{2008/02/18}{First public testing release (as \pkg{si})}
%\changes{v1.0}{2008/06/15}{First official release}
%\changes{v1.1}{2008/09/28}{Package extended to a greater range of unit
% types}
%\changes{v1.2}{2009/01/22}{Correct handling for ranges of numbers
% added}
%\changes{v1.3}{2009/09/20}{Better definition for micro symbol}
%\changes{v1.4}{2010/01/16}{Detect entire document in non-serif font}
%\changes{v2.0}{2010/05/23}{Complete re-write of package to add many new
% features}
%\changes{v2.0c}{2010/06/07}{Mixed literal and macro units now print
% more reliably}
%\changes{v2.0d}{2010/06/10}{Fix error in \opt{table-format} option
% concerning exponent signs}
%\changes{v2.0e}{2010/06/20}{Correct behaviour of \cs{pm} in numbers
% when \texttt{abbreviations} configuration is loaded: problem
% introduced in v2.0c}
%\changes{v2.0f}{2010/06/27}{Fix issue with spacing of multiplication
% sign in text mode}
%\changes{v2.0g}{2010/06/28}{Fix issue with complex numbers in
% quotients}
%\changes{v2.0g}{2010/06/28}{Repair broken \opt{bracket-numbers}
% option}
%\changes{v2.0g}{2010/06/28}{Improve handling of complex root token}
%\changes{v2.0g}{2010/06/28}{Introduce localisation for text values}
%\changes{v2.0h}{2010/06/29}{Actually get localisation into the
% code}
%\changes{v2.0j}{2010/06/30}{Ensure symbols specified in
% \opt{input-symbols} are always printed in math mode}
%\changes{v2.0k}{2010/07/04}{Fix for \pkg{babel} French settings with
% \cs{fg} in tabular material}
%\changes{v2.0l}{2010/07/07}{Further adjustments to \pkg{babel} support}
%\changes{v2.0p}{2010/07/28}{Actually get change from v2.0o working}
%\changes{v2.0q}{2010/07/29}{Errors with free-standing unit code fixed}
%\changes{v2.0q}{2010/07/29}{Deal with bad definition of \cs{color}
% by \pkg{textpos} package}
%\changes{v2.0s}{2010/08/08}{Correct errors in rounding code when
% precision requested is zero decimal places}
%\changes{v2.0t}{2010/08/24}{Replace \cs{exp_afer:wN} in code for
% \cs{per} with \cs{exp_after:wN}}
%\changes{v2.0u}{2010/09/14}{Fix second possible issue with
% \pkg{textpos} package and \cs{color}}
%\changes{v2.0u}{2010/09/14}{Prevent infinite loop if \cs{SI} function
% is used with an empty number}
%\changes{v2.0v}{2010/09/26}{Internal changes reflecting \pkg{expl3}
% updates}
%\changes{v2.0w}{2010/09/29}{Deal with internal function used by
% REV\TeX{} in tables}
%\changes{v2.0x}{2010/10/05}{Fix bug when detecting single prefixes
% and converting prefixes to numbers}
%\changes{v2.1a}{2010/11/05}{Ensure that output of list separators is
% in text mode}
%\changes{v2.1a}{2010/11/05}{Print prefixes correctly in text mode
% when converting to numerical value}
%\changes{v2.1b}{2010/11/05}{Bug in printing code for complex part with
% no number fixed}
%\changes{v2.1b}{2010/11/05}{Bug in hyphen printing when detecting mode
% sorted}
%\changes{v2.1c}{2010/11/11}{Discourage line break between number and
% unit even when it is permitted}
%\changes{v2.1c}{2010/11/14}{After reviewing internals, \cs{numlist},
% \cs{numrange}, \cs{SIlist} and \cs{SIrange} are documented as
% requiring text mode due to issues with spacing and line breaks}
%\changes{v2.1c}{2010/11/14}{Auto-detect math mode in tables and
% correct output accordingly}
%\changes{v2.1e}{2010/11/22}{Fix issues with text mode symbols and
% \pkg{fontspec} package}
%\changes{v2.1g}{2010/12/21}{Checks on the versions of \pkg{expl3} and
% \pkg{xparse} installed}
%\changes{v2.1h}{2011/01/18}{Detect AMS display-like environments}
%\changes{v2.1j}{2011/02/01}{Allow for loading of \pkg{inputenc} package
% with no options}
%\changes{v2.1k}{2011/02/09}{Bug fix when printing superscript minus
% signs and using \pkg{fontspec} package}
%\changes{v2.1m}{2011/03/18}{Avoid expansion of erroneous literal
% units when these are forbidden}
%\changes{v2.1m}{2011/03/20}{Ensure some output occurs in all cases
% when \opt{round-precision} is set to \opt{0} and \opt{round-mode}
% is set to \opt{places}}
%\changes{v2.1n}{2011/03/31}{Consistent behaviour for
% \opt{round-integer-to-decimal} when \opt{round-precision} is 0}
%\changes{v2.1o}{2011/04/03}{Fix incorrect font choice when
% \pkg{arev} package is loaded}
%\changes{v2.1o}{2011/04/03}{Account for negative exponents
% when using \opt{fixed-exponent} system}
%\changes{v2.1p}{2011/04/04}{Bad table alignment when some rows
% contain comparators fixed}
%\changes{v2.1p}{2011/04/04}{Poor position of comparators in
% numbers fixed}
%\changes{v2.2a}{2011/04/15}{Fix issue with \texttt{*} tokens in
% tabular preambles}
%\changes{v2.2a}{2011/04/15}{Expand macros with arguments correctly
% in tables}
%\changes{v2.2a}{2011/04/16}{Group digits for input containing symbolic
% entries}
%\changes{v2.2a}{2011/04/16}{Insert tokens correctly when last tabular cell
% does not end \texttt{\textbackslash\textbackslash}}
%\changes{v2.2a}{2011/04/16}{Fix bug with literal units and auto-insertion
% of \num{1} when \opt{per-mode} is \opt{symbol}}
%\changes{v2.2b}{2011/04/17}{Make \cs{of} work in hyper-linked sections}
%\changes{v2.2b}{2011/04/17}{Fix bug with \cs{highlight} macro when
% no colour support is loaded}
%\changes{v2.2b}{2011/04/19}{Fix bad formatting of negative exponents when
% using the \opt{output-exponent-marker} option}
%\changes{v2.2c}{2011/04/20}{Fix bad interaction with \pkg{cellspace} package}
%\changes{v2.2d}{2011/04/28}{Fix the \opt{strict} option}
%\changes{v2.2e}{2011/05/23}{Fix incorrect interpretation of complex numbers
% with no real part}
%\changes{v2.2g}{2011/06/02}{Correctly space \cs{degree} and similar units
% in lists and ranges when only a single unit is given}
%\changes{v2.2h}{2011/06/03}{Fix bug in significant figures rounding code
% for some integer part values}
%\changes{v2.2i}{2011/06/15}{Fix \opt{detect-mode} option inside
% table cells}
%\changes{v2.2j}{2011/06/26}{Fix incorrect line breaking in \cs{SIrange}}
%\changes{v2.2k}{2011/06/27}{Fix behaviour of subscripts inside alignments
% when printing in text mode}
%\changes{v2.2l}{2011/06/30}{Fix loss of main unit when \opt{per-mode} is set
% to \opt{symbol} and a pre-unit is used}
%\changes{v2.3}{2011/06/19}{New implementation for alignment in \texttt{S}
% column}
%\changes{v2.3a}{2011/07/09}{Restore fix in v2.2l missing in v2.3}
%\changes{v2.3b}{2011/08/08}{Adjust internal load order so that
% \opt{free-standing-units} works correctly for abbreviations}
%\changes{v2.3c}{2011/07/12}{Fix display of \( \pm \) in numbers when
% \opt{separate-uncertainty} is \opt{true} and literal units are used}
%\changes{v2.3d}{2011/08/18}{Fix broken superscript display in literal unit
% mode}
%\changes{v2.3e}{2011/09/09}{Internal changes to work with \LaTeX3
% updates}
%\changes{v2.3f}{2011/09/03}{Fix processing of numbers in tables when entire
% number is invalid}
%\changes{v2.3g}{2011/10/06}{Deal with erroneous leading zero in some
% fixed exponent cases}
%\changes{v2.3h}{2011/10/14}{Ensure math mode for exponent products in all
% circumstances}
%\changes{v2.3h}{2011/10/14}{Improvements to output when using \pkg{tex4ht}}
%\changes{v2.4}{2011/11/03}{Reduce number of math mode options, improving
% consistency of output}
%\changes{v2.4a}{2011/11/28}{Extend search-and-replace code for UTF-8
% characters}
%\changes{v2.4a}{2011/12/04}{Use a more cautious approach to changing
% settings at the start of the document}
%\changes{v2.4b}{2011/12/06}{Erroneous doubled \texttt{\#} corrected}
%\changes{v2.4c}{2011/12/09}{Erroneous check for text mode sanserif font fixed}
%\changes{v2.4d}{2011/12/09}{Fix for edge-case user commands in captions
% where the command clashes with a unit name}
%\changes{v2.4e}{2011/12/11}{Fix issue with \pkg{inputenc} package and
% some of the recent special symbol changes}
%\changes{v2.4f}{2011/12/21}{Allow easier use of headings when not parsing
% numbers in tables}
%\changes{v2.4f}{2011/12/23}{Fix bug with detection of bold font in table
% cells}
%\changes{v2.4g}{2012/01/06}{Update internals to match changes in \pkg{expl3}
% which caused issues with some tokens in numerical arguments}
%\changes{v2.4h}{2012/01/15}{Bug fix for implementation of
% \opt{reciprocal-positive-first}}
%\changes{v2.4i}{2012/01/19}{Bug fix for rounding with large numbers of
% decimal places}
%\changes{v2.4j}{2012/01/26}{Leave vertical mode before any document-level
% commands}
%\changes{v2.4k}{2012/03/22}{Internal changes to allow for \pkg{breqn}
% package tricks}
%\changes{v2.4l}{2012/03/23}{Fix a load-order issue with \pkg{soulpos}
% package}
%\changes{v2.4m}{2012/04/03}{Correct bug in \cs{SIlist} when only a single
% number is given}
%\changes{v2.4n}{2012/04/04}{Allow conversion of numbers with more than
% nine digits to scientific notation}
% \changes{v2.5}{2012/04/07}{Fixed table code to give fewer underfull
% boxes when comparators are used}
% \changes{v2.5}{2015/04/07}{Added \opt{zero-decimal-to-integer} option}
% \changes{v2.5}{2012/04/07}{Added \opt{omit-uncertainty} option}
% \changes{v2.5}{2012/04/08}{Modified \opt{fixed-exponent} such that it can
% remove an exponent part}
% \changes{v2.5}{2012/04/08}{Modified number of intrinsically-mathematical
% options}
% \changes{v2.5a}{2012/04/19}{Fixed support for \enquote{dynamic} nature of spacing
% in free standing units (bug introduced in v2.5)}
% \changes{v2.5b}{2012/04/20}{Fixed treatement \texttt{\^} and \texttt{\_}
% in literal units when \pkg{breqn} package is loaded}
% \changes{v2.5b}{2012/04/20}{Added support for \pkg{eulervm} package}
% \changes{v2.5c}{2012/04/03}{Fixed conversion of numbers with more than
% nine digits when using fixed exponents}
% \changes{v2.5c}{2012/05/03}{Modified treatment entirely empty cells in
% \texttt{s} columns}
% \changes{v2.5d}{2012/06/11}{Extend range of settings automatically altered
% to use UTF-8 values is appropriate}
% \changes{v2.5d}{2012/06/11}{Added \opt{qualifier-phrase} option}
% \changes{v2.5d}{2012/06/11}{Added \opt{phrase} choice for \opt{qualifier-mode}
% option}
% \changes{v2.5e}{2012/06/13}{Fixed an internal error in unit expansion
% introduced in v2.4f}
% \changes{v2.5f}{2012/07/16}{Modified internals to track \pkg{expl3} changes}
% \changes{v2.5g}{2012/07/22}{Fixed \opt{binary-units} option}
% \changes{v2.5h}{2012/08/28}{Modified literal unit test to allow spaces in
% units to be ignored}
% \changes{v2.5i}{2012/09/11}{Fixed alignment of values without uncertainties in
% columns where space is reserved for uncertainties}
% \changes{v2.5j}{2012/09/18}{Fixed rounding when uncertainties are present}
% \changes{v2.5k}{2012/09/20}{Fixed a warning with \pkg{amsmath} related to fraction
% functions}
% \changes{v2.5k}{2012/11/13}{Fixed handling spaces correctly after start of document}
% \changes{v2.5l}{2012/11/21}{Modified internals to track \pkg{expl3} changes}
% \changes{v2.5m}{2012/11/27}{Fixed bug with UTF-8 engines and literal units}
% \changes{v2.5m}{2012/11/27}{Fixed \cs{highlight} behavior in bookmarks}
% \changes{v2.5m}{2012/11/27}{Modified loading of \opt{binary-units}}
% \changes{v2.5m}{2012/11/27}{Fixed right-to-left mode with \pkg{bidi}
% package}
% \changes{v2.5n}{2012/12/29}{Fixed transmission of grouping information by
% \cs{SendSettingsToPgf}}
% \changes{v2.5o}{2013/01/09}{Modified internals to track \pkg{expl3} changes}
% \changes{v2.5p}{2013/02/01}{Fixed printing of \cs{pm} and \cs{mp} when used
% as signs in text mode}
% \changes{v2.5q}{2013/03/10}{Fixed use active \texttt{-} in numbersn}
% \changes{v2.5q}{2013/03/10}{Fixed binary units in tables}
% \changes{v2.5r}{2013/07/11}{Modified internals to track \pkg{expl3} changes}
% \changes{v2.5s}{2013/07/31}{Modified internals to track \pkg{expl3} changes}
% \changes{v2.6}{2013/11/19}{Fixed loading when \pkg{mdwtab} is in use}
% \changes{v2.6}{2014/09/03}{Fixed minus sign when \pkg{tex4ht} is in use}
% \changes{v2.6}{2014/09/03}{Fixed spacing when printing comparators}
% \changes{v2.6}{2014/09/03}{Modified treatment of hard spaces (\texttt{\~}) in
% argument of \cs{num}}
% \changes{v2.6}{2014/09/03}{Modified standard setting for \opt{mode} option
% to \opt{math}}
% \changes{v2.6}{2014/09/04}{Fixed printing of uncertainties when the
% input is an integer and the uncertainty is given as a separate part}
% \changes{v2.6}{2014/09/04}{Fixed definition \cs{fg} in
% bookmarks when \pkg{babel} is loaded with the \opt{french} option}
% \changes{v2.6}{2014/09/05}{Fixed printing exponent in tables when
% \opt{output-exponent-marker} is active}
% \changes{v2.6a}{2014/09/15}{Modified glyph selection when \pkg{fontspec}
% is detected}
% \changes{v2.6b}{2014/09/27}{Modified range of font shapes which can be
% detected}
% \changes{v2.6c}{2014/10/01}{Fixed use of \cs{micro} when \pkg{fontspec}
% is loaded but \pkg{unicode-math} is not}
% \changes{v2.6d}{2014/10/07}{Fixed conversion of \enquote{long} to
% \enquote{short} uncertainty values with integer mantissas}
% \changes{v2.6e}{2015/01/21}{Modified symbol selection where \pkg{fontspec}
% and certain other packages are in use}
% \changes{v2.6f}{2015/04/01}{Fixed \opt{table-sign-exponent} and
% \opt{table-sign-mantissa} options when set \opt{false}}
% \changes{v2.6f}{2015/04/04}{Modified detection of \pkg{mathspec}}
% \changes{v2.6g}{2015/06/24}{Fixed issue with empty table cells}
% \changes{v2.6h}{2015/07/17}{Modified internals to track \pkg{expl3} changes}
% \changes{v2.6i}{2015/08/18}{Fixed rounding of numbers with large numbers of
% digits}
% \changes{v2.6i}{2015/08/18}{Fixed behaviour of \cs{cancel} when printing
% in math mode}
% \changes{v2.6j}{2015/09/01}{Fixed printing of all units when
% \opt{exponent-to-prefix} is set}
% \changes{v2.6j}{2015/09/01}{Fixed appearance of $\pm$ when
% \opt{exponent-to-prefix} is set}
% \changes{v2.6k}{2015/09/12}{Modified internals to track \pkg{expl3} changes}
% \changes{v2.6l}{2015/09/14}{Fixed an internal error}
% \changes{v2.6m}{2015/10/15}{Fixed an issue with \pkg{mwtab}}
% \changes{v2.6n}{2015/12/31}{Modified definition for degree Celsius}
% \changes{v2.6n}{2015/12/31}{Fixed {\aa}ngstr{\"o}m symbol with \LuaTeX{}}
% \changes{v2.6o}{2016/01/05}{Added support for unit powers when converting exponents
% to prefixes}
% \changes{v2.6p}{2016/01/13}{Added support for reciprocal powers when converting
% exponents to prefixes}
% \changes{v2.6p}{2016/01/19}{Modified definition for degree Celsius}
% \changes{v2.6q}{2016/03/01}{Fixed font selection when document commands are
% used inside table cells in \texttt{S} columns}
% \changes{v2.6r}{2016/06/06}{Fixed color safety issue}
% \changes{v2.6r}{2016/08/14}{Fixed internal \pkg{expl3} usage issues}
% \changes{v2.6r}{2016/08/21}{Fixed handling \texttt{e0}}
% \changes{v2.6r}{2016/08/21}{Added a warning when color support is not available}
% \changes{v2.6s}{2016/09/02}{Removed one excess warning}
% \changes{v2.7}{2016/11/11}{Added first documented code level interfaces}
% \changes{v2.7}{2016/11/23}{Fixed behavior when \pkg{cellspace} is applied to
% math mode material}
% \changes{v2.7b}{2017/01/28}{Fixed large numbers in scientific mode}
% \changes{v2.7c}{2017/02/01}{Fixed spacing of integers in tables when
% aligning decimal marker to center}
% \changes{v2.7d}{2017/02/19}{Fixed doubled pre-number tokens in tables}
% \changes{v2.7e}{2017/03/06}{Modified treatment of \texttt{+} }
% \changes{v2.7f}{2017/03/23}{Fixed spacing with \opt{reciprocal-positive-first}
% setting}
% \changes{v2.7g}{2017/05/19}{Fixed an issue with recent \pkg{expl3} update}
% \changes{v2.7h}{2017/06/12}{Modified code internals}
% \changes{v2.7i}{2017/07/23}{Fixed an incorrect variable name}
% \changes{v2.7k}{2017/11/01}{Fixed formatting of units when not parsed}
% \changes{v2.7l}{2018/03/11}{Modified \pkg{unicode-math} support}
% \changes{v2.7m}{2018/03/20}{Modified definition of \cs{astronomicalunit} unit}
% \changes{v2.7n}{2018/04/27}{Fixed symbolic input and digit grouping}
% \changes{v2.7q}{2018/05/11}{Fixed patching of \pkg{cellspace} columns}
% \changes{v2.7r}{2018/05/16}{Fixed issue in tabulars when REV\TeX{} is in use}
% \changes{v2.7s}{2018/05/17}{Modified package date format}
% \changes{v2.7t}{2018/06/08}{Fix inclusion of sign in astronomy-style
% angles}
% \changes{v2.7t}{2019/10/10}{Fix \opt{round-half} when \opt{even} at zero precision}
% \changes{v2.7u}{2020/01/15}{Modified internals to track \pkg{expl3} changes}
% \changes{v2.7v}{2020/02/17}{Fix appearance of superscript decimals with
% comma decimal marker}
% \changes{v2.8}{2020/02/20}{Use companion font symbols (now always loaded by
% the kernel)}
% \changes{v2.8}{2020/02/20}{Allow \cs{ohm} to appear correctly in PDF
% bookmarks}
% \changes{v2.8a}{2020/02/23}{Correct appearance of ohm when
% \pkg{unicode-math} is loaded}
% \changes{v2.8b}{2020/02/25}{Correct appearance of ohm when
% \pkg{newtxmath} is loaded}
%
%\begin{abstract}
% Physical quantities have both numbers and units, and each physical
% quantity should be expressed as the product of a number and a unit.
% Typesetting physical quantities requires care to ensure that the
% combined mathematical meaning of the number--unit combination is
% clear. In particular, the SI units system lays down a consistent
% set of units with rules on how these are to be used. However,
% different countries and publishers have differing conventions on
% the exact appearance of numbers (and units).
%
% The \pkg{siunitx} package provides a set of tools for authors
% to typeset quantities in a consistent way. The package has an
% extended set of configuration options which make it possible to
% follow varying typographic conventions with the same input syntax.
% The package includes automated processing of numbers and units, and
% the ability to control tabular alignment of numbers.
%\end{abstract}
%
%\tableofcontents
%
%\begin{documentation}
%
%\section{Introduction}
%
% The correct application of units of measurement is very important
% in technical applications. For this reason, carefully-crafted
% definitions of a coherent units system have been laid down by the
% \emph{Conf\'erence G\'en\'erale des Poids et
% Mesures} (CGPM): this has resulted in the \emph{Syst\`eme
% International d'Unit\'es} (SI). At the same time, typographic
% conventions for correctly displaying both numbers and units exist to
% ensure that no loss of meaning occurs in printed matter.
%
% \pkg{siunitx} aims to provide a unified method for \LaTeX{} users to
% typeset numbers and units correctly and easily. The design
% philosophy of \pkg{siunitx} is to follow the agreed rules by
% default, but to allow variation through option settings. In this way,
% users can use \pkg{siunitx} to follow the requirements of
% publishers, co-authors, universities, \emph{etc}.~without needing to
% alter the input at all.
%
%\section{Installation}
%
% The package is supplied in \file{dtx} format and as a pre-extracted
% zip file, \file{\jobname.tds.zip}. The later is most convenient for
% most users: simply unzip this in your local texmf directory and
% run \texttt{texhash} to update the database of file locations. If
% you want to unpack the \file{dtx} yourself, running
% \texttt{tex \jobname.dtx} will extract the package whereas
% \texttt{latex \jobname.dtx} will extract it and also typeset the
% documentation.
%
% The package requires \LaTeX3 support as provided in the
% \pkg{l3kernel} and \pkg{l3packages} bundles. Both of these are available
% on \href{http://www.ctan.org}{\textsc{ctan}} as ready-to-install
% zip files. Suitable versions are available in MiK\TeX{}~2.9 and
% \TeX{}~Live 2015 (updating the relevant packages online may be
% necessary). \LaTeX3, and so \pkg{siunitx}, requires the \eTeX{}
% extensions: these are available on all modern \TeX{} systems.
%
% Typesetting the documentation requires a number of packages in
% addition to those needed to use the package. This is mainly
% because of the number of demonstration items included in the text. To
% compile the documentation without error, you will need the packages:
%\begin{itemize}
% \item \pkg{amsmath}
% \item \pkg{booktabs}
% \item \pkg{cancel}
% \item \pkg{caption}
% \item \pkg{cleveref}
% \item \pkg{colortbl}
% \item \pkg{csquotes}
% \item \pkg{helvet}
% \item \pkg{mathpazo}
% \item \pkg{multirow}
% \item \pkg{listings}
% \item \pkg{pgfplots}
% \item \pkg{xcolor}
%\end{itemize}
%
%\section{\pkg{siunitx} for the impatient}
%
% The package provides the user macros:
%\begin{itemize}
% \item \cs{ang}\oarg{options}\marg{angle}
% \item \cs{num}\oarg{options}\marg{number}
% \item \cs{si}\oarg{options}\marg{unit}
% \item \cs{SI}\oarg{options}\marg{number}\oarg{pre-unit}\marg{unit}
% \item \cs{numlist}\oarg{options}\marg{numbers}
% \item \cs{numrange}\oarg{options}\marg{numbers}\marg{number2}
% \item \cs{SIlist}\oarg{options}\marg{numbers}\marg{unit}
% \item \cs{SIrange}\oarg{options}\marg{number1}\marg{number2}^^A
% \marg{unit}
% \item \cs{sisetup}\marg{options}
% \item \cs{tablenum}\oarg{options}\marg{number}
%\end{itemize}
% plus the \texttt{S} and \texttt{s} column types for decimal
% alignments and units in tabular environments. These user macros and
% column types are designed for
% typesetting numbers and units with control of appearance and with
% intelligent processing.
%
% Numbers are processed with understanding of exponents, complex numbers
% and multiplication.
%\begin{LaTeXdemo}
% \num{12345,67890} \\
% \num{1+-2i} \\
% \num{.3e45} \\
% \num{1.654 x 2.34 x 3.430}
%\end{LaTeXdemo}
%
% The unit system can interpret units given as text to be used directly
% or as macro-based units. In the latter case, different formatting is
% possible.
%\begin{LaTeXdemo}
% \si{kg.m.s^{-1}} \\
% \si{\kilogram\metre\per\second} \\
% \si[per-mode=symbol]
% {\kilogram\metre\per\second} \\
% \si[per-mode=symbol]
% {\kilogram\metre\per\ampere\per\second}
%\end{LaTeXdemo}
%
% Simple lists and ranges of numbers can be handled.
%\begin{LaTeXdemo}
% \numlist{10;20;30} \\
% \SIlist{0.13;0.67;0.80}{\milli\metre} \\
% \numrange{10}{20} \\
% \SIrange{0.13}{0.67}{\milli\metre}
%\end{LaTeXdemo}
%
% By default, all text is typeset in the current upright math
% font. This can be changed by setting the appropriate options:
% "\sisetup{detect-all}" will use the current font for typesetting.
%
%\section{Using the \pkg{siunitx} package}
%
%\subsection{Loading the package}
%
% The package should be loaded in the usual \LaTeXe{} way.
%\begin{LaTeXdemo}[code only]
% \usepackage{siunitx}
%\end{LaTeXdemo}
% The key--value options described later in this document can be used
% when loading the package, for example
%\begin{LaTeXdemo}[code only]
% \usepackage[version-1-compatibility]{siunitx}
%\end{LaTeXdemo}
% to use options from version 1 of the package.
%
%\subsection{Numbers}
%
%\begin{function}{\num}
% \begin{syntax}
% \cs{num}\oarg{options}\marg{number}
% \end{syntax}
%\end{function}
% Numbers are automatically formatted by the \cs{num} macro. This
% takes one optional argument, \meta{options}, and one mandatory one,
% \meta{number}. The contents of \meta{number} are automatically
% formatted. The formatter removes both \enquote{soft} (\verb*" ") and
% \enquote{hard} spaces (\cs{,} and "~"), automatically identifies
% exponents (by default
% marked using \texttt{e}, \texttt{E}, \texttt{d} or \texttt{D}) and
% adds the appropriate spacing of large numbers. With the standard
% settings a leading zero is added before a decimal marker, if needed:
% both \enquote{\texttt{.}} and \enquote{\texttt{,}} are recognised as
% decimal markers.
%\begin{LaTeXdemo}
% \num{123} \\
% \num{1234} \\
% \num{12345} \\
% \num{0.123} \\
% \num{0,1234} \\
% \num{.12345} \\
% \num{3.45d-4} \\
% \num{-e10}
%\end{LaTeXdemo}
% Note that numbers are parsed before typesetting, which does
% have a performance overhead (only obvious with very large amounts
% of numerical input). The parser understands a range of input syntaxes,
% as demonstrated above.
%
%\begin{function}{\numlist}
% \begin{syntax}
% \cs{numlist}\oarg{options}\marg{numbers}
% \end{syntax}
%\end{function}
%\changes{v2.0}{2010/05/23}{Introduced \cs{numlist} and \cs{SIlist}
% functions}
% Lists of numbers may be processed using the \cs{numlist} function.
% Each \meta{number} is given within the list of \meta{numbers} within
% a brace pair, as the list can have a flexible length. This function
% should be used in text mode, a common feature of all of the list and
% range functions provided by \pkg{siunitx}.\footnote{The reason for
% this restriction is that the separators between items may involve
% text-mode spaces which must be able to vanish at line breaks. It is
% not possible to achieve this effect from inside math mode.}
%\begin{LaTeXdemo}
% \numlist{10;30;50;70}
%\end{LaTeXdemo}
%
%\begin{function}{\numrange}
% \begin{syntax}
% \cs{numrange}\oarg{options}\marg{number1}\marg{number2}
% \end{syntax}
%\end{function}
% Simple ranges of numbers can be handled using the \cs{numrange}
% function. This acts in the same way as \cs{num}, but inserts a
% phrase or other text between the two entries. This function should
% be used in text mode.
%\begin{LaTeXdemo}
% \numrange{10}{30}
%\end{LaTeXdemo}
%
%\begin{function}{\ang}
% \begin{syntax}
% \cs{ang}\oarg{options}\marg{angle}
% \end{syntax}
%\end{function}
% Angles can be typeset using the \cs{ang} command. The
% \meta{angle} can be given either as a decimal number or as a
% semi-colon separated list of degrees, minutes and seconds, which
% is called \enquote{arc format} in this document. The numbers which
% make up an angle are processed using the same system as other numbers.
%\begin{LaTeXdemo}
% \ang{10} \\
% \ang{12.3} \\
% \ang{4,5} \\
% \ang{1;2;3} \\
% \ang{;;1} \\
% \ang{+10;;} \\
% \ang{-0;1;}
%\end{LaTeXdemo}
%
%\subsection{Units}
%
%\begin{function}{\si}
% \begin{syntax}
% \cs{si}\oarg{options}\marg{unit}
% \end{syntax}
%\end{function}
% The symbol for a unit can be typeset using the \cs{si} macro: this
% provides full control over output format for the unit. Like the
% \cs{num} macro, \cs{si} takes one optional and one mandatory
% argument. The unit formatting system can accept two types of input.
% When the \meta{si} contains literal items (for example letters or
% numbers) then \pkg{siunitx} converts \texttt{.} and "~" into
% inter-unit product and correctly positions sub- and superscripts
% specified using "_" and "^". The formatting methods will work with
% both math and text mode.
%\begin{LaTeXdemo}
% \si{kg.m/s^2} \\
% \si{g_{polymer}~mol_{cat}.s^{-1}}
%\end{LaTeXdemo}
% The second operation mode for the \cs{si} macro is an
% \enquote{interpreted} system, Here, each unit, SI multiple prefix and
% power is given a macro name. These are entered in a method very
% similar to the reading of the unit name in English.
%\begin{LaTeXdemo}
% \si{\kilo\gram\metre\per\square\second} \\
% \si{\gram\per\cubic\centi\metre} \\
% \si{\square\volt\cubic\lumen\per\farad} \\
% \si{\metre\squared\per\gray\cubic\lux} \\
% \si{\henry\second}
%\end{LaTeXdemo}
% On its own, this is less convenient than the direct method, although
% it does use meaning rather than appearance for input. However, the
% package allows you to define new unit macros; a large number of
% pre-defined abbreviations are also supplied. More importantly, by
% defining macros for units, instead of literal input, new
% functionality is made available. By altering the settings used by the
% package, the same input can yield a variety of different output
% formats. For example, the \cs{per} macro can give reciprocal powers,
% slashes or be used to construct units as fractions.
%
%\begin{function}{\SI}
% \begin{syntax}
% \cs{SI}\oarg{options}\marg{number}\oarg{preunit}\marg{unit}
% \end{syntax}
%\end{function}
% Very often, numbers and units are given together. Formally, the
% value of a quantity is the product of the number and the unit, the
% space being regarded as a multiplication sign \cite{SI:5.3.3}. The
% \cs{SI} macro combines the functionality of \cs{num} and
% \cs{si}, and makes this both possible and easy. The \meta{number}
% and \meta{si} arguments work exactly like those for the \cs{num} and
% \cs{si} macros, respectively. \meta{preunit} is a unit to be typeset
% \emph{before} the numerical value (most likely to be a currency).
%\begin{LaTeXdemo}
% \SI[mode=text]{1.23}{J.mol^{-1}.K^{-1}} \\
% \SI{.23e7}{\candela} \\
% \SI[per-mode=symbol]{1.99}[\$]{\per\kilogram} \\
% \SI[per-mode=fraction]{1,345}{\coulomb\per\mole}
%\end{LaTeXdemo}
%